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| (B-F) Wijayarana spp. from Sumatra and Java, Indonesia. (A) Huia cavitympanum male, from Bukit Baka Bukit Raya, Borneo, Indonesia. in Arifin, Chan, Smart, ... et Haas. 2021. Photographs by Umilaela Arifin. |
Abstract
Despite a considerable amount of research, the systematics of the ranid genus Huia have remained unresolved, mostly owing to insufficient sampling and morphological similarities. As currently circumscribed, Huia consists of five species, but multiple studies have consistently demonstrated that it is not a monophyletic genus. However, no study has approached the problem with adequate data and provided a systematically sound solution, leaving the genus to languish in a classification that is phylogenetically incoherent. We generated the most comprehensive sampling of Huia to date, based on extensive fieldwork in Java and Sumatra. Using an integrative taxonomy framework, we analysed four mitochondrial and two nuclear markers and, in conjunction with tadpole morphology, investigated the phylogenetics of Huia and its congeners. Corroborating previous studies, Huia is recovered as a paraphyletic group. Huia cavitympanum emerges as the sister taxon to Meristogenys. The remaining members of Huia form a monophyletic group, sister to the H. cavitympanum + Meristogenys clade. Our extensive geographical sampling in Sumatra and Java reveals multiple highly divergent lineages that potentially represent undescribed species. Using our expanded molecular and morphological dataset, we resolve the paraphyly of Huia by restricting the genus to its type species and propose a new genus to accommodate the strongly supported clade of Sumatran and Javan populations previously belonging to Huia.
Keywords: Anura, cryptic species, genetics, Indonesia, new genera, paraphyly, phylogenetic systematics, Southeast Asia, species diversity, taxonomy
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| A, Huia cavitympanum male, Taman Nasional Bukit Baka Bukit Raya, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia. B, Wijayarana (clade A); UA20140663, male, Padang Aro, Taman Nasional Kerinci-Seblat, Provinsi Sumatera Barat, Indonesia. C, Wijayarana (clade B); UA20150202, male, Wiyono Waterfall, Provinsi Lampung, Indonesia. D, Wijayarana (clade C); UA20150464–65, male and female in amplexus, Batang Karangan, Provinsi Sumatera Barat, Indonesia. E, Wijayarana (clade E); UA20150032, male, Banyumas, Provinsi Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. F, Wijayarana (clade F); UA20150049; Palutungan, Provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Size not to scale. Photographs by Umilaela Arifin. |
Etymology: Wijayarana is a compound of the words ‘wijaya’ (Vijaya, in Sanskrit, meaning victory) and ‘rana’ (Latin for frog, feminine). In this context, Wijaya alludes to the Sriwijaya (or Sri Vijaya) empire based in Palembang (Sumatra) between the 7th and 14th centuries CE, with primarily maritime realms (i.e. a thalassocracy). Sriwijaya became one of the most powerful and expansive kingdoms of Indonesia, spanning across most of Sumatra, Java and the Malay Peninsula. With the exception of the Malay Peninsula, these landmasses also represent the geographical range of the genus.
Umilaela Arifin, Kin Onn Chan, Utpal Smart, Stefan T. Hertwig, Eric N Smith, Djoko T. Iskandar and Alexander Haas. 2021. Revisiting the Phylogenetic Predicament of the Genus Huia (Amphibia: Ranidae) using Molecular Data and Tadpole Morphology. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. zlaa158. DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa158
CeNak-Forschende bestimmen neue Froschgattung „Wijayarana“
กบชะง่อนผาหูดำ
Wijayarana melasma Stuart & Chan-Ard, 2005
Synonyms: Huia melasma, Odorrana melasma
