Showing posts with label Irano-Anatolian. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Irano-Anatolian. Show all posts

Sunday, June 28, 2026

[Botany • 2026] Allium aralii (Amaryllidaceae) • A New Species of Allium sect. Codonoprasum from Southeastern Anatolia (Türkiye) based on Morphological Characters and Phylogenetic Evidence

 

Allium aralii Balos Köse& Sonay,

in Balos, Köse, Sonay et Tunç. 2026. 
Kaplandağı soğanı  ||  DOI: doi.org/10.3390/plants15101574  
 
Abstract
Allium aralii Balos, Köse Sonay sp. nov. (Amaryllidaceae, sect. Codonoprasum) is described as a new species from southeastern Anatolia, Türkiye. The species is morphologically distinguished from its closest relatives—A. euphraticum, A. turcicum subsp. turcicum, A. turcicum subsp. fusciflorum, and A. yilandaghense—by a unique combination of characters: blackish outer bulb tunics, semi-cylindrical solid leaves exceeding the inflorescence, an extremely long persistent two-valved spathe (4.5–28.0 cm), a lax hemispherical inflorescence (3–4 cm diam., 10–70 flowers), a goblet-shaped perigon with dentate inner tepals, exserted bicolored stamens (white at base and apex, purple in the middle), a reticulate-foveate ovary, and verrucate seed ornamentation with undulate anticlinal walls. Seed micromorphology examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) further supports species delimitation. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ITS and chloroplast matK sequences place A. aralii within a well-supported clade containing A. turcicum and allied species, corresponding to the eastern Mediterranean lineage of sect. Codonoprasum. ITS genetic distances between A. aralii and its morphologically closest relatives range 0.0632, falling within the typical interspecific range for Allium. The species is known from a single locality in Bozova district (Şanlıurfa) with fewer than 100 mature individuals and is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) according to IUCN criteria. This discovery highlights southeastern Anatolia as an underexplored center of Allium diversification and underscores the importance of integrative taxonomy for species delimitation within this taxonomically complex group.
Keywords: Allium; endemic; sect. Codonoprasum; morphology; taxonomy; phylogeny; seed micromorphology

 Habit and reproductive morphology of Allium aralii.
 (A) With oak trees on Mount Kaplandağı. (B,C) Inflorescences showing lax hemispherical structure. (D) Detail of perigon and pedicel, illustrating tepal arrangement and coloration.

Additional views of Allium aralii.
(A–C) Variation in inflorescence morphology, highlighting density and flower arrangement. (D) Whole plant habit, showing relative proportions of leaves, scape, and inflorescence.

 Allium aralii (From holotype M. Balos 5616).
(A) Habit. (B) Bulb. (C,D) Leaf sheathing and stem. (E) Leaf cross-section. (F,G) Perigon. (H) Close-up view of the outer tepal. (I) Inner surface of open perigon and filament. (J) Outer–inner–outer tepal. (K) Inner surface of open perigon. (L) Outer surface of open perigon. (M) Anther (N) Ovary. (O) Ovary cross-section (P) Scape cross-section. (Q) Capsule. (R) Seed.

Allium aralii Balos, Köse Sonay sp. nov. 
 
Diagnosis: Allium aralii belongs to Allium sect. Codonoprasum and is morphologically distinguished from its closely related species—A. euphraticum, A. turcicum subsp. turcicum, and A. turcicum subsp. fusciflorum—by the following combination of characters: outer bulb tunics blackish (vs. brownish in A. euphraticum and A. turcicum subsp. turcicum, brownish-black in A. turcicum subsp. fusciflorum); bulbs 1.0–1.5 × 0.8–1.0 cm (vs. 1–2 cm in A. euphraticum, 1–2 cm in A. turcicum subsp. turcicum, 1–2 cm in A. turcicum subsp. fusciflorum); scape slender, 16–30 cm long (vs. 14–44 cm in A. euphraticum, 10–40 cm in A. turcicum subsp. turcicum and subsp. fusciflorum); leaves semi-cylindrical, solid, exceeding the inflorescence, 6.5–21.0 × 0.08–0.1 cm (vs. filiform, hollow, exceeding ...

Etymology: The species name ‘aralii’ was given in honor of the extraordinary academic achievements of the second author’s son, Aral Köse. Aral is an exceptional student who, after pursuing a dual degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering and Mathematics at Boğaziçi University, has been awarded a full scholarship for a PhD program at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB).
Turkish common name of the new species: Allium is called “Soğan” in Turkish. The author proposes “Kaplandağı soğanı” as a vernacular name for A. aralii according to the guidelines of Menemen et al. [2016].


 Mehmet Maruf Balos,Yavuz Bülent Köse,Veysel Sonay and Fatmanur Tunç. 2026. Allium aralii (Amaryllidaceae, sect. Codonoprasum), A New Species from Southeastern Anatolia (Türkiye) Based on Morphological Characters and Phylogenetic Evidence. Plants. 15(10), 1574; DOI: doi.org/10.3390/plants15101574 [21 May 2026]

Wednesday, June 3, 2026

[Entomology • 2026] Stygioides hecateA Golden Shadow in the Mountains: A New Stygioides Bruand, 1853 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) from Turkey


 Stygioides hecate Japaridze & Junnilainen, 

in JaparidzeJunnilainen et Sihvonen, 2026.  
 
Abstract
A new species of the genus Stygioides Bruand, 1853 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) is described from central Turkey. Stygioides hecate Japaridze & Junnilainen sp. nov. is based on material collected in the Sultan Daðlarý Mountains (Konya Province). The new species is characterised by its distinct wing coloration in females. Adults are diurnal, as in other members of the genus, and were collected by daytime netting. DNA barcode data (COI) are provided and compared with available sequences in the Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD Systems), supporting the distinctiveness of the new taxon. The discovery of this species increases the number of Stygioides species to 10 and those from Turkey to three, thus contributing to a better understanding of the diversity and distribution of the genus in the Palaearctic realm.

Lepidoptera, carpenter moths, DNA barcoding, Heteroneura, Middle East

Adults of Stygioides hecate Japaridze & Junnilainen sp. nov.
 A–B. Paratype male, dorsal and ventral view and associated labels.
C–D. Holotype female, dorsal and ventral view and associated labels.
Scale bar: 10 mm

Stygioides hecate Japaridze & Junnilainen sp. nov. 

Diagnosis: Males of S. hecate Japaridze & Junnilainen sp. nov. differ from S. nupponenorum by the presence of a distinct white tip of the male abdomen and white scales on the antennae, the absence of brown piliform scales on the abdomen, a narrower apex of the valvae, and a shorter saccus (Figs 1A–1B, 2 C; cf. Lingenhöle et al. 2016: fig. 6; Yakovlev 2011: fig. 35). Females are readily distinguished from all congeners by the presence of golden-yellow scales on the antennae, head, thorax and wings (Figs 1C–1D; cf. Lingenhöle et al. 2017: figs 1–3, 9; Japaridze et al. 2025b: fig. 22).

Etymology: The species name is derived from Hecate, the ancient Greek goddess associated with the night and commonly depicted carrying yellow or golden torches. This name alludes to the coloration of the holotype female, which is predominantly black with yellow-golden scales on the wings, thorax, head, and antennae.


LASHA-GIORGI JAPARIDZE, JARI JUNNILAINEN and PASI SIHVONEN. 2026. A Golden Shadow in the Mountains: A New Stygioides Bruand, 1853 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) from Turkey.  Zootaxa. 5821(2); 274-280. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5821.2.8 [2026-05-29]

Friday, April 10, 2026

[Botany • 2021] Dionysia jamzadiae (Primulaceae) • A New Species from the Fars Province of Iran


Dionysia jamzadiae Lidén, M.Irvine, Alvén & Mehregan, 

in Lidén, Irvine, Alvén et Mehregan, 2021. 

ABSTRACT
Dionysia jamzadiae Lidén, M.Irvine, Alvén & Mehregan, from the east Zagros Mountains, Fars, Iran, is described as new to science. It belongs in section Dionysiopsis and is similar to D. oreodoxa Bornm. but differs in, for example, its sparsely glandular hairy or almost glabrous corolla with emarginated lobes (densely non-glandular pubescent with entire lobes in D. oreodoxa). Dionysia jamzadiae is known from two places and is quite abundant at the type locality.

Keywords: New species, Fars, Iran, Dionysia

Dionysia jamzadiae Lidén, M.Irvine, Alvén & Mehregan, sp. nov.
Brevistylous (A) and longistylous (B) plants in the type locality.
 Photograph: M. Lidén.

 
Dionysia jamzadiae Lidén, M.Irvine, Alvén & Mehregan, sp. nov.

Differs from Dionysia oreodoxa Bornm., to which it is most similar, in its sparsely glandular hairy or almost glabrous corolla with emarginate lobes (versus densely non-glandular pubescent with entire lobes).
 


 
M. Lidén, M. Irvine, A. Alvén and I. Mehregan. 2021. Dionysia jamzadiae (Primulaceae), A New Species from the Fars Province of Iran. Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 78; DOI: doi.org/10.24823/EJB.2021.396 [2021-12-02]

Thursday, October 30, 2025

[Botany • 2024] Allium elazigense (Amaryllidaceae) • A New Species of Allium sect. Codonoprasum from eastern Anatolia, Turkey


Allium elazigense Sonay, Gül & E. Bagci, 

in Sonay, Gül et Bağcı, 2024. 

Abstract
Allium elazigense Sonay, Gül & E. Bagci, a new species of sect. Codonoprasum, is described and illustrated from eastern Anatolia, Turkey. It resembles A. chloranthum, but differs from it by several morphological characters. Allium elazigense has a brownish outer tunic that forms a collar on the spiral-shaped spathe valves with a dark brown midrib, greenish-creamy perigon, oblong outer tepals and spathulate-oblong inner tepals, short anthers and a short ovary, a cylindrical-oblong, stipitate capsule, and narrowly semi-cylindrical cymbiform seeds. Based on IUCN criteria, its conservation status is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR).
 

Allium elazigense Sonay, Gül & E. Bagci sp. nov. 


Veysel Sonay, Emel Gül, and Eyüp Bağcı. 2024. Allium elazigense (Amaryllidaceae), a New Species from Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici. 61(1), 199-206. DOI: doi.org/10.5735/085.061.0128  (19 July 2024)

Friday, August 8, 2025

[Botany • 2025] Myosotis persica (Boraginaceae) • A New Species from alpine wetlands of NW Iran

 

Myosotis persica  Bidarlord, Akbarnejad & F. Ghahrem.,

in Bidarlord, Akbarnejad, Riahi, Hoseini et Ghahremaninejad, 2025. 

Abstract
A new species, Myosotis persica, is described and illustrated from the alpine wetlands of the Talesh Mountains in northwestern Iran, a transitional zone between the Irano-Turanian and Euro-Siberian floristic regions. Morphological distinctiveness and phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences support its recognition as a species new to science. Morphological comparisons indicate that M. persica is closely allied to M. koelzii, M. ramosissima, and M. diminuta but can be distinguished by its dwarf habit, branched filiform stems, patent to erect leaf hairs, deeply lobed calyx, and nutlet morphology. Phylogenetic reconstruction confirms its placement within Myosotis subgen. Myosotis, forming a supported clade with M. koelzii and M. ramosissima. With an estimated extent of occurrence less than 10 km² and a total population size under 1500 individuals, the species is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) under IUCN criteria. The findings underscore the importance of conserving alpine wetland habitats and provide new insights into species diversification within the genus Myosotis in south-western Asia.

Keyword: alpine wetland, Ardabil, forget-me-nots, Irano-Turanian region, taxonomy, Talesh Mountains

Myosotis persica:
A.-B. in flower (bar 1 cm), C. in fruit, D. habitat, E. pedicel and calyx in fruiting, .F. calyx in flowering and gynoecium (bar 1 mm), G. corolla with anthers and faucal scales (bar 1 mm), H. erem (nutlet) in both side (bar 1 mm), I. SEM photos of nutlet attachment scar (bar 0.1 mm), J. basal leaf, K. stem leaf (bar 1 mm), from the holotype.

Myosotis persica
Bidarlord, Akbarnejad & F. Ghahrem., sp. nov.  

 Diagnosis. Differs from M. koelzii, M. diminuta, and M. ramosissima by its dwarf habit, branched filiform ascending to prostrate stem, obovate to oblong leaves with patent to erect hairs, deeply lobed calyx with dense appressed straight hairs, and nutlets with marginally grooved areolae (Table 2).



Mahmoud Bidarlord, Bahareh Akbarnejad, Mehrshid Riahi, Ehsan Hoseini, Farrokh Ghahremaninejad. 2025. Myosotis persica (Boraginaceae), A New Species from alpine wetlands of NW Iran. Taiwania. 70(4); 585-590.  DOI: 10.6165/tai.2025.70.585


Friday, July 4, 2025

[Botany • 2025] Fritillaria behcetiana (Liliaceae) • A New Species from eastern Anatolia (Türkiye)


Fritillaria behcetiana  Yapar & Tekşen,

in Yapar et Tekşen, 2025. 

Abstract
Fritillaria behcetiana sp. nov. is described as a new species from Bingöl Province in eastern Anatolia, Türkiye. It is closely related to F. shehbazii, F. chlororhabdota and F. pinardii, but differs from them in several morphological features, including leaf lenght and colour, perianth segment size and colour, anther colour and length, filament length, style lenght and branching. The new species is described in detail, including distribution, ecology, conservation status and photographs with comparisons to F. shehbazii, F. chlororhabdota and F. pinardii.

Endemic, Fritillaria, taxonomy, Türkiye, Monocots 



Fritillaria behcetiana sp. nov.


Yakup YAPAR and Mehtap TEKŞEN. 2025. Fritillaria behcetiana (Liliaceae), A New Species from eastern Anatolia (Türkiye). Phytotaxa. 706(1); 74-80. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.706.1.5  [2025-06-19] 

Wednesday, April 23, 2025

[Botany • 2025] Bellevalia iranica (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae) • A New Species from Iran

 

Bellevalia iranica Alipour, Eker & Majidi,

in AlipourMajidi et Eker, 2025.

Abstract
A new species, Bellevalia iranica Alipour, Eker, & Majidi (Asparagaceae) from Iran, is described and illustrated. It is superficially similar to B. cyanopoda, but differs from it mainly in: shape and size of the flowers, the length of the pedicels, and the non-elongating scape in fruit, shape and size of the capsules, the length of leaves, and the shape of raceme as well as altitude and flowering period characteristics. Also, it is partly similar to B. shiraziana, but differs from it mainly in: color of outer tunic, number of leaves, number of flowers in the raceme and raceme size, short pedicels, the shape, color and size of flowers, size and color of lobes. A comprehensive description, diagnostic characters, original photographs, geographical distribution, conservation assessment, and taxonomic comments on the new species are presented.

Monocots, Bellevalia cyanopodaB. shiraziana, new taxon, taxonomy, Zagros Mountains
  

 Bellevalia iranica Alipour, Eker, & Majidi


Sajad ALİPOUR, Ramiar MAJİDİ and İsmail EKER. 2025. Bellevalia iranica (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), A New Species from Iran. Phytotaxa. 697(2); 213-218. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.697.2.7 [2025-04-15]

Thursday, April 3, 2025

[Botany • 2025] Polygonum anatolicum (Polygonaceae) • A New unique Species from Türkiye


Polygonum anatolicum  

in Eker et Keskin, 2025. 
 
Abstract
Polygonum is a taxonomically complex genus comprising more than 173 species. The flora of Türkiye includes 34 species of Polygonum, 13 of which are endemics (two are annuals, eleven are perennials). Based on field surveys in southern Türkiye, as well as examination of specimens deposited in various herbaria, we here propose to described a new species for science, Polygonum anatolicum. This species is an annual with extremely slender stems, and can be easily distinguished from other annuals knotweeds by its zig-zag twisting, especially at the end of the branches, tiny flowers, and quickly shed basal and tiny leaves. With the new species in this article, the number of Polygonum species in Türkiye has increased to 35 and the number of endemic taxa to 14.

Amanos Mountains, Annual species, Hatay, Kızıldağ, morphology, new key, new taxon, Eudicots

  




Polygonum anatolicum
 

İsmail EKER and Mustafa KESKİN. 2025. Polygonum anatolicum (Polygonaceae): A New unique Species from Türkiye.  Phytotaxa. 696(2); 192-200. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.696.2.8 [2025-04-01]  


[Botany • 2024] Hesperis oznur-duraniae (Brassicaceae) • A New Species from the East Anatolia region, Turkey


Hesperis oznur-duraniae  A.Duran

in Duran, 2024. 

Abstract
A new species of Hesperis L. is described from East Anatolia. This species has been collected from Yolçatı village (Bingöl province) in Turkey. Hesperis oznur-duraniae A.Duran sp. nova is morphologically similar to H. kitiana P.H.Davis but it differs mainly with life form, habitat, leaves, pedicels, sepals, petals, and anthers. In this study, an identification key with a description of the new species is provided along with statements about the habitat, distribution map, phenology, and conservation status of the new species. Additionally, seed features are also documented using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Bingöl, Cruciferae, taxonomy, systematics, Eudicots

Hesperis oznur-duraniae: a—habitus, b—claw equal to sepals.
H. kitiana: c—habitus, d—claw strongly exerted to sepals.

Hesperis oznur-duraniae: a—flowering part, c—pedicel, calyx and corolla.
H. kitiana: b—flowering part, d—pedicel, calyxand corolla.

  



Ahmet DURAN. 2024. Hesperis oznur-duraniae (Brassicaceae), A New Species from the East Anatolia region, Turkey. Phytotaxa. 664(1);  46-58. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.664.1.4 [2024-09-03]

Tuesday, March 25, 2025

[Botany • 2025] Dionysia persica (Primulaceae) • A New Species from Shiraz, Iran

 

Dionysia persica Majidi & Alipour, 

in Alipour, Majidi et Jalilian, 2025.  
 
Abstract
A new species, Dionysia persica Majidi & Alipour (Primulaceae) from Shiraz, Iran, is described and illustrated. It is similar to Dionysia bokharii but differs in leaves with usually deeply lobed and pinnately veined with weakly sclerified veins, much shorter calyx and corolla tube, smaller corolla limb with narrower and more distinctly emarginate lobes, and fewer ovules and seeds. Unlike all other Iranian Dionysia species, it is homostylous. A detailed description, photographs, geographical distribution, conservation assessment, and taxonomic comments on the new species are presented.

Dionysia bokharii, Iran, Koh Sorkh, new taxon, Shiraz, taxonomy, Eudicots



Dionysia persica Majidi & Alipour sp. nov.



Sajad ALİPOUR, Ramiar MAJİDİ and Nastaran JALILIAN. 2025. Dionysia persica (Primulaceae), A New Species from Shiraz, Iran.  Phytotaxa. 694(1); 86-92. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.694.1.7 [2025-03-18]


Wednesday, March 5, 2025

[Botany • 2024] Fritillaria nevzatcaglari (Liliaceae) • A New Species from southern Anatolia, Turkey

  

Fritillaria nevzatcaglari Yıldırım & Tekşen, 
  
in Tekşen, Çimen et Yıldırım, 2024.
 
Fritillaria nevzatcaglari Yıldırım & Tekşen (Liliaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from Turkey. It morphologically resembles F. ozdemir-elmasii, F. bithynica and F. elwesii, but differs from them by several characters, the most distinct one being a pale purple outer surface of the perigon. Due to human activities and grazing pressure in the are where F. nevzatcaglari grows, we assess its conservation status as critically endangered (CR).


 

 Mehtap Tekşen, Aşkın Öykü Çimen and Hasan Yıldırım. 2024. Fritillaria nevzatcaglari (Liliaceae), A New Species from southern Anatolia, Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici. 61(1); 41–46. DOI: doi.org/10.5735/085.061.0107
 

Tuesday, March 4, 2025

[Botany • 2024] Fritillaria pavehensis (Liliaceae) • A New Species from Western Iran

 

Fritillaria pavehensis Advay & Tekşen, 

in Advay, Tekşen et Soleimani, 2024. 

Abstract  
Fritillaria pavehensis Advay & Tekşen (Liliaceae) is described as a new species from Kermanshah Province in western Iran. In general habit, it resembles F. kurdica, F. crassifolia and F. hakkarensis of the informal F. crassifolia group, but differs from them by the shape and size of its lowest leaves and bracts, shape and colour of perigone segments, and style branches' length. A detailed taxonomic description, diagnostic characters, images, geographical distribution, habitat, phenology and conservation assessment are presented.


Fritillaria pavehensis Advay & Tekşen sp. nov.

A-C:Fritillaria pavehensis; D: F. kurdica; E-F: F. hakkarensis

 
Mahfouz Advay, Mehtap Tekşen and Fahmi Soleimani. 2024. Fritillaria pavehensis (Liliaceae), A New Species from Western Iran. Annales Botanici Fennici. 61(1); 55-61. DOI: doi.org/10.5735/085.061.0109 (8 February 2024) 

Sunday, February 16, 2025

[Botany • 2024] Allium ahmet-tirasii (Amaryllidaceae) • A New Species of Allium sect. Scorodon from Southern Anatolia (Türkiye)

 

Allium ahmet-tirasii Yıldırım, 

in Yıldırım, Özdöl et Erdem, 2024.
Alanya soğanı  ||  DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.644.2.2 

 Abstract 
Allium ahmet-tirasii Yıldırım (Amaryllidaceae) is described as a new species from Alanya district in Antalya province, southern Türkiye. Diagnostic characteristics, a full description, and comprehensive illustrations are provided. Based on morphological features, it belongs to the Allium subgen. Polyprason sect. Scorodon. Allium ahmet-tirasii has no closely related species. It slightly resembles A. sivasicum, by the pale brownish-orange inner tunic and greenish-yellow perigone and A. opacum, by perigone size and color also style length. However, it is easily distinguished from both A. sivasicum and A. opacum by many other morphological characters and its habitat. It is characterized by 1–2 equal bulblets; spathe one or sometimes 2-valved, if with 2-valved, valves unilateral; filaments equal or slightly shorter than tepals; style 1.5–2 mm long before fertilization shorter than perigone.

Monocots, Allium, Scorodon, new species, Türkiye  


Allium ahmet-tirasii Yıldırım sp. nova

 


Eponymy:—This species is named after Mr. Ahmet Tıraş, an amateur botanist who collected the first specimen of the new species. The Turkish name of this species is suggested as “Alanya soğanı” according to the guidelines of Menemen et al. (2016). 


Hasan YILDIRIM, Tuğkan ÖZDÖL and Seval ERDEM. 2024. Allium ahmet-tirasii (Amaryllidaceae), A New Species from Southern Anatolia (Türkiye).  Phytotaxa. 644(2); 102-112. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.644.2.2 [2024-04-11]