[Ichthyology • 2026] Hemigrammus serrazul • A New Hemigrammus (Characiformes: Acestrorhamphidae) from the rio Cuiabazinho Drainages, upper rio Paraguai Basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil

   

Hemigrammus serrazul  

Ferreira, Ribeiro & Carvalho, 2026

DOI: doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2025-0157

 

Abstract

A new species of Hemigrammus is described from tributaries of the rio Cuiabazinho, upper rio Paraguai basin, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. It can be readily distinguished from all its congeners by a unique combination of characters, including a distinctive body coloration pattern without spots, the number of perforated lateral-line scales (12–15), the number of branched rays on anal fin (21–25), and the presence of small bony hooks at the tips of the lepidotrichia of the second to fourth branched rays of the pelvic fins, which are absent in the anal fin. We also provide a brief discussion on the recent taxonomic reconfiguration of Hemigrammus.

Keywords: Freshwater fish; Rio Cuiabá drainage; Serra Azul; Serrana Province of Mato Grosso; Taxonomy

 Color pattern variations in live specimens of Hemigrammus serrazul: A. Male; B. Female.

Photo by Alexandre C. Ribeiro.  

Hemigrammus serrazul, new species

Diagnosis. Hemigrammus serrazul can be distinguished from most congeners (except of H. apiaka (Esguícero& Castro, 2017), H. erythrozonus Durbin, 1909, H. gracilis (Lütken, 1875), H. mimus Böhlke, 1955, and H. tupebas (Esguícero& Castro, 2017) by flank uniformly colored, without spots, i.e., no humeral and caudal spots, just a tiny and narrow longitudinal stripe (vs. species with spots in humeral and/or caudal peduncle). From H. apiaka, H. erythrozonus, H. gracilis, H. mimus, and H. tupebas, H. serrazul differs by premaxillary teeth in two rows: outer with three to five tricuspid teeth, inner with five ...

Etymology. The specific epithet serrazul refers to the type locality where the new species was collected, the Serra Azul, the local portion of the so-called Serrana Province of Mato Grosso, a range of escarped relief that serves as a watershed divide between the rio Cuiabá, Paraguai, and Arinos basins. A noun in apposition.

Hemigrammus serrazul, live specimen in aquarium, photographed just after capture in córrego Cocal (CPUFMT 8218), upper rio Paraguai basin, municipality of Rosário Oeste, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Inserir:

Photo by Alexandre C. Ribeiro.

Katiane Mara Ferreira, Alexandre Cunha Ribeiro and Fernando Rogério Carvalho. 2026. A New Hemigrammus (Characiformes: Acestrorhamphidae) from the rio Cuiabazinho Drainages, upper rio Paraguai Basin.  Neotrop. ichthyol. 24 (01); DOI: doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2025-0157

[Mollusca • 2026] Landouria tumpeesuwanorum & L. flagellolonga • Molecular Phylogeny of recognised Thai Landouria Species (Gastropoda: Camaenidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species

 

Landouria tumpeesuwanorum & L. flagellolonga  

 Nahok & K. Tanmuangpak, 

in Nahok, Chanlabut et Tanmuangpak, 2026. 

DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1278.172545

Abstract

The molecular phylogeny and morphological–anatomical characteristics of the terrestrial snail genus Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918 from Thailand are investigated, and we describe two new species. Phylogenetic analysis of 11 recognised Thai Landouria species reveal that these species are phylogenetically well separated from each other by mtDNA phylogeny and COI sequence divergences of 0.048–0.192. Landouria tumpeesuwanorum sp. nov. is described from a limestone hill in Nong Bua Lamphu Province, northeastern Thailand; it is characterised by its angulated whorls, a strongly keeled shell, and small flagellum with curved ends. The second new species, Landouria flagellolonga sp. nov. is described from a limestone hill in Sa Kaeo Province, eastern Thailand. It has a conical-lenticular, sharply keeled shell, and a very long, slender flagellum.

Key words: 16S rRNA, Camaenidae, COI, genitalia, integrative systematics, phylogeny, taxonomy, terrestrial snail, Thailand

Systematics

Family Camaenidae Pilsbry, 1895

Subfamily Bradybaeninae Pilsbry, 1934

Tribe Aegistini Kuroda & Habe, 1949

Genus Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918

 

Living adults of two Landouria new species.
A. Landouria tumpeesuwanorum sp. nov. (paratype: NHLRU027); B. L. flagellolonga sp. nov. (paratype: ZCPRU-0050).

Landouria flagellolonga Nahok & K. Tanmuangpak, sp. nov.

Etymology. Specific epithet derived from Latin word longus, meaning “long” and referring to the elongated flagellum of this species.

Diagnosis. Shell small, light brown-corneous, sharply keeled. Flagellum very long, epiphallus long and slender; penis long, cylindrical, dilated at its middle part; vagina and free oviduct short. Radula with lanceolate central and lateral teeth.

Landouria tumpeesuwanorum Nahok & K. Tanmuangpak, sp. nov.

Diagnosis. Shell large, brownish-corneous, angulated whorls, strongly keeled. Flagellum small with blunt ends; epiphallus cylindrical and abruptly tapering at its distal part; penis swollen at its basal; vagina large and bulged. Radula with triangular central and lateral teeth.

Etymology. In honour of Assoc. Prof. Chanidaporn Tumpeesuwan and Sakboworn Tumpeesuwan, Thai malacologists and our beloved advisor and co-advisor, respectively, who initiated the taxonomic study of Landouria in Thailand and whose inspiration has led to our study of molluscs.

 Benchawan Nahok, Utain Chanlabut and Kitti Tanmuangpak. 2026. Molecular Phylogeny of recognised Thai Landouria Species (Gastropoda, Camaenidae), with Descriptions of Two New Species. ZooKeys. 1278: 181-200. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1278.172545 [28 Apr 2026]

[Arachnida • 2026] Langelurillus sahyadri & L. udaipurensis • Further Notes on Indian Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 (Araneae: Salticidae), with the Description of Two New Species

 

Langelurillus sahyadri Sanap, Tripathi, Thackeray & Caleb, 

in Sanap, Tripathi, Caleb, H. Koli, V.K. Koli, Intodia et Thackeray, 2026.

DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5792.1.11

Abstract

We describe two new species, Langelurillus sahyadri Sanap, Tripathi, Thackeray & Caleb sp. nov. (♂♀) from Maharashtra and Langelurillus udaipurensis Tripathi, Sanap & Caleb sp. nov. (♂) from Rajasthan. Additionally, the previously unknown females of L. lacteus Sanap, Joglekar & Caleb, 2017 and L. onyx Caleb, Sanap, Joglekar & Prajapati, 2017 are described for the first time. Detailed morphological descriptions, illustrations, diagnostic comparisons of the studied species, and a distributional map for all Indian species are provided.

Araneae, Aravalli hills, distribution, jumping spider, taxonomy, Western Ghats

 Langelurillus sahyadri Sanap, Tripathi, Thackeray & Caleb sp. nov. 

Langelurillus udaipurensis Tripathi, Sanap & Caleb sp. nov. 

Langelurillus lacteus Sanap, Joglekar & Caleb, 2017 

L. onyx Caleb, Sanap, Joglekar & Prajapati, 2017

RAJESH V. SANAP, RISHIKESH TRIPATHI, JOHN T.D. CALEB, HEMLATA KOLI, VIJAY KUMAR KOLI, ANJANA INTODIA and TEJAS THACKERAY. 2026. Further Notes on Indian Langelurillus Próchniewicz, 1994 (Araneae: Salticidae), with the Description of Two New Species. Zootaxa. 5792(1); 183-199. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5792.1.11 [2026-04-10]

[Botany • 2025] Calea breviflora (Asteraceae) • A New Species endemic to White Sand ecosystems of easternmost Amazon, Maranhão, Brazil

Calea breviflora  V.R.Bueno & M.S.Silva, 

in Silva, Bueno, Scatigna et Marinho, 2025. 

DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.6 

Abstract

During field expeditions on white sand patches in northwestern Maranhão, Brazil, we found specimens of Calea characterized by minute florets and pappuses, common to Calea divaricata clade species. After thorough analysis, we concluded that those specimens represent a new species, which is described here as Calea breviflora. Its description, distribution map, illustrations, taxonomic comments, information on the habitat and a preliminary conservation assessment are provided. Moreover, we present an identification key for the Calea divaricata clade species.

Biodiversity, campinarana, taxonomy, white sand soil, Eudicots

Calea breviflora

MIZALENE SILVA DA SILVA, VINICIUS RESENDE BUENO, ANDRÉ VITO SCATIGNA and LUCAS CARDOSO MARINHO. 2025. Calea breviflora (Asteraceae): A New Species endemic to White Sand ecosystems of easternmost Amazon, Maranhão, Brazil.  Phytotaxa. 682()1); 91-100. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.6 [2025-01-16]

[Botany • 2021] Hedysarum sunhangii (Fabaceae: Hedysareae) • A New Species from Pamir-Alay (Babatag Ridge, Uzbekistan)

Hedysarum sunhangii  Juramurodov & Tojibaev, 

in Juramurodov, Tojibaev, Nikitina, Makhmudjanov, Yusupov, Deng et Dehkanov, 2021. 

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.1

  Researchgate.net/publication/355714611

 

Abstract

Hedysarum sunhangii is a new species described from the Babatag Ridge in the Uzbekistan part of the South-West Pamir-Alay (Central Asia). Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses were utilized to determine the taxonomic position of the species in genus Hedysarum. This new species belongs to the subsect. Crinifera of the sect. Multicaulia and it resembles H. criniferum and H. nuratense, but can be distinguished by details of its 3–4 pairs of larger and elliptical or ovate shaped leaflets, standard and keel sizes.

Keywords: Crinifera, Morphology, phylogeny, taxonomy, Eudicots

 Living plant of Hedysarum sunhangii.
A, in its habitat; B, Leaves (1-upper part, 2-lower part); C, Pods (3-front side, 4-lateral side); D, flower; E, raceme; F, entire plant.

Hedysarum sunhangii Juramurodov & Tojibaev, sp. nov.

INOM JURAMURODOV, KOMILJON TOJIBAEV, ELENA NIKITINA, DILMUROD MAKHMUDJANOV, ZIYOVIDDIN YUSUPOV, TAO DENG and DAVRON DEHKANOV. 2021. Hedysarum sunhangii (Fabaceae, Hedysareae), A New Species from Pamir-Alay (Babatag Ridge - Uzbekistan). Phytotaxa. 524(1); 1-13. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.1

  Researchgate.net/publication/355714611_Hedysarum_sunhangii_a_new_species_from_Pamir-Alay_Babatag_Ridge_Uzbekistan

[Invertebrate • 2025] Alloscopus sago & A. jantapasoae • Two New Species of the Genus Alloscopus Börner, 1906 (Collembola: Orchesellidae: Heteromurinae) from southern Thailand

Alloscopus sago Jantarit & Manee, sp. nov.  
   A. jantapasoae Jantarit, Nilsai & Manee, sp. nov.

in Jantarit, Manee, Nilsai, Mitpuangchon et Pimsai, 2025.

DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1245.148100 

Abstract 

Two new species of Alloscopus Börner (Orchesellidae: Heteromurinae) are discovered and described from southern Thailand. The first species, Alloscopus sago Jantarit & Manee, sp. nov. was found in a sago palm forest (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.), a true sago palm species native to Southeast Asia and typically located in lowland freshwater swamps in Phatthalung Province. The second species, A. jantapasoae Jantarit, Nilsai & Manee, sp. nov. was sampled from a dark zone within a cave environment in Trang Province. Both species are characterized by the absence of eyes and mucronal spines, the presence of a PAO, two rows of smooth chaetae on the manubrium, and dental spines. However, they differ in several morphological features, including the number of macrochaetae on the ‘A’ series of the head, Th. II and Abd. IV; labial basis chaetotaxy; the presence of smooth chaetae on tibiotarsi; the number of chaetae on both the anterior and posterior ventral tube; and the number of the inter-teeth on the claw. The discovery of these two new species increases the total number of Alloscopus species recorded in Thailand to six species with a total of 17 recognized species globally. An updated key to the world species of Alloscopus is also provided.   

Key words: Cave, chaetotaxy, Entomobryoidea, sago palm, taxonomy

Alloscopus sago Jantarit & Manee, sp. nov.   

 A. jantapasoae Jantarit, Nilsai & Manee, sp. nov.

 Sopark Jantarit, Nongnapat Manee, Areeruk Nilsai, Natrada Mitpuangchon and Awatsaya Pimsai. 2025. Two New Species of the Genus Alloscopus Börner, 1906 (Collembola, Orchesellidae, Heteromurinae) from southern Thailand. ZooKeys. 1245: 357-381. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1245.148100 

 

 

[Botany • 2026] Primula maershanensis (Primulaceae) • A New Species from Sichuan, China

 

Primula maershanensis  J.L.Gu & Z.K.Wu, 

in Sheng, Y.-M. Wu, Gu, Lin, Zhou, Zheng and Z.-K. Wu, 2026. 

马耳山报春  ||  DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.274.191386 

Abstract

Primula maershanensis J.L.Gu & Z.K.Wu, a new species of Primulaceae from Sichuan, China, is described and illustrated. Morphological evidence supports the placement of P. maershanensis within Primula sect. Auganthus, a section characterized by leaves that are shallowly to deeply lobed and covered with hairs and by a distinctively broad calyx with a flattened base. The new species is distinguished from other species in this section by its short rhizome and nearly fleshy roots; subpurple petioles and scapes; leaf blade suborbicular, wider than long, margin palmately 5–9-lobed to the middle of the blade; and a bright yellow corolla associated with long-homostylous flowers. Information on the distribution, morphological comparisons with closely related species, and the conservation status of the new species is also provided, along with a key to the known species of Primula sect. Auganthus.

Key words: Conservation status, diversity, maer shan bao chun, nomenclature, Sichuan, taxonomy

Primula maershanensis sp. nov. 

A. Habitat; B, C. Habit during flowering; D. Roots; E. Leaves, left: upper surface, right: lower surface; F. Flower scape; G. Flower bract (enlarged view); H. Bracts; I. Flower, lateral view; J. Dissected corolla showing anthers and stigmas; K. Calyx and pedicel; L. Outside of dissected calyx; M. Infructescence; N. Young fruits; O. Dissected young fruit. 

Photographed by Zhikun Wu, Mingyun Sheng, and Jiulin Gu.

Primula maershanensis J.L.Gu & Z.K.Wu, sp. nov.

 

Diagnosis. The new species is most similar to P. sinensis, P. rupestris, and P. jiangyouensis in sharing leaves and stems covered with hairs, lobed leaf blades, distinctly petiolate leaves, and a distinctively broad and flat-bottomed calyx. However, it is distinguished from the latter three mainly by several morphological features: a short rhizome and nearly fleshy roots; subpurple petioles and scapes; leaf blade suborbicular, wider than long, palmately 5–9-lobed to approximately 1/2 of its blade, long-homostylous flowers with a bright yellow corolla (Figs 1, 2). For a more accurate delimitation of all known species in this section, we observed living plants and captured their photographs, in addition to examining herbarium specimens of the other seven species within this section (Figs 3, 4). The main morphological distinctions between P. maershanensis and P. jiangyouensis, P. sinensis, and P. rupestris are summarized in Table 1.

 

Ming-yun Sheng, Yuan-mi Wu, Jiu-lin Gu, Hong-qiang Lin, Wei Zhou, Lei Zheng and Zhi-kun Wu. 2026. Primula maershanensis (Primulaceae), A New Species in Primula sect. Auganthus from Sichuan, China. PhytoKeys. 274: 61-71. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.274.191386 [28 Apr 2026]

[Botany • 2025] Anisomeles tamilnadense (Lamiaceae) • A New Species from Tamil Nadu, India

 

 Anisomeles tamilnadense  Ramasubbu & Bechu 

in Bechu, Ramasubbu, Spurgeon, Venkatesh et Kalaiselvan, 2025. 

DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.711.2.10 

 Researchgate.net/publication/393979625

 

Abstract

A new species of Lamiaceae, Anisomeles tamilnadense, is described from Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India. This species is closely related to A. indica and A. malabarica. However, several features differ, including the ovate-lanceolate and narrowly crenate leaf margin, coloured spathulate bracts, coloured calyx, <100 banded unpigmented corolla hairs and larger stigma lobes. This distinctive combination of traits allows to describe a new species within the genus, contributing to the better knowledge of the flora of the Indian subcontinent.

Eudicots, Anisomeles indica, Anisomeles malabarica, Lamiales, morphology, taxonomy

 Anisomeles tamilnadense:
 a) adult shrub at flowering; b) inflorescence twig; c) indumentum in stem; f) leaf morphology; g) leaf apex; h) leaf margin; A. malabarica: d) leaf morphology; i) leaf margin; A. indica: e) leaf morphology; j) leaf margin

Anisomeles tamilnadense Ramasubbu & Bechu sp. nov.

PUNNEN ABRAHAM BECHU, RAJU RAMASUBBU, EDWIN KIRUBAI DASS SPURGEON, PALANIVEL VENKATESH and KARUPPASAMY KALAISELVAN. 2026. Anisomeles tamilnadense (Lamiaceae), A New Species from Tamil Nadu, India.  Phytotaxa. 711(2); 202-208. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.711.2.10 [2025-07-24]

 Researchgate.net/publication/393979625_Anisomeles_tamilnadense_a_new_species_from_Tamil_Nadu_India

academia.edu/164908527/Anisomeles_tamilnadense_a_new_species_from_Tamil_Nadu_India

[PaleoMammalogy • 2026] Cimolodon desosai • Cranial and Postcranial Remains of A New Species of Cimolodon (Multituberculata: Cimolodontidae) from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) El Gallo Formation of Baja California, México

Cimolodon desosai

Mantilla, Newbins, Fastovsky, Zhang, Montellano-Ballesteros, Alcántara & Chen, 2026

DOI: doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2026.2641109

Illustration by Andrey Atuchin

ABSTRACT

Late Cretaceous mammals from North America are predominantly known from isolated teeth and fragmentary jaws and from localities representing coastal lowlands along the Western Interior Seaway. Here, we report craniodental and associated postcranial remains of a new species of the cimolodontid multituberculate genus Cimolodon from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) El Gallo Formation of Baja California, México. The specimen was deposited along the Pacific Coast between 75.17 ± 0.30 Ma and 74.55 ± 0.18 Ma. It represents the most complete mammal known from the Mesozoic of México and one of the best known cimolodontan multituberculates from North America. Morphologically, the new species, Cimolodon desosai, is most like C. nitidus, but differences include upper anterior premolar shape, molar cusp formulae, and relative length proportions of the cheek teeth. Phylogenetic analysis supports placement of the new species within Cimolodon and Ptilodontoidea, but uncertainties remain regarding relationships among cimolodontan families. Using the craniodental and postcranial data, we quantitatively reconstruct C. desosai as a small-bodied (∼100 g), animal-dominated omnivore with a scansorial locomotor mode. With the new taxonomic occurrence, the El Gallo mammalian local fauna is now known from 16 specimens referred to three multituberculate species (Mesodma cf. M. formosa, ?Stygimys sp., and Cimolodon desosai), one metatherian (Pediomys sp.), and one eutherian (Gallolestes pachymandibularis). Although further sampling is needed, the mammalian local fauna presently shows greatest biogeographic affinities with the Terlingua local fauna of western Texas.

SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY

MAMMALIA Linnaeus, 1758

MULTITUBERCULATA Cope, 1884

CIMOLODONTA McKenna, 1975

PTILODONTOIDEA Sloan and Van Valen, 1965

CIMOLODONTIDAE McKenna, 1975

CIMOLODON Marsh, 1889

CIMOLODON DESOSAI, sp. nov.

Partial cranium of the holotype of Cimolodon desosai (IGM 14691).
Images are three-dimensional surface renderings from μCT scans in: A, anterior; B, stereo dorsal; C, stereo ventral; D, left lateral; and E, right lateral views of the partial cranium; and F, occlusal view of the right upper cheek tooth row in high magnification. Dashed white lines represent interpreted position of cranial bone sutures.

Abbreviations: al, anterior lamina; fr, frontal; iof, intraorbital foramen; mx, maxilla; na, nasal; naf, nasal foramen; otc, orbitotemporal canal; pa, parietal; pav, palatal vacuity; pmx, premaxilla; pop, postorbital process; sq, squamosal; zpm, zygomatic process of the maxilla. Scale bar equals 10 mm for A–E and 2 mm for F.

Cimolodon desosai on the tree with a fruit in its mouth. It was about the size of a golden hamster. It likely scampered on the ground and in the trees and ate fruits and insects.

Illustration by Andrey Atuchin

 

 

Gregory P. Wilson Mantilla, Isiah R. Newbins, David E. Fastovsky, Yue Zhang, Marisol Montellano-Ballesteros, Dalia García Alcántara and Meng Chen. 2026. Cranial and Postcranial Remains of A New Species of Cimolodon (Mammalia, Multituberculata, Cimolodontidae) from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) El Gallo Formation of Baja California, México. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2641109. DOI: doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2026.2641109  [22 Apr 2026]

[Botany • 2026] Aspidistra huashuishanensis (Asparagaceae) • A New Species from Guangdong, China

Aspidistra huashuishanensis C.R. Lin, Y.H. Tong & Y.Q. Li, 

in Tong, Chen, Huang, Li, Wan et Lin, 2026.

滑水山蜘蛛抱蛋  ||  taiwania.ntu.edu.tw/abstract/2182

Abstract

Aspidistra huashuishanensis, a new species from Guangdong Province, China, is described and illustrated. It is similar to A. daqingshanensis in shape and color of leaves and flowers, but can be distinguished by urceolate perianth tube, perianth lobes suberect or slightly recurved, purplish red, ovate-triangular, acuminate or obtuse at apex, and upper surface of stigma with dense small papillae. The new species is currently only known from the type locality in northern Guangdong. Detailed colour plates and data on morphology, ecology, phenology and distribution of the new species are also provided.

Keyword: Aspidistra daqingshanensis, Aspidistra triradiata, Huashuishan City-level Nature Reserve, new taxon

Aspidistra huashuishanensis sp. nov.
 A. Habit; B. Flowers; C. Flowering plant; D-E. Flower side view; F. Fruit; G. Flower longitudinally dissected showing stamens and pistil (8-merous); H. Flower longitudinally dissected showing stamens and pistil (6- merous); I. Pistil; J. Stigma top view (8-merous); K. Stigma top view (6-merous); L. Stigma bottom view (6-merous).

Aspidistra huashuishanensis C.R. Lin, Y.H. Tong & Y.Q. Li, sp. nov. 

滑水山蜘蛛抱蛋

Diagnosis: The new species is similar to A. daqingshanensis Y.L. Pan & C.R. Lin in shape and color of leaves and flowers, but can be distinguished by urceolate perianth tube, perianth lobes suberect or slightly recurved, purplish red, ovate-triangular, acuminate or obtuse at apex, and upper surface of stigma with dense small papillae. 

Yi-Hua Tong, Shu-Yan Chen, Hai-Jian Huang, Yuan-Qiu Li, Xin-Yu Wan and Chun-Rui Lin. 2026. Aspidistra huashuishanensis (Asparagaceae), A New Species from Guangdong, China. Taiwania. 71(2); 390 - 393. DOI: 10.6165/tai.2026.71.390 [20 April 2026] 

taiwania.ntu.edu.tw/abstract/2182

[Fungi • 2026] Leucoinocybe danxiashanensis & L. haizhuensis (Basidiomycota: Agaricales) • Two mycenoid Species from southern China

 

[A-B] Leucoinocybe danxiashanensis Ming Zhang, T.H. Li & Xiang L. Chen,
[C-D] L. haizhuensis Ming Zhang, C.X. Fan & W.X. Xia,

in Xia, Wang, Chen, Sun, Fan, Li, Deng, Yue et Zhang, 2026. 

DOI: doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.129.174720

Abstract

Two new species of Leucoinocybe from southern China are described, illustrated, and compared with phenotypically similar and phylogenetically related species. Morphologically, L. danxiashanensis sp. nov. is characterized by its mycenoid basidiomata, light brown to brownish orange pileus with faintly yellow striations, decurrent lamellae, abundant lageniform to obclavate and thin-walled cystidia on pileus and stipe surface, and broadly ellipsoid to subamygdaliform basidiospores; and L. haizhuensis sp. nov. is characterized by its mycenoid basidiomata, brown, light brown to yellowish white pileus with pubescent, 2-spored basidia, ovoid, diverse cheilocystidia and elliptical to broadly elliptical basidiospores. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU) and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) supported them as two distinct species of Leucoinocybe.

Key words: Mycenoid, new taxon, phylogeny, Porotheleaceae, taxonomy

Basidiomata of Leucoinocybe danxiashanensis. A. Collection GDGM 80114 (holotype); B. Collection GDGM 80184. Scale bars: 10 mm (A, B). 
Basidiomata of Leucoinocybe haizhuensis. A, B. Collection GDGM 102360 (holotype); C. Collection GDGM 95340; D. Collection GDGM 99420. Scale bars: 10 mm (A–D).

Leucoinocybe danxiashanensis Ming Zhang, T.H. Li & Xiang L. Chen, sp. nov.

Leucoinocybe haizhuensis Ming Zhang, C.X. Fan & W.X. Xia, sp. nov.

 Wen-Xiao Xia, Chao-Qun Wang, Xiang-Lian Chen, Rui-Hua Sun, Cun-Xiang Fan, Tai-Hui Li, Wang-Qiu Deng, Hai-Mei Yue and Ming Zhang. 2026. Two mycenoid Species of Leucoinocybe (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from southern China.  MycoKeys. 129: 325-343. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.129.174720  [12 Mar 2026]

[Botany • 2026] Melanoseris pendryi (Asteraceae) • A New Species from Sikkim Himalaya, India

 

Melanoseris pendryi  D. Maity & Khuroo,
 

in Maity, Khuroo, Halder, Saha, Jha et Pradhan. 2026. 

 DOI: doi.org/10.5735/085.063.0112

bsky.app/profile/anbf.bsky.social

 

Abstract

Melanoseris pendryi D. Maity & Khuroo (Asteraceae) is described as a new species from the Sikkim Himalaya, India. It shares some characters, such as overall habit, capitulum size and hairy involucres, with M. lessertiana and M. qinghaica. However, among other features, M. pendryi is distinguished from them by having long ciliate hairs on the ventral surface of the lavender ligules. The paper provides a detailed taxonomic description, illustrations, photographs of diagnostic features and other details to facilitate identification.

Melanoseris pendryi (photographed near Thombu on 22 September 2025).
 A: Habitat. — B: Habit. — C: Capitulum. — D: Ligules. — E: Colourless ligule (part). — F: Outer involucral bract (ventral face). — G: Inner involucral bract (ventral face). — H: Floret. — I: Anther tube. — J: Immature cypsela. — K: Mature cypsela. — L: Cypsela body surface.

Debabrata Maity, Anzar Ahmad Khuroo, Arup K. Halder, Suparna Saha, Bhavesh K. Jha and Durga K. Pradhan. 2026. Melanoseris pendryi (Asteraceae), a New Species from Sikkim Himalaya, India. Annales Botanici Fennici. 63(1):73-78. DOI: doi.org/10.5735/085.063.0112 [20 April 2026]

https://bsky.app/profile/anbf.bsky.social/post/3mk5p37iwuc2k

[Crustacea • 2026] Nephropsis perexigua • A New Species of Nephropsis Wood-Mason, 1872 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Nephropidae) [the World’s Smallest Clawed Lobster]

Nephropsis perexigua

Chan & Chang, 2026

 DOI: doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruag015 

Abstract

Several small specimens of a clawed lobster recently collected off the island of Guadeloupe in the West Indies and originally reported as Nephropsis aculeata Smith, 1881 are found to represent a species new to science. The new species, N. perexigua sp. nov., can be readily separated from N. aculeata by the absence of a dorsal median carina in the abdomen. Nephropsis perexigua sp. nov. actually closely resembles N. pygmaea Chang, Chan & Kumar, 2020 from the West Pacific, but differs in the abdomen being smooth. The shape of the posteromesial plate on the coxa of the pereiopod III is also distinctly different among males of N. perexiguasp. nov., N. aculeata, and N. pygmaea. The large sequence divergence in the barcoding gene COI supports the distinct specific status of the new species. With the carapace length of the largest specimen being 12.1 mm and the smallest ovigerous female only 10.0 mm, N. perexiguasp. nov. is the world’s smallest clawed lobster so far known. An updated key to the species of Nephropsis Wood-Mason, 1872 is provided.

Nephropsis perexigua sp. nov.

Tin-Yam Chan and Su-Ching Chang. 2026. Description of the World’s Smallest Clawed Lobster, A New Species of Nephropsis Wood-Mason, 1872 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Nephropidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology. 46(2); ruag015. DOI: doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruag015 [10 April 2026 ]

 

[Herpetology • 2026] Limnonectes motijheel • A New mud-nesting Fanged Frog (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from Arunachal Pradesh with notes on L. longchuanensis from India

Limnonectes motijheel 

Boruah, Rajiv, Dutta & Das, 2026

DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5796.3.8

facebook.com: Bitupan BORUAH

 

Abstract

A new species of Limnonectes is described from Namdapha Tiger Reserve, Arunachal Pradesh, northeast India, based on differences in morphological characters and mitochondrial gene 16S rRNA. The genetic divergence of the new species with its congeners of the L. limborgi complex is 2.4–6.8% in the 16S rRNA gene. The new species can be easily differentiated from its congeners by adult snout-vent length range 23.3–35.9 mm, internarial distance greater than inter-upper eyelid width and upper eyelid width, an inverted “V” shaped dermal fold on dorsum, discontinuous dorsolateral folds on dorsum, dark-brown concave line on inter-upper eyelid space. Additionally, the new species exhibits a unique nesting behaviour, constructing mud nest under leaf litter. This study also formally reports L. longchuanensis from India. With the description of this new species and the report of L. longchuanensis, the number of species of the genus currently known from India increases to six.

Amphibia, Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, Namdapha Tiger Reserve, northeast India, taxonomy, phylogenetics

Limnonectes motijheel sp. nov.

 

BITUPAN BORUAH, N. V. RAJIV, SOURAV DUTTA and ABHIJIT DAS. 2026. A New mud-nesting Fanged Frog (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from Arunachal Pradesh with notes on L. longchuanensis from India.  Zootaxa. 5796(3); 551-571.3 DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5796.3.8 [2026-04-22]

https://www.facebook.com/bitupan.wild.92/posts/26598769686474352

[PaleoIchthyology • 2026] New Data on the sarcopterygian Koharalepis jarviki (Tetrapodomorpha: Canowindridae) from the Late Devonian of Antarctica, revealed via Synchrotron and Neutron Tomography

 

Koharalepis jarviki Young & Ritchie, 1992  
3D rendering of Koharalepis jarviki (AMF 54325) from neutron tomographic data.

  in Mensforth, Long, Bevitt et Clement, 2026. 

DOI: doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2026.1765271

Artwork: Thomas Turner

Abstract

Introduction: The ‘osteolepiforms’ are an extinct order of lobe-finned fishes that had a cosmopolitan distribution, which are often considered for their proximity to the vertebrate water-to-land transition. The canowindrids are an East Gondwanan clade of tetrapodomorph fishes that exhibit a high level of endemism. However, due to the rarity of canowindrid material and their taphonomy, there is only a single representative preserved wholly in 3D and thus suitable for investigation via modern non-invasive tomography.

Methods: Here we present an updated description of the holotype of Koharalepis jarviki, a canowindrid collected from the Late Devonian Aztec Siltstone formation in Mt Crean, Antarctica, elucidated via a combination of synchrotron and neutron tomography.

Results and discussion: New elements of the braincase, palate, mandible and axial skeleton are revealed for the first time, and previously reported anatomy including the dermal skull and position of the orbits are confirmed. A partial braincase and endocast has been reconstructed, enabling rare insight into the neural anatomy of Koharalepis. Phylogenetic analysis confirms Koharalepis as a member of the Canowindridae with Harajicadectes zhumini recovered as sister taxon. The canowindrids occupy a region of the phylogenetic tree with ‘osteolepidid’ taxa and megalichthyids, crownward of rhizodonts but below tristichopterids and elpistostegalids. This work provides greater support for the taxonomic characters and phylogenetic position of the enigmatic canowindrid family, and the 3D preservation of this material has enabled us to infer some behavioural and ecological insight.

Keywords: 3D modelling, canowindrid, Devonian, endocast, neutron tomography, phylogenetic analysis, Sarcopterygii, tetrapodomorph

3D rendering of Koharalepis jarviki (AMF 54325) from neutron tomographic data in (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) anterior view, (D) left lateral view and (E) posterior view.

Et, extra temporal; Ju, jugal; L.Ex, lateral extrascapular; M.Ex, median extrascapular; Op, operculum; Par, parietal; Po, postorbital; PP, postparietal; Sclm, supracleithrum; Sq, squamosal.

Life reconstruction of the Devonian tetrapodomorph fish Koharalepis jarviki.

Artwork: Thomas Turner/Flinders University

 Koharalepis jarviki Young & Ritchie, 1992

Corinne L. Mensforth, John A. Long, Joseph J. Bevitt and Alice M. Clement. 2026. New Data on the sarcopterygian Koharalepis jarviki (Tetrapodomorpha; Canowindridae) from the Late Devonian of Antarctica, revealed via Synchrotron and Neutron Tomography. Front. Ecol. Evol. (14); DOI: doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2026.1765271 [16 April 2026]