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| Trichopelma grande Ortiz & Fonseca, 2024 |
ABSTRACT
Large size, tropical climate, topographic complexity, and millions of years of isolation have turned the Greater Antillean islands into natural laboratories of evolution. Several groups have experienced explosive diversification across these islands, leading to highly diverse and endemic biotas and species experiencing unique adaptations. Here we describe a new tarantula species from the Viñales area, a biodiversity hotspot in western Cuba. Despite being a middle-sized species with large projected setae on the legs, reminiscent of those in arboreal tarantulas, phylogenomic analysis, diagnostic morphological features, and trap-door retreat building behaviour identifies it as the largest known representative of Trichopelma, and the only one with such hirsute legs. We provide mitochondrial barcoding data and a database of ultraconserved elements loci of the holotype of this species, which will help to include it in future phylogenetic studies of Theraphosidae. Given its limited distribution range, and its apparent absence in natural history collections despite its distinct appearance, this species might be scarce, positioning it as a potential conservation concern.
KEYWORDS: Gigantism, Greater Antilles, phylogenomics, rare species, Trichopelmatinae, UCE sequencing
Family Theraphosidae Thorell, 1869
Genus Trichopelma Simon, 1888
Trichopelma grande sp. n.
David Ortiz and Elier Fonseca. 2024. A hairy Giant among Dwarves: Trichopelma grande, A distinct New Species of Tarantula from Cuba (Araneae: Theraphosidae). Journal of Natural History. 58(45-48); 2189-2205. DOI: doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2401921
