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| Specimens of Amphidromus cruentatus; B. Stripeless morph and C, D. striped morph from Ban Phone, La-Marm, Sekong, Laos; G. Holotype of Amphidromus daoae, RMNH.5004201; H. Holotype of A. yangbayensis, MNHN-IM-2000-32435; I. Holotype of A. yenlinhae, MNHN-IM-2000-33230; J. Holotype of Amphidromus stungtrengensis, MNHN-IM-2000-34084; and K. Holotype of A. anhdaoorum, MNHN-IM-2000-33232. in Lee, Huang, Hwang, Sutcharit et Jirapatrasilp, 2022. photos: J. Goud (G), V. Héros, P. Maestrati (H–K). |
Abstract
Species of colourful arboreal snails of the genus Amphidromus from Southeast Asia commonly exhibit high intraspecific variation in shell morphology. Although highly polymorphic Amphidromus specimens with different colouration have been collected at the same locality and were revealed to possess similar genital organs, there is yet no morphometric or DNA analyses of these different shell morphs. This study is the first to reveal that both striped and stripeless morphs of A. cruentatus from Laos and Vietnam belong to the same mitochondrial (COI and 16S rRNA) lineage. Although the shell colouration between the striped and stripeless morphs is markedly different, morphometric and shell outline-based analyses indicated an overall similarity in shell shape. We also revised the systematics of A. cruentatus, in which we treated similar related species, namely A. eudeli, A. fuscolabris, A. thakhekensis, A. gerberi bolovenensis, A. goldbergi, A. pengzhuoani, A. eichhorsti and A. pankowskiae as junior synonyms of A. cruentatus. Amphidromus daoae, A. anhdaoorum, A. stungtrengensis, A. yangbayensis and A. yenlinhae, which were formerly regarded as junior synonyms, are considered as species different from A. cruentatus based on shell morphology and morphometric analyses. Preliminary phylogenetic analyses also retrieved some Amphidromus species groups as distinct mitochondrial lineages.
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| Specimens of Amphidromus cruentatus. A–C. Stripeless morph and D–F. striped morph from Samphanh, Phongsali, Laos; G–I. Striped morph from Chu Prong, Gia Lai, Vietnam. |
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| Specimens of Amphidromus cruentatus and type specimens of other nominal Amphidromus species. A–F. Specimens of Amphidromus cruentatus; A, B. Stripeless morph and C, D. striped morph from Ban Phone, La-Marm, Sekong, Laos; E. Stripeless morph and F. striped morph from Ban Xai Na Pho, Phatumphone, Champasak, Laos; G. Holotype of Amphidromus daoae, RMNH.5004201; H. Holotype of A. yangbayensis, MNHN-IM-2000-32435; I. Holotype of A. yenlinhae, MNHN-IM-2000-33230; J. Holotype of Amphidromus stungtrengensis, MNHN-IM-2000-34084; and K. Holotype of A. anhdaoorum, MNHN-IM-2000-33232. Credit: J. Goud (G), V. Héros, P. Maestrati (H–K). |
Chi-Tse Lee, Chih-Wei Huang, Chung-Chi Hwang, Chirasak Sutcharit and Parin Jirapatrasilp. 2022. Arboreal Snail Genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 of Southeast Asia: Shell Polymorphism of Amphidromus cruentatus (Morelet, 1875) revealed by Phylogenetic and Morphometric Analyses. PLoS ONE. 17(8): e0272966. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272966
