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| Pseudobuliminus beijingensis X.-X. Wang, in Zhang & Wang, 2025 |
ABSTRACT
Pseudobuliminus (Eupulmonata: Camaenidae) has traditionally been delimited to exclusively contain species with conoidal shells, but questions regarding its monophyly have remained. Extensive morphometric analyses conducted on almost all Pseudobuliminus species from China indicate that possessing a conoidal shell alone is not a sufficient character to establish genus membership. It was previously shown that Pseudobuliminus species from Shandong Province lack a dart sac and possess a flagellum. We found the same reproductive characteristics in additional species from eastern and northern China, such as P. buliminoides from Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, and Pseudobuliminus beijingensis n. sp., described herein from Fangshan, Beijing Province. In contrast, species from western China differ from this configuration by having a dart sac but lacking a flagellum. Based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and the nuclear spacer ITS2, our molecular phylogeny demonstrates that the species from eastern and northern China form a clade. We conclude that the combination of lack of a dart sac and presence of a flagellum is a morphological synapomorphy shared by the members of this taxonomic lineage.
KEYWORDS: Beijing, Bradybaeninae, cladistics, Yanshan Mountains, synapomorphy
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| Shells of Pseudobuliminus beijingensis n. sp. type specimens. A Aperture, umbilicus and apex views of holotype. B Aperture, umbilicus and apex views of paratype SDNU.Gas.0397.01.02. C View of protoconch, smooth. |
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| Photographs of live specimens of Pseudobuliminus beijingensis n. sp. and its habitat. A The mountain habitat where the species is found. B–C Living individuals on the tree. D The mating. E The probable host. |
Pseudobuliminus beijingensis n. sp.
Distribution: Only known from the type locality, Bejing.
Etymology: The name is after Beijing, capital of the P.R. China.
Remarks: This species resembles Pseudobuliminus piligerus, P. buliminus buliminus and P. conoidius from western China. P. piligerus, P. buliminus and P. beijingensis n. sp. do not cluster together in molecular phylogeny, highlighting the homoplasy in shell shapes.
Guoyi Zhang and Xing-Xiao Wang. 2025. Polyphyly in A Morphologically defined Genus: Phylogeny and Morphology of Pseudobuliminus (Eupulmonata: Camaenidae) from eastern and northern China, with A Checklist of Species from mainland China. Molluscan Research. DOI: doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2025.2494894 [14 May 2025]
https://x.com/uiharunagaame/status/1922958536134287619
