 |
| Porteria specimens alive. A, B, P. eddardstarki sp. nov., female from Palmas de Ocoa (MACN-Ar 39150). C, D, P. eddardstarki sp. nov., male from Palmas de Ocoa (MACN-Ar 39122). E, Porteria sp. (probably P. ajimayo sp. nov.), female from Pata de Gallina, south of Contulmo (14.II.1992, Platnick, Goloboff, Ramírez, AMNH; photo 791). Morrill, Crews, Esposito, Ramírez & Griswold, 2023 |
Abstract
We revise the Chilean genus Porteria, including the type species, Porteria albopunctata, and 11 new species: Porteria ajimayo sp. nov., Porteria alopobre sp. nov., Porteria ariasbohartae sp. nov., Porteria bunnyana sp. nov., Porteria contulmo sp. nov., Porteria correcaminos sp. nov., Porteria eddardstarki sp. nov., Porteria faberi sp. nov., Porteria fiura sp. nov., Porteria misbianka sp. nov. and Porteria torobayo sp. nov. A phylogenetic analysis using six genetic markers confirms the monophyly of Porteriinae, including Baiami and the core porteriines, here defined to include the ecribellate genera Cambridgea, Corasoides, Nanocambridgea and Porteria. Core porteriines are diagnosed by a narrowed section of the piriform gland spigot field, the cymbium extended to a narrow tip and lack of a median apophysis. Porteria and Corasoides are sister taxa, united by the behaviour of running atop the sheet of a web and by spinning a regular square mesh in the web platform. According to our results, the diversification of Porteria started about 30 Mya (44–17 Mya). A biogeographic analysis infers that an ancestor of Porteria reached South America via a founder event from Australia or New Zealand, where their close relatives occur.
Keywords: historic biogeography, long-range dispersal, marronoid, RTA clade, spiders
|
| Porteria specimens alive. A, B, P. eddardstarki sp. nov., female from Palmas de Ocoa (MACN-Ar 39150). C, D, P. eddardstarki sp. nov., male from Palmas de Ocoa (MACN-Ar 39122). E, Porteria sp. (probably P. ajimayo sp. nov.), female from Pata de Gallina, south of Contulmo (14.II.1992, Platnick, Goloboff, Ramírez, AMNH; photo 791). |
 |
| A, records of Porteria species in Chile. B, distribution of P. eddardstarki sp. nov.-the northernmost record is Fray Jorge National Park. C, records of species with restricted distributions, and of P. albopunctata sp. nov. in southern Chile. D, distribution of P. ajimayo sp. nov.-the southernmost records are in Reserva Costera Valdiviana and Alerce Costero National Park. E, distribution of P. bunnyanasp. nov.-the southernmost record is in Chonchi, Chiloé Island. |
 |
| A, Cambridgea sp. from Kahurangi National Park, South Island, New Zealand (photo by Peter Michalik). B, Cambridgea sp. from Mulford Sound, South Island, New Zealand. C, Cambridgea sp. from Punakaiki, South Island, New Zealand. D, E, Nanocambridgea sp. from Pelorus Bridge, South Island, New Zealand. F, G, Corasoides terania Humphrey, 2017 from Border Ranges National Park, NSW, Australia (photos by Jonas Wolff). |
 |
| Webs of Porteria. A, P. fiura sp. nov., Chiloé. B, Porteria from Volcán Osorno (P. correcaminos sp. nov. or P. bunnyana sp. nov.). C, P. ajimayo sp. nov. from Parque Pedro del Río Zañartu (Concepción). D, P. eddardstarki sp. nov. from Zapallar showing glittery appearance of web in sunlight. E, two webs of P. eddardstarki sp. nov. from Quebrada El Tigre, Zapallar (photo by Jaime Pizarro-Araya). F, web of P. ajimayo sp. nov. MACN-Ar 21074 from Contulmo, inset showing plat form with tangle above. |
Elizabeth Morrill, Sarah Crews, Lauren Esposito, Martín J Ramírez and Charles Griswold. 2023. A Revision of the Genus Porteria and the Phylogeny and Biogeography of Porteriinae (Araneae: Desidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 198(2); 368–461. DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac093
