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| Cratopipa novaolindensis
Carvalho, Agnolin, Rolando, Novas, Xavier-Neto, de Freitas & de Andrade, 2019
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Highlights:
• We describe a new species of Pipimorpha from the Crato Formation (Aptian, Early Cretaceous), Araripe Basin, Brazil.
• Cratopipa novaolindensis nov. gen. et sp. is the oldest pipimorph fossil from South America.
• Phylogenetic analysis resulted in the nesting of the new taxon within a unrecognized endemic South American clade.
• The analysis sustains dispersal of pipimorphs through an island chain or continental bridge across the Atlantic Ocean.
Abstract
Pipimorpha is a clade of tongueless anurans with a wide fossil record. Furthermore, the oldest South American fossils come from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) of Patagonia, Argentina. The aim of the present contribution is to describe a new genus and species of Pipimorpha from the Crato Formation (Aptian, Early Cretaceous), Araripe Basin, Brazil. The new specimen consists of a nearly complete skeleton that shows several anatomical similarities with other fossils from South America. Phylogenetic analysis resulted in the nesting of the new taxon within a previously unrecognized endemic South American clade. Further, some traditional groupings within Pipimorpha were not recognized. The new phylogenetic analysis reinforces previous biogeographical hypotheses sustaining dispersal of pipimorph between Africa and South America through an island chain or continental bridge across the Atlantic Ocean.
Keywords: Crato Formation, Lower Cretaceous, Pipimorpha, Brazil, South America, Africa
Systematic palaeontology
Anura Rafinesque, 1815
Pipoidea Fitzinger, 1843
Pipimorpha Ford and Cannatella, 1993
Cratopipa novaolindensis nov. gen. et sp.
Derivation of the name. Crato, from Crato Formation, the lithostratigraphic unit in which the holotype specimen was found; Pipa, the type genus of the Pipidae family. The specific epithet novaolindensis refers to the county of Nova Olinda, Ceará State, Brazil, the site where the fossil was discovered.
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| Holotype specimen of Cratopipa novaolindensis nov. gen. et sp. (UFRJDG 05 A). |
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| Skeletal reconstruction of Cratopipa novaolindensis nov. gen. et sp. |
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| life reconstruction of the Aptian Pipimorpha Cratopipa novaolindensis nov. gen. et sp.
(Art by Deverson da Silva, Pepi).
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Ismar de Souza Carvalho, Federico Agnolin, Mauro A. Aranciaga Rolando, Fernando E. Novas, José Xavier-Neto, Francisco Idalécio de Freitas and José Artur Ferreira Gomes de Andrade. 2019. A New Genus of Pipimorph Frog (Anura) from the early Cretaceous Crato Formation (Aptian) and the Evolution of South American Tongueless Frogs. Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 92; 222-233. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2019.03.005
Novo gênero de perereca fóssil é descoberto em Nova Olinda
Batizado de Cratopipa Novaolindesis, a espécime habitou o Cariri há 110 milhões de anos. blogs.diariodonordeste.com.br/cariri/ciencia/novo-genero-de-perereca-fossil-e-descoberto-em-nova-olinda/22810 @diarioonline
