[Entomology • 2020] Eudicrana chingaza, E. maculata, ... • Four New Neotropical Species of Eudicrana Loew (Diptera: Mycetophilidae: Sciophilinae) from the Colombian high Andean Ecosystems, with comments on the Genus

  

[B] Eudicrana chingaza 

[C] E. maculata

[D] E. merizaldei 

Henao-Sepúlveda, Wolff & Amorim, 2020

 

DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.988.49627

Abstract

Four new species of the sciophiline genus Eudicrana Loew are described for the Eastern and Central Andes of Colombia–Eudicrana silvaandina sp. nov., E. chingaza sp. nov., E. maculata sp. nov. and E. merizaldei. These are the first species of Eudicrana described from the extreme northern range of the Andes. The altitudinal distribution of these species in the paramos and high Andean forest ecosystems is restricted to 1750–3660 m a.s.l. and some other information on the environment is briefly discussed. A key for the Colombian species of Eudicrana is provided and a discussion is elaborated on the position of these species within the genus.

Keywords: Andean ecosystem, biology, diversity, Neotropical region, taxonomy

A Habitus of Eudicrana silvaandina sp. nov., male (holotype) B Habitus of E. chingaza sp. nov., male (holotype), terminalia detached
C Habitus of E. maculata sp. nov., male (holotype)
D Male habitus of E. merizaldei sp. nov. (holotype) E Habitus of E. merizaldei sp. nov., female.

Scale bar: 1mm

A Landscape images of the municipality of San José de la Montaña, paramo El Congo, Colombia, type locality of Eudicrana maculata sp. nov. (holotype) B Malaise trap habitat is in area covered on A
C landscape images of the municipality of Envigado, private property Nubarrones, type locality of E. merizaldei sp. nov. (holotype) D Malaise trap habitat is in area covered on C.

Carolina Henao-Sepúlveda, Marta Wolff and Dalton de Souza Amorim. 2020. Four New Neotropical Species of Eudicrana Loew (Diptera, Mycetophilidae, Sciophilinae) from the Colombian high Andean Ecosystems, with comments on the Genus. ZooKeys. 988: 129-150. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.988.49627

[Botany • 2025] Impatiens meishanensis (Balsaminaceae) • A New Species from Sichuan, China

Impatiens meishanensis K.Huang & Z.X.Fu,  

 

in Zhang, Chen, Qu, Zheng, Li, Yue, Liu, Pan, Huang et Fu, 2025.

 DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.260.150685

Photographs by Zhixi Fu.

Abstract

Impatiens meishanensis K.Huang & Z.X.Fu, sp. nov., a new species of Balsaminaceae from Meishan City, Sichuan Province, China, is described and illustrated. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of I. meishanensis is 152,104 bp in length. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the complete cp genome, I. meishanensis represents a distinct species closely related to Impatiens faberi Hook.f. The new species can be distinguished from the latter by its unique morphological characteristics: lower sepal gable-boat-shaped (vs. funnel-shaped), spur straight (vs. curved), flower large, ca. 4 cm long (vs. ca. 3 cm long), and seeds ellipsoid with reticulate seed coat ornamentation (vs. oblong, smooth). In addition, a distribution map, a detailed morphological comparison with related species, and an assessment of the conservation status of this newly identified species are provided.

Key words: Impatiens, new species, morphology, phylogeny

Impatiens meishanensis K.Huang & Z.X.Fu, sp. nov.
Flower dissected.      A. Leaves; B. Capsules; C. Seeds.

Photographed by Zhixi Fu. Scale bars: 1 cm.

Impatiens meishanensis K.Huang & Z.X.Fu, sp. nov.
A. Habit; B. Population; C. Flower in lateral view; D. Flower in face view; E. Plant.

Photographs by Zhixi Fu.

 Yanru Zhang, Xinyu Chen, Tianmeng Qu, Xinyi Zheng, Bo Li, Jieli Yue, Xiaoqin Liu, Min Pan, Ke Huang and Zhixi Fu. 2025. Impatiens meishanensis (Balsaminaceae), A New Species from Sichuan, China. PhytoKeys. 260: 97-113. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.260.150685

[Arachnida • 2020] Pholcus tongyaoi • Notes on Two closely related Spider Species of the Pholcus phungiformes species group (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Beijing, China

 

Pholcus tongyaoi  Wang & Yao,   

in Wang, Shaheen, He et Yao, 2020. 

 DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.965.56199

Abstract

The Pholcus phungiformes species group is highly diverse and currently contains 53 species. In this study, Pholcus tongyaoi Wang & Yao, sp. nov. (male, female) from Huairou District, Beijing, China is described while similar congener Pholcus lexuancanhi Yao, Pham & Li, 2012 from neighboring Haidian District (type locality) is redescribed; the female of P. lexuancanhi is described for the first time. In addition, the DNA barcode COI for the two species was obtained to estimate p-distance.

Keywords: daddy-long-leg spider, DNA barcode, morphology, Pholcinae, taxonomy

Pholcus tongyaoi sp. nov., live specimens and habitat
A, B adult and juvenile males in old house 
C, D adult male and female with egg-sac on rock walls
E, F habitat.

Photographs by T Jiang (IZCAS).

Pholcus tongyaoi Wang & Yao, sp. nov. 

 Xiang Wang, Shumaila Shaheen, Qiaoqiao He and Zhiyuan Yao. 2020. Notes on Two closely related Spider Species of the Pholcus phungiformes species group (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Beijing, China. ZooKeys. 965: 1-16. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.965.56199

[Arachnida • 2025] Phlogiellus khampheng • A New Species of Southeast Asian Dwarf Tarantula in the Genus Phlogiellus Pocock, 1897 (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Selenocosmiinae) from Lao PDR

 

Phlogiellus khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang,

in Sriranan, Songsangchote, Sihavong, Sayavongsa, Sidavong, Satakoun, Inkhavilay, Chomphuphuang et Gabriel, 2025. 

 DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1247.155398

Abstract

A new species of Southeast Asian dwarf tarantula, Phlogiellus khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang, sp. nov., is described from Pakse, Champasack Province, Lao PDR. The species is placed within the Yamia group of the genus Phlogiellus, which is characterized by the absence of maxillary lyra. Phlogiellus khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang, sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species within the Yamia group by the unique morphology of the female spermathecae and the male embolus. The habitat and natural history of P. khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang, sp. nov. are also discussed, with specimens found in mixed deciduous forests near Pakse, Lao PDR, inhabiting various microhabitats such as soil walls, under rocks, and within tree hollows. An updated comparison of scopula characteristics and labial cuspule counts across Phlogiellus species highlights the variability of these traits and their limitations as diagnostic features. Molecular phylogenetic analyses and species delimitation methods (ABGD and ASAP) further support the recognition of P. khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang, sp. nov. as a distinct species.

Key words: Distribution, Mygalomorphae, Tarantula, Taxonomy, Theraphosidae, Yamia

Phlogiellus khampheng sp. nov.
 A. Holotype ♂, NUoL00058–PKP0001; B. Paratype ♀, NUoL00058–PKP0003.

Phlogiellus khampheng sp. nov.
A. Non-type NUoL00058–PKP0006 ♀ adult carrying an egg sac; B. Subterranean system of silk tube retreats under rock.

Phlogiellus khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang, sp. nov.

Diagnosis. Phlogiellus khampheng sp. nov. was included in Phlogiellus based on the presence of a strong single retrolateral keel on the male embolus and a third claw on leg IV. P. khampheng sp. nov. is classified in the Yamia group (Kishida 1920) of Phlogiellus, similar to P. aper, P. birulai, P. brevipes, P. bundokalbo, P. daweiensis, P. longipalpus, P. moniqueverdezae, P. mutus, P. quanyui, P. raveni, and P. watasei due to the absence of maxillary lyra in female specimens. The P. khampheng sp. nov. differs from P. aper, P. birulai, P. brevipes, P. daweiensis, P. longipalpus, P. mutus, and P. watasei in having all metatarsal scopulae undivided, and differs from P. raveni and female P. bundokalbo in tarsal scopula division (divided on tarsus II, III and IV). The male P. khampheng sp. nov. differs from P. brevipes, P. daweiensis, P. moniqueverdezae, P. quanyui, P. raveni, and P. watasei, except P. longipalpus, by having a longer and more slender embolus with a distinct curve (Fig. 8). It can be further distinguished from P. moniqueverdezae by the narrower width at the base of the embolus. P. khampheng sp. nov. can also be distinguished from P. moniqueverdezae by geographical distribution with P. moniqueverdezae being found nearly 1,000 km away across the Gulf of Thailand. Furthermore, the male P. khampheng sp. nov. can be distinguished by the angle between the lowest and highest point of the embolus (ALH), which is 59°, compared to 77° in P. longipalpus and 44° in P. moniqueverdezae (Fig. 8). The female of P. khampheng sp. nov. differs from all other species in the Yamia group in the shape of the female spermathecae (Except female P. aper does not have described) which are twin receptacles with sub-apical buds (Fig. 6).

Etymology. The species name “Khampheng” originates from the Lao and Thai languages, particularly in the Northeastern region, where it is used as a term of endearment to refer to someone who is cherished and precious to the speaker. The word carries a strong connotation of deep affection and high esteem, and it is often used in a loving and respectful manner when addressing or describing a person of great importance in one’s life. By choosing this name, the authors sought to convey the special and valuable relationship between Thailand and Laos, the two countries that collaborated closely in the discovery of this remarkable new tarantula species. “Khampheng” symbolizes the mutual respect, friendship, and cooperation that enabled the two nations to work together in advancing our understanding of the natural world and the incredible biodiversity it contains.

 Patipan Sriranan, Chaowalit Songsangchote, Odeth Sihavong, Phoukhanh Sayavongsa, Keolamphanh Sidavong, Lilammone Satakoun, Khamla Inkhavilay, Narin Chomphuphuang and Ray Gabriel. 2025. A New Species of Southeast Asian Dwarf Tarantula in the Genus Phlogiellus Pocock, 1897, from Lao PDR (Theraphosidae, Selenocosmiinae). ZooKeys. 1247: 19-43. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1247.155398

 

[Botany • 2024] Anthurium dairon-cardenasii (Araceae) • A New Species of Anthurium sect. Belolonchium for Colombia

 

Anthurium dairon-cardenasii López-Flor., Croat & Marco Correa, 

in López-Floriano, Croat, Correa-Munera et Marroquín, 2024. 

DOI: doi.org/10.3417/2024870

 Researchgate.net/publication/378018292 

 facebook.com/InstitutoSINCHI

 Abstract  

A new species of Anthurium Schott (Araceae) is described, belonging to section Belolonchium (Schott) Engl. Anthurium dairon-cardenasii López-Flor., Croat & Marco Correa is dedicated in honor of the great botanist Dairon Cardenas López, who dedicated his life to the study of the Amazon. The species was recorded in Caquetá, Colombia, in a lower montane wet forest in the framework of the Caquetá BIO project.

KEYWORDS: Andes Mountains, Anthurium, Caquetá, section Belolonchium.

Anthurium dairon-cardenasii López-Flor., Croat & Marco Correa. 

Oscar Mauricio López-Floriano, Thomas B. Croat, Marco Aurelio Correa-Munera, María Raquel Millán Marroquín. 2024. Anthurium dairon-cardenasii, A New Species of Anthurium sect. Belolonchium (Araceae) for Colombia. Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature. 32(1); 33 - 38. DOI: doi.org/10.3417/2024870 

Researchgate.net/publication/378018292_Anthurium_dairon-cardenasii_New_Species_for_Colombia

 facebook.com/InstitutoSINCHI/posts/726483982960505

[Botany • 2025] Petrocodon parviflorus (Gesneriaceae) • A New Species identified by both morphological and molecular evidence from limestone caves in Guangxi, China

Petrocodon parviflorus F.Wen & K.Tan, 

in Liu, Tan, Chen, Bai, Xiong, He et Wen. 2025. 

 小冠石山苣苔 || DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.260.153384

Abstract

Petrocodon parviflorus, a new species of Gesneriaceae, is a typically cave-dwelling species from the limestone region in Guangxi, China. Morphologically, this new species resembles P. lui, but can be readily distinguished by differences in corolla limb lobe shape, calyx lobe surface texture, pistil style length, and central staminode length. Molecular evidence supports its close phylogenetic relationship with P. lui despite their morphological distinctness. Based on the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, this species is assessed as Vulnerable (VU, D2).

Key words: ITS, limestone flora, molecular phylogeny, Petrocodon, taxonomy, trnL-F

Petrocodon parviflorus F.Wen & K.Tan, sp. nov.
 A. Habitat; B. Habit; C. Plant in the wild (Photographed by Chi Xiong)

 Petrocodon parviflorus F.Wen & K.Tan, sp. nov.
A. Adaxial leaf surface; B. Abaxial leaf surface; C. Bracts; D. Calyx lobes (the first three are adaxial surface and the last two are abaxial surface); E. Inflorescence; F. Face view of corolla; G. Flower in side view; H. Opening flower showing stamens and staminode; I. Stamens; J. Pistil; K. Stigma; L. Disc (Photographed by Rui-ning Liu).

 Petrocodon parviflorus F.Wen & K.Tan, sp. nov.

 

Diagnosis. The new species resembles P. lui in leaf blade shape, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by corolla limb lobes oval (vs. oblong, obovate to suborbicular), longer style length 10–11.5 mm long (vs. 4–6 mm long), longer central staminode 1–1.3 mm long (vs. 0.5–0.8 mm long), calyx lobes sparsely puberulent abaxially (vs. glabrous abaxially).

Etymology. The epithet ‘parviflorus’ reflects the relatively small flowers. The corolla is distinctly smaller compared to other species previously classified under the former Lagarosolen W.T.Wang, particularly L. lui Yan Liu & W.B.Xu (syn. Petrocodon lui).

Vernacular name. 小冠石山苣苔 

(Chinese pronunciation, Xiáo Guàn Shí Shān Jù Tái).

 Rui-Ning Liu, Ke Tan, Ping-Ya Chen, Xin-Xiang Bai, Chi Xiong, Song-Tao He and Fang Wen. 2025. Petrocodon parviflorus (Gesneriaceae), A New Species identified by both morphological and molecular evidence from limestone caves in Guangxi, China. PhytoKeys. 260: 201-212. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.260.153384

[Botany • 2024] Burmeistera luciae (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae) • A New Species from the Pacific Slope of the Northwestern Andes of Colombia

Burmeistera luciae Zapata-Corr., Garzón & D. Ruiz-Mol., 

in Zapata-Correa, Garzón-Venegas, Holguín et Molina, 2024. 

DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.637.3.5  

 Researchgate.net/publication/378394385 

 

Abstract

A new species of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae) from the Pacific slope of the Northwestern Andes of Colombia, in the Antioquia and Chocó departments, is described. Burmeistera luciae is distinguished by being a hemiepiphytic herb with scandent and glabrous stems; ebracteate peduncle, obconic hypanthium, and its most particular feature, the filiform, ascending, and curved calyx lobes in anthesis; corolla lobes forming an obtuse angle in relation to the tube, falcate; ventral anthers barbate; ellipsoid berries that turn a striking fuchsia color when mature. These characters differentiate it from Burmeistera serraniaguae, B. succulenta, and B. crocodila, the three most morphologically similar species that also inhabit the humid Andean regions of the Chocó biogeographic region between Colombia and Ecuador. Additional comments related to its distribution, etymology, and conservation status are presented.

Antioquia, Asterales, Chocó biogeographic region, Neotropical flora, Eudicots

 Field images of Burmeistera luciae Zapata-Corr., Garzón & D. Ruiz-Mol.
A. Leaves, adaxial view. B. Leaves, abaxial view. C. Flower bud, lateral view. D. Flower at anthesis, lateral view; detail of ventral anthers barbate and stigma in lower left inset. E. Immature berry, lateral view. F. Mature berry, lateral view G. Mature fruit, cross-section.

A–G based on D. Zapata-C. et al. 3051. Photographs by Andrés F. Caro H.

Burmeistera luciae Zapata-Corr., Garzón & D. Ruiz-Mol., sp. nov.

 Details of flowers and fruits in three morphologically similar species.
 A-C. Burmeistera serraniaguae Garzón & F. González; A. Flower at anthesis, ventral view. B. Flower at anthesis. C. Mature berry.
D-F. Burmeistera succulenta H. Karst. & Triana; D. Flower bud. E. Flower at anthesis. F. Mature berry.
G-I. Burmeistera luciae Zapata-Corr., Garzón & D. Ruiz-Mol.; G. Flower bud. H. Flower at anthesis. I. Mature berry.

 A-C based on Garzón et al. 485; D-F based on Garzón 491; G-I based on D. Zapata-C. et al. 3051 (type).

Diego Alejandro ZAPATA-CORREA, Javier GARZÓN-VENEGAS, Andrés Felipe Caro HOLGUÍN and Daniel Ruiz MOLINA. 2024. A New Species of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae) from the Pacific Slope of the Northwestern Andes of Colombia. Phytotaxa. 637(3); 269-277. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.637.3.5 [2024-02-22] 

 Researchgate.net/publication/378394385_A_new_species_of_Burmeistera_from_the_Pacific_slope_of_the_northwestern_Andes_of_Colombia

[Botany • 2025] Glossoloma parvulina (Gesneriaceae) • Exploratory Research in Colombia’s Cordillera Oriental reveals A New Glossoloma with fimbriate calyx margins

 

Glossoloma parvulina Solano-C, D. Ruiz-Mol. & J.L. Clark, 

in Solano-C, Molina et Clark, 2025. 

DOI: doi.org/10.1007/s12228-024-09821-y  

 instagram.com/phinaea 

Abstract

A new species of Glossoloma is described from the premontane forests of the Cordillera Oriental in the eastern Andean slopes of Colombia. Glossoloma parvulina Solano-C, D. Ruiz-Mol. & J.L. Clark is differentiated from other congeners by the presence of minute fimbriate calyx margins. The new species is compared with all other currently known species of Glossoloma with fimbriate calyx margins, most of which also share an unbranched subshrub habit. Based on IUCN guidelines, a preliminary conservation status is assigned as Endangered (EN).

Keywords: Andes, Boyacá, Macarena Special Management Area, Neotropics, Taxonomy

Glossoloma parvulina Solano-C, D. Ruiz-Mol. & J.L. Clark, sp. nov. 

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word “parvus” meaning small, brief, or short. The name is in reference to the relatively small fimbria of the calyx margins (Figs. 2, 3C & 4A) compared to other Glossoloma with similar, but more elongate fimbriae (Fig. 1).

 Carlos A. Solano-C, Daniel Ruiz Molina and John L. Clark. 2025. Exploratory Research in Colombia’s Cordillera Oriental reveals A New Glossoloma (Gesneriaceae) with fimbriate calyx margins. Brittonia. 77, 122–128. DOI: doi.org/10.1007/s12228-024-09821-y [17 January 2025]

  instagram.com/p/DFJsVm5MtC7/phinaea 

[Botany • 2025] Dracula colombiana (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) • A New orchid Species with a history of misidentification in trade and collections

Dracula colombiana Baquero, Est.Domínguez & E.Parra, 

in Baquero, Vargas, Mesa et Parra-Sanchez, 2025. 

DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.706.1.6 

Researchgate.net/publication/392798308

 

Abstract

We describe and illustrate Dracula colombiana sp. nov. a new orchid species from the eastern Andes of Colombia, previously misidentified as D. benedictii in herbaria, private collections, and commercial trade. The new species resembles D. benedictii but can be distinguished by its solid pink lip with an ovate, glabrous epichile longer than the hypochile (vs. white, suborbicular epichile shorter than the hypochile) and sepals with brown-red papillae and pubescence (vs. purple black, verrucose sepals). Based on IUCN Red List criteria, we propose that the species be classified as Endangered (EN) under sub-criterion B2a, due to its restricted geographic distribution and the threats posed by potentially unsustainable harvesting. Conservation measures are urgently needed to protect natural populations, regulate its presence in the orchid trade, and address taxonomic misidentifications in global markets.

Endemism, epichilus, orchid trade, Western Colombian Andes, Monocots

Dracula colombiana Baquero, Est.Domínguez & E.Parra.
 A. Lateral view of column and lip in open and closed positions. B. ¾ view of the flower. C. Dissected perianth. D. Adaxial view of a petal and column in different positions. E. Habit. F. Lip in different positions.  

 Figure by Esteban Dominguez Vargas 

from type specimen (EDV-2635, HUA).

Dracula colombiana Baquero, Est.Domínguez & E.Parra, sp. nov.

Luis E. BAQUERO R., Esteban Dominguez VARGAS, Santiago MESA and Edicson PARRA-SANCHEZ. 2025. Dracula colombiana (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae), A New orchid Species with a history of misidentification in trade and collections.  Phytotaxa. 706(1); 81-90. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.706.1.6 [2025-06-19]

 Researchgate.net/publication/392798308_Dracula_colombiana_a_new_orchid_species_from_Colombia

[Botany • 2025] Columnea flavohirsuta (Gesneriaceae) • A New Species from the Chocó Biogeographic Region, and an Update on Some Columnea Circumscriptions

 

Columnea flavohirsuta J. L. Clark, 

in Clark, Clavijo et Skog, 2025. 

 DOI: doi.org/10.3417/2025989

 Researchgate.net/publication/393086458

Abstract

Recent field expeditions in the Chocó Biogeographic Region on the western Andean slopes of northwestern South America, as well as ongoing herbarium research, have led to the discovery of a new species of Columnea L. (Gesneriaceae) and prompted circumscriptions to be updated for some Columnea species. A new species, Columnea flavohirsuta J. L. Clark, is described and differentiated from a complex of morphologically similar species including C. minutiflora L. P. Kvist & L. E. Skog and C. herthae Mansf. The name C. parviflora C. V. Morton is recognized as a heterotypic synonym of C. herthae. The name C. tenensis (Wiehler) B. D. Morley is recognized as a heterotypic synonym of C. illepida H. E. Moore. The name C. reticulata Amaya-Márquez, L. E. Skog & G. E. González is recognized as a heterotypic synonym of C. purpureovittata (Wiehler) B. D. Morley. The taxonomic history of these species is discussed, and field images are provided to serve as aids for identification and a guide for future systematic studies of Columnea.

Keywords: Chocó Biogeographic Region, Colombia, Columnea, Ecuador, taxonomy

Field images of Columnea flavohirsuta J. L. Clark.
—A, B. Lateral views of flowers. —C. Mature fruit. —D. Ab-axial view of leaf blade. —E. Habit.

 A, J. L. Clark et al. 17206; B, J. L. Clark et al. 13429; C, J. L. Clark et al. 10432; D, J. L.Clark et al. 17206; E, J. L. Clark et al. 13429. Photos by John L. Clark. 

Columnea flavohirsuta J. L. Clark, sp. nov.

John L. Clark, Laura Clavijo and Laurence E. Skog. 2025. Columnea flavohirsuta (Gesneriaceae), A New Species from the Chocó Biogeographic Region, and an Update on Some Columnea Circumscriptions. Novon, A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature. 33; 71 - 82. DOI: doi.org/10.3417/2025989

 Researchgate.net/publication/393086458_Columnea_flavohirsuta_a_New_Species_from_the_Choco_Biogeographic_Region

 

[Herpetology • 2025] Blaesodactylus ganzhorni • An Updated Survey of Molecular Diversity in Madagascar's Velvet Geckos, Genus Blaesodactylus (Gekkonidae), with Description of A New Species from the island’s arid West

 

Blaesodactylus ganzhorni 

 Vences, Miralles, Ineich, Rakotoarison, Glasenapp, Scherz, Köhler, Glaw & Raselimanana 2025 

 DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5620.2.2

www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de

Photo: Miguel Vences

Abstract

Madagascar velvet geckos, genus Blaesodactylus, are classified in six species distributed over low-elevation sites across most of Madagascar. Based on DNA sequences of one mitochondrial and two nuclear-encoded gene fragments obtained from numerous newly collected tissue samples, we provide an updated review of their molecular variation. Our genetic screening confirms an extended distribution of B. ambonihazo, so far only known from its type locality Ankarafantsika, now reaching northwards to the Sahamalaza Peninsula. Compared to previously available molecular data, we also verify minor range extensions of B. boivini (southeastwards to Bezavona), B. antongilensis (northwards to the Marojejy Massif), and the B. sakalava complex. Samples assigned to B. sakalava according to current taxonomy fell into two mitochondrial sister lineages differing by about 8.5% pairwise distances in the 16S rRNA gene, lack of haplotype sharing in the nuclear-encoded CMOS gene, and various subtle but consistent differences in body proportions and scalation. We conclude that the lineage occurring in the South of Madagascar, encompassing known locations south of Morombe, corresponds to B. sakalava sensu stricto based on its type locality and morphological characters of its name-bearing type; and describe the lineage occurring in the West of Madagascar north of Morombe as a new species, Blaesodactylus ganzhorni sp. nov.

Squamata, Gekkonidae, Blaesodactylus sakalava, Blaesodactylus ganzhorni sp. nov., Blaesodactylus ambonihazo, Blaesodactylus boivini, distribution, taxonomy, Reptilia

Blaesodactylus ganzhorni sp. nov.

Miguel VENCES, Aurelien MIRALLES, Ivan INEICH, Andolalao RAKOTOARISON, Christian GLASENAPP, Mark D. SCHERZ, Jörn KÖHLER, Frank GLAW and Achille P. RASELIMANANA. 2025. An Updated Survey of Molecular Diversity in Madagascar's Velvet Geckos, Genus Blaesodactylus, with Description of A New Species from the island’s arid West. Zootaxa. 5620(2); 230-254. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5620.2.2 [2025-04-09]

Malagasy gecko species named after our former Prof Dr Jörg Ganzhorn

https://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/en/ueber-den-fachbereich/aktuelles/2025/0625-geckoart-ganzhorn.html

[Herpetology • 2025] Osornophryne backshalli • A New Andean Plump Toad of the Genus Osornophryne (Anura: Bufonidae) from Cerro Candelaria, Ecuador

  

Osornophryne backshalli   

Reyes-Puig​, Urgiles-Merchán, Ortega-Andrade, Cisneros-Heredia, Carrión-Olmedo & Yáñez-Muñoz, 2025

DOI: doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19760 

Abstract 

The amphibian genus Osornophryne is endemic to the northern Andes of South America and has long been considered rare. Recent explorations in the humid montane forests of the upper Pastaza Valley have uncovered previously unknown species. Here, we describe a new Andean toad species from the central Ecuadorian Andes, identified through genetic analyses and distinctive morphological and cranial traits. Osornophryne backshalli sp. nov., from Cerro Candelaria in the upper Pastaza River basin, is closely related to O. sumacoensis from Sumaco Volcano. This new species is characterized by a uniquely short fifth toe relative to toes I–III, triangular papillae on the snout tip, an occipital fold, large subconical and conical warts on the body, dorsal surfaces Brownish Olive with Spectrum Yellow and Light Neutral Gray flecks, ventral surfaces Brownish Olive with Spectrum Yellow bright blotches. Our phylogenetic analyses revise the genus taxonomy by delimiting two well-supported clades: the Osornophryne bufoniformis species group and the Osornophryne guacamayo species group. Furthermore, we show that the Pastaza River does not constitute a geographical barrier for Osornophryne distribution. These findings emphasize the value of continued exploration to expand our understanding of this genus in the humid montane forests of the Ecuadorian Andes.

Comparison of the live coloration within the type series of Osornophryne backshalli sp. nov.
(A) DHMECN 15260, female holotype; (B) DHMECN 18362, adult female paratype; (C) DHMECN 18364, adult male paratype; (D) DHMECN 18363, adult female paratype.

photo credit: Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz (A) and Juan P. Reyes-Puig (B, C, D).

Osornophryne backshalli sp. nov.

Osornophryne sp. nov. INABIO-Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (2023)

 

Proposed standard English name. Steve Backshall’s Andean Toad

Proposed standard Spanish name. Osornosapo de Steve Backshall

Diagnosis. Osornophryne backshalli sp. nov. is a member of clade B (O. guacamayo species group), and differs from all other species of the clade by the following combination of characters: (1) small to medium size toads (SVL = 22.08–29.68 mm in males, 30.09–35.4 mm on females; Table 2); (2) head slightly wider than long; (3) skin on dorsal surfaces and limbs finely granular with conical and subconical warts, males more tuberculated than females,ventral surfaces with subconic tubercles; (4) snout subacuminate in dorsal view, protruding in lateral profile, with pointed irregular papillae on the tip; (5) crista parotica slightly arched with finely glandular skin, posterior and oblique in relation to the orbit; zygomatic ramus of the squamosal elongated with a blunt anterior border, cultriform process with blunt anterior border; (6) glandular occipital folds present, discontinuous, dorsolateral folds absent, instead a row of discontinuous subconical tubercles on its place; (7) pelvic folds absent (8) limbs short, heels do not touch when adpressed; (9) fingers and toes with extensive and thick webbing, fingers visible, tips of Toes I, II, III almost indistinguishable, Toe V short, not elongated, slightly longer than Toe III, nuptial pads in males on the anterior part of Finger I; (10) dorsal surfaces Brownish Olive with Spectrum Yellow and Light Neutral Gray flecks, ventral surfaces Brownish Olive with Spectrum Yellow blotches; (11) short cloacal tube slightly projected medial to the thighs.

Life coloration and detailed dorsolateral view showing sexual dimorphism of  Osornophryne backshalli sp. nov.
  (A) DHMECN 15260, holotype, adult female; (B) DHMECN 18364, paratype, adult female; (C) DHMECN 18364 paratype, adult male.

Photo credit: Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz (A) and Juan P. Reyes-Puig (B, C).

Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of the explorer and television presenter Steve Backshall, of London, UK. He has raised awareness of nature around the world and has, through his patronage of the World Land Trust, contributed directly to the conservation of the Corredor de Conectividad Llanganates-Sangay, the habitat of this particular species and many others.

Juan P. Reyes-Puig​, Miguel A. Urgiles-Merchán, H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, Julio C. Carrión-Olmedo and Mario H. Yáñez-Muñoz. 2025. New Andean Plump Toad of the Genus Osornophryne (Anura: Bufonidae) from Cerro Candelaria, Ecuador. PeerJ. 13:e19760 DOI: doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19760  [July 23, 2025]

[Herpetology • 2025] Crossodactylodes alairi • Historical Fragmentation in Atlantic Forest Explains the Diversification of a Clade of Mountaintop Bromeligenous Frogs (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Crossodactylodes)

Crossodactylodes alairi

 Santos, Gehara, Oswald, Ferreira, Santos, Garcia, Zamudio, Haddad & Magalhães, 2025

DOI: doi.org/10.1111/zsc.70001 

 Researchgate.net/publication/393606454

ABSTRACT

The Atlantic Forest domain is a biodiversity hotspot with remarkable amphibian diversity, including over 700 species, 70% of which are endemic. Most of these endemic species have restricted geographic ranges, often confined to mountainous areas, as exemplified by the leptodactylid genus Crossodactylodes. These frogs are characterised by small body sizes, a bromeligenous habit and limited dispersal abilities, with species often restricted to their type localities. Previous studies have revealed geographically structured lineages within the genus, even when separated by short distances. Here, we focused on a clade of Crossodactylodes comprising three lineages from southeastern Brazil, inhabiting montane forest ‘islands’ distinct from surrounding lowland areas regarding vegetation structure and microclimate. We integrated genetic, geographic, morphometric and qualitative morphological data to assess species boundaries through species delimitation analyses and validation procedures. This integrative approach provided evidence supporting the recognition of one lineage as a distinct taxonomic entity, which we formally describe herein as Crossodactylodes alairi sp. nov. Additionally, we applied coalescent simulations and supervised machine-learning approaches to evaluate alternative diversification hypotheses. Our results provide strong support for fragmentation models, suggesting that divergences within the focal lineages were driven by climate-related habitat fragmentation during the Plio-Pleistocene. Given that these lineages inhabit a non-macrorefugium region of the Atlantic Forest, their evolutionary trajectories were likely shaped by survival in isolated microrefugia that offered stable and suitable microclimatic conditions amidst broader environmental changes.

Keywords: Anura, integrative taxonomy, microendemism, microrefugia, Paratelmatobiinae, speciation, species delimitation

Geographic distribution of the three lineages addressed in this study (FG, ST and SL), which occur on distinct mountaintops within the Atlantic Forest in the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. The inset in the bottom right corner shows the vegetation structure in the locality where lineage SL occurs, characterised by low trees, the presence of shrubs and lichens and a high density of epiphytic and ground bromeliads (photo: A. P. Araújo).

Crossodactylodes alairi sp. nov., holotype in life (UFMG-AMP 14201, male, SVL 21.1 mm).

Crossodactylodes alairi sp. nov.

 

Crossodactylodes bokermanni—Almeida et al. (2011, 557 [their appendix 1], in part);

Montesinos et al. (2012, 112 [their appendix 1]).

Diagnosis. Crossodactylodes alairi is diagnosable from its congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) absence of vomerine odontophores; (2) adult males lacking vocal slits; (3) absence of dorsolateral fold; (4) inner metacarpal tubercle in adult males weakly widened; (5) discs of fingers II–IV slightly expanded; (6) hindlimbs lacking transverse bars; (7) skin on males dorsum coarsely granular; (8) SVL 17.2–18.6 mm (females) and 17.0–21.1 mm (males); (9) in life, iris uniformly dark brown or light brown with dark brown fine reticulations; (10) upper eyelid margin granular, with a pronounced tubercle in its medial region; (11) disc of Finger I rounded; (12) medial region of the upper lip not anteriorly projected.

Etymology. The specific epithet honours Alair Tedesco, a park ranger who worked at Parque Estadual do Forno Grande for 27 years, dedicating much of his life to conserving the region. Even in retirement, he continues to collaborate with researchers and visitors, enthusiastically sharing his vast knowledge of the area. 

Suggested common names: Alair's bromeliad frog (English); rãzinha-de-bromélia-de-Alair (Portuguese).

Marcus Thadeu T. Santos, Marcelo Gehara, Caroline B. Oswald, Rodrigo B. Ferreira, Fabrício R. Santos, Paulo C. A. Garcia, Kelly R. Zamudio, Célio F. B. Haddad and Rafael F. Magalhães. 2025. Historical Fragmentation in Atlantic Forest Explains the Diversification of a Clade of Mountaintop Bromeligenous Frogs (Leptodactylidae: Crossodactylodes). Zoologica Scripta. DOI: doi.org/10.1111/zsc.70001 [11 July 2025]

  Researchgate.net/publication/393606454_Diversification_of_Crossodactylodes_a_Clade_of_Mountaintop_Bromeligenous_Frogs

[Botany • 2025] Ainsliaea erectifolia & A. laxiflora (Asteraceae: Pertyoideae) • Two New Species from Southeast China: Based on Morphological Characters and Phylogenetic Evidence

Ainsliaea erectifolia X.X.Su & S.P.Chen, 

in Zhou, Su, Wei, Ma et Chen, 2025. 

DOI: doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71088  

 Researchgate.net/publication/389632794

 

ABSTRACT

Two new species of Ainsliaea (Asteraceae: Pertyoideae), Ainsliaea erectifolia X.X.Su and S.P.Chen and Ainsliaea laxiflora X.X.Su and S.P.Chen, both from Fujian, Southeast China, are described and illustrated here. Morphologically, A. erectifolia is similar to A. simplicissima, but can be distinguished by both surfaces of leaves being glabrous and the capitulum bearing 3 flowers. A. laxiflora is similar to A. polystachya, but differs by its rosette leaves aggregating near the middle part of the stem, the capitulum bearing 3 flowers, the terminal inflorescence rachilla shorter than lateral rachillae, anthers lower than corolla lobes, and style equal to or slightly higher than corolla lobes. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the two new species were closely related to each other and belong to section Aggregatae. These two species have currently been assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) according to the IUCN guidelines. Furthermore, the complete plastid genomes of these two new species are reported. This study not only introduces two new Ainsliaea species but also provides their plastid genome data, offering valuable genetic resources for understanding the evolutionary history of the genus Ainsliaea.

Keywords: Asteraceae, morphology, new species, phylogeny, plastid genome, taxonomy

Habitat and morphology of Ainsliaea erectifolia.
(A, B) Habitat. (C) Inflorescence. (D) Holotype. (E) Leaves (adaxial and abaxial surface). (F) Capitulum (front view and side view). (G) Flower. (H) Style and stigma with synantherous stamens. (I) Fruit.

Ainsliaea erectifolia X.X.Su and S.P.Chen sp. nov.

Diagnosis: This species is morphologically similar to Ainsliaea simplicissima M. J. Zhang & H. Q. Li, from which it differs by the leaves both surfaces being glabrous and the capitulum bearing 3 flowers.

Etymology: The species epithet refers to the first leaf of the plant being initially erect when it emerges.

 Vernacular Name: Simplified Chinese: 竖叶兔耳风; 

Chinese pinyin: shù-yè-tù-ěr-fēng.

Habitat and morphology of Ainsliaea laxiflora.
 (A, B) Habitat. (C) Holotype. (D) Inflorescence. (E) Leaves (adaxial and abaxial surface). (F) Capitulum (front view and side view). (G) Flower. (H) Style and stigma with synantherous stamen. (I) Juvenile fruit. (J) Fruit.

Ainsliaea laxiflora X.X.Su and S.P.Chen sp. nov.

Diagnosis: This species is similar to Ainsliaea polystachya X. X. Su & M. J. Zhang, but can be distinguished by its rosette leaves aggregated near the middle part of the stem, capitulum bearing three flowers, terminal inflorescence rachilla shorter than lateral rachillae, anthers lower than corolla lobes, and style equal to or slightly higher than corolla lobes.

Etymology: The species epithet refers to its inflorescence, which is lax, with loose-flowered.

  Vernacular Name: Simplified Chinese: 疏花兔耳风; 

Chinese pinyin: shū-huā-tù-ěr-fēng.

Cheng-Yuan Zhou, Xiangxiu Su, Chunyi Wei, Liang Ma and Shi-Pin Chen. 2025. Two New Ainsliaea Species (Asteraceae: Pertyoideae) from Southeast China: Based on Morphological Characters and Phylogenetic Evidence. Ecology and Evolution. DOI: doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71088 [06 March 2025]

 Researchgate.net/publication/389632794_Two_New_Ainsliaea_Species_from_Southeast_China