[Botany • 2026] Sinningia pampeana (Gesneriaceae) • A New Species from the Pampa's rocky outcrops in southern Brazil and Uruguay

 

Sinningia pampeana G.E.Ferreira and Chautems, 
  

in Ferreira, Spiazzi, Barbieri, Chautems et Araújo, 2026.

DOI: doi.org/10.1002/njb.05231 

Abstract

Sinningia pampeana is a new rupicolous species from the rocky outcrops of the Pampa biome in southern Brazil and Uruguay. Morphological analyses based on herbarium material, field observations, and detailed illustrations support its recognition as a distinct species from Sinningia sellovii. Sinningia pampeana is restricted to rock outcrops within the Pampa grasslands, where populations are threatened by grazing, habitat degradation, and potential mining activities. Given the current uncertainty regarding its distribution and sampling completeness, a preliminary conservation assessment of ‘Data Deficient' (DD) is proposed under IUCN criteria.

Keywords: Gesneriaceae, new species, Pampa biome, rocky outcrops, Sinningia

Sinningia pampeana sp. nov. (A) Corolla, frontal view, (B) inflorescence, detail, (C) trichome structure, (D) ovary, transverse section showing the nectary consisting of two separate dorsal glands, (E) ovary, style, and nectary, (F) calyx and corolla showing stamens, (G) coherent anthers, detail, (H) corolla throat, detail showing stamens and anthers, (I) immature capsule, (J) habit.

Drawn from Jarenkow and Garcia 3607.

Morphology of Sinningia pampeana sp. nov.
 (A) Habitat on rocky outcrop, (B) inflorescence in the shrub vegetation, (C) inflorescence, (D) habit, (E) axillary flowers, (F) close-up of the calyx and corolla.

Photo by A. Chautems.

Sinningia pampeana G.E.Ferreira and Chautems sp. nov. 

Diagnosis: Sinningia pampeana differs from S. sellovii by its consistently red, horizontally oriented corollas (versus whitish pink to lilac or yellowish and pendent corollas), included anthers (versus exserted), a slightly bilabiate limb with enlarged dorsal lobes (versus a corolla tubular with subequal lobes), and the presence of only one to ca four flowers per bract axil (versus 3–9 flowers).

Etymology: The specific epithet ‘pampeana' refers to the Pampa biome, characterized by grasslands and rocky outcrops across southern Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. The name derives from the Quechua word ‘pampa', meaning ‘plain' or ‘open field'.

Gabriel Emiliano Ferreira, Daniel Alves Spiazzi, Pedro Henrique Sonsim Barbieri, Alain Chautems and Andréa Onofre Araújo. 2026. Sinningia pampeana sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from the Pampa's rocky outcrops in southern Brazil and Uruguay. Nordic Journal of Botany. DOI: doi.org/10.1002/njb.05231 [24 June 2026]

[Arachnida • 2024] Plesiopelma arevaloae • A New Species of Plesiopelma (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae) from Uruguay

Plesiopelma arevaloae 

Arias, Hilario, Ferretti & Pérez-Miles, 2024

  https://boletimcn.museu-goeldi.br/bcnaturais 

 Researchgate.net/publication/391256408

Abstract

We describe and illustrate a new tarantula species of the genus Plesiopelma from Lavalleja and Maldonado, Uruguay. Plesiopelma arevaloae sp. nov. is distinguished from other known species by morphological characters and molecular evidence.

Keywords: Taxonomy, Morphology, Molecular, Tarantula

Plesiopelma arevaloae sp. nov.

Victoria Arias, Maite Hilario, Nelson Ferretti and Fernando Pérez-Miles. 2024. A New Species of Plesiopelma from Uruguay (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae).  Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Naturais. 19(3); DOI: doi.org/10.46357/bcnaturais.v19i3.1001  

https://boletimcn.museu-goeldi.br/bcnaturais/en/article/view/1001

 Researchgate.net/publication/391256408_A_new_species_of_Plesiopelma_from_Uruguay

[Arachnida • 2024] Neonella almita • A New Species of Neonella Gertsch, 1936 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini), new records and conservation issues for the genus from Uruguay

 

Neonella almita Hagopián & Simó,

in Hagopián, Cajade, Maldonado, Pompozzi, Laborda et Simó. 2024. 

DOI: doi.org/10.13156/arac.2024.19.9.1143 

  Researchgate.net/publication/385522126

Abstract

A new species of Neonella Gertsch, 1936 is described from Uruguay: N. almita n. sp., which inhabits natural grasslands. Additionally, first records of N. acostae Rubio, Argañaraz & Gleiser, 2015, and new records of N. lubrica Galiano, 1988, N. minuta Galiano, 1965, and N. montana Galiano, 1988 are given. Illustrations of the habitus, sexual characters, photographs of living specimens, natural history data and a distribution map of species of Neonella from Uruguay are provided. Conservation issues based on distributional patterns of the species are proposed.

 KEYWORDS: conservation, Jumping spiders, natural history, taxonomy

Neonella almita n. sp., photographs in vivo.
A grassland with Saccharum angustifolium (Nees) Trin;
B, D, F male; C, E, G female.

Salticidae Blackwall, 1841

Salticinae Blackwall, 1841

Euophryini Simon, 1901

Neonella Gertsch, 1936

Neonella Gertsch, 1936: 24 

(type species by monotypy: Neonella vinnula Gertsch, 1936).

Neonella almita Hagopián & Simó n. sp. 

Etymology: The specific epithet is a Spanish noun in apposition and means ‘small soul’, in reference to the small size of the species and because it is one of the smallest jumping spiders in the world. 

Damián Hagopián, Manuel Cajade, M. Belén Maldonado, Gabriel Pompozzi, Álvaro Laborda and Miguel Simó. 2024. A New Species of Neonella Gertsch, 1936 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini), new records and conservation issues for the genus from Uruguay. Arachnology. 19(9):1143-1151. DOI: doi.org/10.13156/arac.2024.19.9.1143 [13 November 2024] 

 Researchgate.net/publication/385522126_A_new_species_of_Neonella_from_Uruguay

[Ichthyology • 2025] Phalloceros mimbi • A New Species of the Phalloceros harpagos species complex (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) from the middle and lower Uruguay River Floodplains

 

Phalloceros mimbi

 Serra, Scarabino, Gobel & Laufer, 2025

DOI: doi.org/10.30550/j.azl/2096 

 Researchgate.net/publication/390504997

Abstract

Phalloceros mimbi sp. nov. is described from specimens collected in the floodplains of the middle and lower Uruguay River in Uruguay (Río Negro and Salto Departments) and Argentina (Entre Ríos Province). This species belongs to the P. harpagos species complex and is diagnosed by the following unique combination of characters: 1) presence of a symmetric hood-like structure located immediately anterior to the urogenital papilla in females, 2) absence of large papillae at the mandibular symphysis of large adult females, 3) possession of well-developed hooks positioned in distal portion of gonopodial appendices of males and 4) lateral spot usually present in both sexes. To date, P. mimbi has not been found coexisting in sympatry with other Phalloceros species. The geographically closest species is P. caudimaculatus, who differs from P. mimbi by the absence of hooks in gonopodial appendix in males. Two of the three known populations of P. mimbi are relatively protected from the main threats to the species. However, conservation initiatives should consider its presence and ensure that it receives the necessary attention; considering that its global distribution occupies less than 200.000 km2 and its occurrence area represents less than 10% of the national territory it must be considered a priority for conservation and an Threatened Species for the species list of Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas (SNAP) of Uruguay.

Keywords: Poeciliinae, freshwater fishes, conservation, Argentina, Uruguay

Phalloceros mimbi sp. nov. 

 

Wilson Serra, Fabrizio Scarabino, Noelia Gobel and Gabriel Laufer. 2025. A New Species of the Phalloceros harpagos species complex (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) from the middle and lower Uruguay River floodplains. Acta Zoológica Lilloana. 309–326. DOI: doi.org/10.30550/j.azl/2096 

 Researchgate.net/publication/390504997_A_new_species_of_Phalloceros_from_the_middle_and_lower_Uruguay_River_floodplains

[PaleoIchthyology • 2024] Reconstructing an Ancient Fish: Three-dimensional Skeletal Restoration of the Head of Mawsonia (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) using CT Scan, and an adjusted model for body size estimation in fossil coelacanths

 Head of Mawsonia (Sarcopterygii, Actinistia)

in Toriño, Dutel, Soto, Norbis, Ezquerra & Perea, 2024. 

DOI: 10.1111/joa.14054 

 x.com/PabloTorino4

Abstract

Mawsonia constitutes one of the most conspicuous fossil coelacanth taxa, due to its unique anatomy and possible maximum body size. It typifies Mesozoic coelacanth morphology, before the putative disappearance of the group in the fossil record. In this work, the three-dimensional cranial anatomy and body size estimations of this genus are re-evaluated from a recently described specimen from Upper Jurassic deposits of Uruguay. The 3D restoration was performed directly on the material based on anatomical information provided by the living coelacanth Latimeria and previous two-dimensional restorations of the head of Mawsonia. The montage was then scanned with computed tomography and virtually adjusted to generate an interactive online resource for future anatomical, taxonomic and biomechanical research. In general terms, the model constitutes a tool to improve both the anatomical knowledge of this genus and its comparison with other coelacanths. It also facilitates the evaluation of possible evolutionary trends and the discussion of particular features with potential palaeobiological implications, such as the anterior position of the eye and the development of the pseudomaxillary fold. Regarding the body size, a previous model for body size estimation based on the gular plate was submitted to OLS, RMA, segmented linear and PGLS regressions (including the evaluation of regression statistics, variance analysis, t-tests and residual analysis). The results point to a power relationship between gular and total lengths showing a better support than a simple linear relationship. The new resulting equations were applied to the studied individual and are provided for future estimates. Although an isometric evolutionary growth cannot be rejected with the available evidence, additional models developed with other bones will be necessary to evaluate possible hidden evolutionary allometric trends in this group of fishes, thus avoiding overestimates.

Keywords: 3D reconstruction, body size, coelacanths, computed tomography, Mawsonia

  

 

Pablo Toriño, Hugo Dutel, Matías Soto, Walter Norbis, Víctor Ezquerra and Daniel Perea. 2024. Reconstructing an Ancient Fish: Three-dimensional Skeletal Restoration of the Head of Mawsonia (Sarcopterygii, Actinistia) using CT Scan, and an adjusted model for body size estimation in fossil coelacanths. Journal of Anatomy. DOI: 10.1111/joa.14054 

 x.com/PabloTorino4/status/1791310290782494804

[Botany • 2020] Antiphytum charruasorum (Boraginaceae) • White Flowers in South America: A New Species of Antiphytum from western Uruguay

Antiphytum charruasorum

in Mendoza-Díaz, Díaz, Brussa, Muñoz, Bonifacino & Flores-Olvera, 2020.  

DOI: 10.1600/036364420X16033963649291

Abstract

Antiphytum charruasorum, a new endemic species from western Uruguay, is described. This is the only South American species in the genus with white corolla and an infra-medial cicatrix on the ventral face of the eremocarp, both features shared with the North American species of Antiphytum, in sharp contrast with the blue corolla and the basal cicatrix at the end of a stipe-like prolongation that characterizes all South American species in the genus. Antiphytum charruasorum increases the diversity of the genus in South America, as well as the endemism and distribution range into Uruguay. Moreover, this new species adds novel features in Antiphytum such as the irregularly dichasial inflorescences, the hirsute faucal appendages, the eremocarps with a tissue plug from the gynobase, and the habitat where the species has been reported.

Nidia Mendoza-Díaz, Marina Díaz, Patricia Brussa, Fabián Muñoz, José M. Bonifacino and Hilda Flores-Olvera. 2020. White Flowers in South America: A New Species of Antiphytum (Echiochiloideae, Boraginaceae). Systematic Botany. 45(4); 913-920. DOI: 10.1600/036364420X16033963649291

 twitter.com/MatimAndrade/status/1362728218495696897

[Herpetology • 2020] Chironius gouveai • Taxonomic Revision of Chironius bicarinatus (Wied 1820) (Serpentes: Colubridae), with Description of A New Species

Chironius gouveai

Entiauspe-Neto, Lyra, Koch, Quintela, Abegg & Loebmann, 2020

DOI: 10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-19-00013.1 

 twitter.com/EntiauspeM

Abstract

Chironius bicarinatus is a conspicuous colubrid snake species, widely distributed in northeastern, southeastern, central-western, and southern Brazil, as well as Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay. On the basis of new morphological data of individuals from previously unsampled regions and deoxyribonucleic acid sequences, we reviewed the taxonomy of populations previously referred to as C. bicarinatus, revisiting the species definition with an updated diagnosis, inferring its phylogenetic relationships with closely related lineages in southern Brazil, herein described as a new species restricted to Pampa forests or grasslands and Atlantic Forest semidecidual forests in southern Brazil. The new species can be readily diagnosed from C. bicarinatus and all other congeners on the basis of internal (hemipenis unilobed, unicalyculate, cylindrical, apex with smooth calyces, with spinules restricted to proximal portion, near the medial area; lacrimal foramen with small projection on the anteroventral margin) and external morphology (ventrals 153–165 [153–165 in males, 155–164 in females]; subcaudals 103–146 pairs [129–142 in males, 103–146 in females]; adult dorsal pattern with dark green background, scales sometimes with light blue margin, two conspicuous black dorsal stripes with light green vertebral stripe between them that gradually dissipates to the tail, ventrals with black margin on its edges) and molecular evidence.

Chironius gouveai

Chironius bicarinatus 

Omar Machado Entiauspe-Neto, Mariana Lúcio Lyra, Claudia Koch, Fernando Marques Quintela, Arthur Diesel Abegg and Daniel Loebmann. 2020. Taxonomic Revision of Chironius bicarinatus (Wied 1820) (Serpentes: Colubridae), with Description of A New Species. Herpetological Monographs. 34(1); 98-115. DOI: 10.1655/HERPMONOGRAPHS-D-19-00013.1  twitter.com/EntiauspeM/status/1288576221740183553

twitter.com/ccostah/status/1288617981157806086/

[Ichthyology • 2018] Gymnogeophagus peliochelynion • A New Mouth Brooder Species of Gymnogeophagus with Hypertrophied Lips (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) from A Tributary of the río Uruguay

Gymnogeophagus peliochelynion

Turcati, Serra-Alanis & Malabarba, 2018

DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20180118  

ABSTRACT

A new mouth breeder species of Gymnogeophagus is described from a tributary of the río Uruguay. It is distinguished from most species of the genus by the presence of hypertrophied lips, and from G. labiatus and G. pseudolabiatus by the color pattern. The presence of successive allopatric species of the Gymnogeophagus gymnogenys clade inhabiting the tributaries of the río Uruguay is discussed.

Keywords: Distribution; Endemism; Gymnogeophagus gymnogenys clade; New species; Río Uruguay

Fig. 2 Head of Gymnogeophagus peliochelynion (first column), G. pseudolabiatus (second column) and G. mekinos (third column) showing the entirely black hump in males in G. peliochelynion (vs. yellow with black margin), and upper lip not folded dorsally over anterior margin of snout (vs. upper lip folded dorsally in G. pseudolabiatus and undeveloped in G. mekinos).
G. peliochelynion from top to bottom, paratype, ZVC-P 13210, paratype, 76.3 mm SL; ZVC-P 7016, 89.9 mm SL; ZVC-P 13057, 90.2 mm SL.
 G. pseudolabiatus from top to bottom, paratype, UFRGS 7754, 102.0 mm SL; MHNM 4010, 88.8 mm SL; MHNM 4010, 95.3 mm SL.
G. mekinos from top to bottom, MHNM 3511, 105.1 mm SL; MHNM 3511, 97.2 mm SL; MHNM 4009, 121.3 mm SL. 

Fig. 4 Gymnogeophagus peliochelynion: top, holotype, male, ZVC-P 12493, 101.9 SL; bottom, paratype, female, UFRGS 8076, 77.2 SL. Both from arroyo de las Tunas on road 31, tributary of río Arapey Grande, Salto, Uruguay. Photographs taken just after collection and fixation in formalin.

Gymnogeophagus peliochelynion, new species

Diagnosis. The new species can be distinguished from the species of the Gymnogeophagus rhabdotus group and from G. balzanii by the shape of the caudal peduncle longer than deep (vs. deeper than long). It is distinguished from all congeners, except G. labiatus and G. pseudolabiatus, by the possession of thick lips. It differs from G. labiatus and G. lacustris by the lack of an oblique bar from the eye to the dorsal-fin origin (vs. oblique bar present), and by the color pattern of the caudal, dorsal and anal fins with dots (vs. caudal fin and posterior portion of anal fin with longitudinal hyaline stripes). It differs from G. pseudolabiatus and G. mekinos by the hump entirely black in males (Fig. 2; vs. yellow with black margin), and upper lip not folded dorsally over anterior margin of snout (vs. upper lip folded dorsally, usually with a well-developed medial lobe dorsally projected in G. pseudolabiatus).

....

Ecological notes. The new species was collected in rivers with clear water, usually with rocky or muddy bottom and little vegetation.

Etymology. The name peliochelynion is from the Greek pelios, meaning black and blue, and chelyne, meaning lip, in reference to the color of the lips of the new species. A name in apposition.

Fig. 5 Gymnogeophagus peliochelynion: above, paratype, male, ZVC-P 13210, paratype, 76.3 mm SL, río Arapey, Colonia Lavalleja, Paso Elías, Salto, Uruguay; below, female, ZVC-P 13057, 65.3 mm SL, Arroyo Sopas, Paso del Cementerio, Salto, Uruguay. Photographs of live specimens.

Andréia Turcati, Wilson Sebastián Serra-Alanis and Luiz R. Malabarba. 2018. A New Mouth Brooder Species of Gymnogeophagus with Hypertrophied Lips (Cichliformes: Cichlidae). Neotrop. ichthyol. 16(4). DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20180118 

 twitter.com/MJBernt/status/1072211391392727041

RESUMEN: Una nueva especie incubadora bucal de Gymnogeophagus es descripta de un tributario del Río Uruguay. Se distingue de la mayoría de las especies del género por la presencia de labios hipertrofiados, y de G. labiatus y G. pseudolabiatus por su patrón de coloración. Se discute la presencia de sucesivas especies alopátricas del clado Gymnogeophagus gymnogenys habitando los tributarios del Río Uruguay.

Palabras Clave: Distribución; Endemismo; Clado Gymnogeophagus gymnogenys; Especie nueva; Río Uruguay

[Ichthyology • 2018] Austrolebias queguay • A New Species of Annual Killifish (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae) Endemic to the lower Uruguay River Basin

Austrolebias queguay

Serra & Loureiro, 2018  

  DOI: 10.3897/zse.94.29115  

Abstract
In this article we describe a new species of the annual fish genus Austrolebias from the lower Uruguay river basin. The fusion of the urogenital papilla to the first anal fin ray in males and the pigmentation pattern, indicates a close relationship with the clade formed by A. bellottii, A. melanoorus, and A. univentripinnis. The new species can be differentiated from those by the following combination of characters: presence of well-defined light bands contrasting with the sides of the body, the distal portion of the anal fin dark gray, pelvic fins dark bluish green and bases united at about 50–80% on their medial margins, pectoral fins with iridescent blue sub-marginal band, and general coloration of body bluish green. The new species can only be found in wetlands of the Queguay river, an area included in the Uruguayan protected areas system and represents so far the only annual fish species endemic to the lower Uruguay river basin.

Key Words: Austrolebias bellottii species group, Systematics, La Plata basin

Austrolebias queguay sp. n. 
Figure 2. A. paratype male (ZVCP 11620); B. non type male, not preserved (right side, photo flipped)

Figure 2. A. Austrolebias queguay sp. n. paratype male (ZVCP 11620); B. A. queguay non type male, not preserved (right side, photo flipped); C. i non preserved male; D. A. univentripinnis male (UFRGS 18064, right side photo flipped); E. A. melanoorus topotype male (ZVCP13651); F. Detail of pectoral and pelvic fins of A. melanoorus; G. Detail of pectoral and pelvic fins of  A. queguay.

Figure 3. A. Austrolebias queguay sp. n. female: paratype ZVCP 11620; B. A. bellottii female (ZVCP 11560); C. A. univentripinnis female (UFRGS 18066); D. A. melanoorus topotype female (ZVCP 13651).

Austrolebias queguay sp. n.

Austrolebias sp. in Loureiro et al. (2018)

Diagnosis: The new species differs from all the other species of the genus except Austrolebias bellottii, A. univentripinnis and A. melanoorus, by the presence of the urogenital papilla attached to the anal fin in males (vs. free from the anal fin). It differs from A. bellottii and A. univentripinnis by the presence of well-defined light blue bands contrasting with the sides of the body in adult males (vs. vertical rows of light blue dots) (Fig. 2); from A. melanoorus, by the presence of dark gray coloration of the distal portion of the anal fin in males (vs. distal portion of anal-fin black), pelvic-fins dark bluish green (observed in ventral view) and bases united at about 50–80% on their medial margins (vs. dark gray and united about 50% or less), pectoral-fins with iridescent blue sub-marginal band (vs. sub-marginal band absent), and general coloration of the body bluish green (vs. grayish sky blue).

 Figure 6. Geographic distribution of Austrolebias queguay sp. n. (orange dots, Uruguay river basin), A. bellottii (yellow dots, Paraná and Uruguay river basins), A. melanoorus (red dots, Negro and Yaguarón river basins), and A. univentripinnis (green dots, Yaguaron river basin). Orange star indicates type locality.

Figure 7. Type locality of Austrolebias queguay sp. n., wetlands of middle Queguay river basin.

Etymology: The specific name, queguay, is in reference to Queguay river basin, the type locality of the new species, treated as a noun in apposition to the generic name.

Distribution: Austrolebias queguay is endemic to the wetlands of middle Queguay river basin (30 meters above sea level), Paysandú Department, Uruguay, which flows to the lower Uruguay river (Fig. 6).

Ecology: As many species of the family Rivulidae, A. queguay presents an annual life cycle which includes drought resistant eggs and diapausing embryos. All species of Austrolebias are obligate annuals (Berois et al. 2016). In the Pampa biome there is not a defined dry season, so dried environments can be found between mid spring to early fall (depending on the year), when evaporation is higher than precipitations (Williams 2006; García et al. 2017). Austrolebias species can be found in small grassland ponds and seasonal floodplain wetlands; however the new species has been found so far only in the latter environments (Fig. 7).


 Wilson S. Serra and Marcelo Loureiro. 2018. Austrolebias queguay (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae), A New Species of Annual Killifish Endemic to the lower Uruguay River Basin. Zoosystematics and Evolution. 94(2): 547-556.  DOI: 10.3897/zse.94.29115

[PaleoMammalogy • 2018] Neoglyptatelus uruguayensis • A New Species of Neoglyptatelus (Xenarthra, Cingulata) from the Late Miocene of Uruguay Provides New Insights on the Evolution of the Dorsal Armor in Cingulates

Neoglyptatelus uruguayensis 

Fernicola, Rinderknecht, Jones, Vizcaíno & Porpino, 2018

DOI: 10.5710/AMGH.02.12.2017.3150 
 twitter.com/Ameghiniana

Abstract

The genus Neoglyptatelus Carlini, Vizcaíno and Scillato-Yané has been considered a member of Glyptatelinae, a group encompassing the purportedly basal-most glyptodonts. It is up to now represented by two species from Colombia: Neoglyptatelus originalis Carlini, Vizcaíno and Scillato-Yané, from the middle Miocene (a carapace fragment, isolated osteoderms and postcranial bones), and Neoglyptatelus sincelejanus Villarroel and Clavijo, from the middle or late Miocene (a partial carapace and a caudal armor). More scarce material assigned to this genus was recovered from the late Miocene of Uruguay and Brazil. In this article, we describe a new species, Neoglyptatelus uruguayensis, from the late Miocene Camacho Formation, Uruguay, based on an almost complete carapace and several postcranial bones. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis based on 167 morphological characters (23 new ones and 144 from previous analysis) scored for 19 taxa, encompassing some of the best known glyptodontid genera, one pampathere and four armadillos (including the enigmatic genus Pachyarmatherium Downing and White). In the most parsimonious tree that was obtained, Neoglyptatelus forms a clade with Pachyarmatherium (Pachyarmatheriidae), which is the sister group of the glyptodonts + pampatheres clade; consequently, it is not a glyptodont, as previously believed. This result, together with the known stratigraphic and geographic distribution of Neoglyptatelus and Pachyarmatherium, suggests that this new cingulate clade originated in South America and that Pachyarmatherium reached North America during the Plio—Pleistocene. The carapace of Neoglyptatelus and Pachyarmatherium comprises pelvic and scapular shields overlapping each other without separate intervening transverse mobile bands, an arrangement that differentiates both genera from the remaining cingulates.

Keywords: Carapace, Movement, Pachyarmatheriidae, Glyptatelinae, Phylogeny, Caparazón, Movimiento, Pachyarmatheriidae, Glyptatelinae, Filogenia

Figure 2. Complete specimen of the holotype of Neoglyptatelus uruguayensis (MHNM 1642).
1, dorsal view; 2, lateral view; 3, life reconstruction.

Scale bar= 50 mm.

SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY 

Order CINGULATA Illiger, 1811

Family PACHYARMATHERIIDAE new rank 

Type genus. Pachyarmatherium Downing and White, 1995.

Genus NEOGLYPTATELUS Carlini, Vizcaíno, and Scillato-Yané, 1997

Type species. Neoglyptatelus originalis Carlini, Vizcaíno, and ScillatoYané, 1997

Neoglyptatelus uruguayensis sp. nov.

Derivation of name. uruguayensis; from Uruguay, to emphasize its geographic provenance.

 Juan C. Fernicola, Andrés Rinderknecht, Washington Jones, Sergio F. Vizcaíno and Kleberson Porpino. 2018. A New Species of Neoglyptatelus (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Cingulata) from the Late Miocene of Uruguay Provides New Insights on the Evolution of the Dorsal Armor in Cingulates [UNA NUEVA ESPECIE DE NEOGLYPTATELUS (MAMMALIA, XENARTHRA, CINGULATA) DEL MIOCENO TARDÍO DE URUGUAY PROPORCIONA NUEVAS PERSPECTIVAS SOBRE LA EVOLUCIÓN DEL CAPARAZÓN DORSAL EN LOS CINGULADOS]. Ameghiniana. 55(3):233-252. DOI: 10.5710/AMGH.02.12.2017.3150

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Resumen: El género Neoglyptatelus Carlini, Vizcaíno and Scillato-Yané ha sido considerado un miembro de los Glyptatelinae, un grupo que supuestamente incluye a los gliptodontes basales. Actualmente, está representado por dos especies halladas en Colombia: Neoglyptatelus originalis Carlini, Vizcaíno and Scillato-Yané, del Mioceno medio (fragmento de caparazón, osteodermos aislados y elementos postcraneanos) y Neoglyptatelus sincelejanus Villarroel y Clavijo del Mioceno medio o tardío (parte de un caparazón y coraza caudal). Osteodermos aislados asignados a este género fueron recuperados en el Mioceno tardío de Uruguay y Brasil. En este trabajo, nosotros describimos una nueva especie, Neoglyptatelus uruguayensis, del Mioceno tardío de la Formación Camacho, Uruguay, a base de una coraza casi completa y distintos elementos postcraneanos. Nuestro estudio filogenético se sustenta en 167 caracteres óseos (23 nuevos y 144 utilizados previamente) relevados en 19 taxones, que incluyen los géneros de gliptodontes mejor conocidos, un pampaterio y cuatro armadillos, incluyendo Pachyarmatherium Downing y White. En el árbol más parsimonioso obtenido Neoglyptatelus forma con Pachyarmatherium un clado (Pachyarmatheriidae) hermano del grupo formado por pampaterios + gliptodontes, por lo cual no es un gliptodonte como se sostenía previamente. Este resultado, junto al conocimiento estratigráfico y geográfico de Neoglyptatelus y Pachyarmatherium, sugiere que los Pachyarmatheriidae se habrían originado en América del Sur y que durante el Plio—Pleistoceno Pachyarmatherium arribó a América del Norte. El caparazón de Neoglyptatelus y Pachyarmatherium contiene un escudo escapular y otro pélvico que solapan directamente entre sí, sin mediar bandas movibles transversas; este arreglo morfológico es único entre los cingulados.

[Herpetology • 2017] Liolaemus gardeli • A New Species of Lizard of the L. wiegmannii group (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the Uruguayan Savanna

Liolaemus gardeli 

Verrastro, Maneyro, da Silva & Farias, 2017

 DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4294.4.4 ภาพ

Abstract

Lizards of the Liolaemus wiegmannii group comprise 11 species that are widely distributed east of the Andes, occurring in Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil. Here we analyzed a population of the genus Liolaemus, found in the Pampa region of Uruguay, on isolated sand dunes along the Tacuarembó River. We conducted biometric, meristic, and genetic comparisons between this population and other populations of L. weigmannii from Argentina and Uruguay, and the other species of the L. weigmannii complex. Our morphological and genetic analyses showed that this population represents to a new species of the genus Liolaemus, belonging to the L. wiegmannii group. To date, its known distribution is extremely restricted.

Keywords: Reptilia, endemic species, phylogeny, sand habitat, Pampa biome

  

 Laura Verrastro, Raúl Maneyro, Caroline M. da Silva and Iraia Farias. 2017. A New Species of Lizard of the L. wiegmannii group (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the Uruguayan Savanna. Zootaxa. 4294(4); 443–461. DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4294.4.4