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| Pharmacis cantabricus Kallies & Farino, 2018 DOI: 10.3897/nl.41.26835 |
Abstract
We here describe a new ghost moth (Hepialidae) species, Pharmacis cantabricus sp. n. from the Picos de Europa National Park, Cantabria, in northern Spain. The new species belongs to a group of mostly day-flying species that are restricted to the European Alps and some mountain ranges of southern Europe. Based on morphology and analysis of mitochondrial COI gene sequences, the new species is closely related to Pharmacis aemilianus (Constantini, 1911), an endemic of the Italian Apennines. However, Pharmacis cantabricus sp. n. can easily be distinguished from all related species based on both external and genitalic characters. We briefly review and illustrate all species of the genus Pharmacis Hübner, 1820 and discuss its relationship with the related genus Korscheltellus Börner, 1920. We reinstate Hepialus castillanus Oberthür, 1883 as a distinct species and transfer it to Korscheltellus (stat. rev., comb. n.).
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| Pharmacis species. 5–8. Pharmacis cantabricus sp. n., Spain, Picos de Europa. 5. Male, holotype, alar expanse 33 mm (MfN). 6. Male, paratype, alar expanse 30 mm. (CAK). 7. Female, paratype, alar expanse 31 mm (CAK). 8. Female, paratype, alar expanse 35 mm (CFG). 9–10. P. aemilianus, Italy, Abbruzi, Pescocostanzo. 9. Male, alar expanse 34 mm (MfN). 10. Female, alar expanse 52 mm (MfN). 11. P. pyrenaicus pyrenaicus, male, France, Pyrenees, alar expanse 25 mm (CAK). 12. P. pyrenaicus alticola, male, Pyrenees, alar expanse, 27.5 mm (MfN). |
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| Live Pharmacis specimens. 25. P. anselminae, male, Italy, Valle de Aosta. 26. P. bertrandi, male, France, Haute Alps. 27. P. carna, male, Poland, Tatra Mts,. 28. P. aemilianus, male, Italy, Central Apennines. 29–31. Pharmacis cantabricus sp. n., males (29, 30), female (31), Spain, Picos de Europa. Images 25, R. Bryner; 26, A. Longieras; 27, J. Wenta; 28, P. Mazzei. |
Pharmacis cantabricus sp. n.
Diagnosis: Males of P. cantabricus sp. n. can be differentiated from males of all other species by the white forewing markings, which are usually reduced to an often ill-defined white streak near the base, an irregular white patch just anterior of vein A, and a third white patch between veins A and CuA2 near the anal angle. The extent of these white markings is, however, variable. In some specimens they are further reduced or even absent (as in the female in Fig. 8), in others they form an almost continuous white line (as in female in Fig. 7). Pharmacis cantabricus sp. n. differs from most other species of Pharmacis, with the exception of P. aemilianus, ...
Axel Kallies and Teresa Farino. 2018. A New Species of Pharmacis Hübner, 1820 from Spain with A Brief Review of the Genera Pharmacis and Korscheltellus Börner, 1920 (Lepidoptera, Hepialidae). Nota Lepidopterologica. 41(2): 225-249. DOI: 10.3897/nl.41.26835
Resumen: Describimos una nueva especie de Hepialidae, Pharmacis cantabricus sp. n. del Parque Nacional de Picos de Europa, Cantabria, España septentrional. La nueva especie pertenece a un grupo de especies de vuelo diurno cuya distribución se limita a los Alpes europeos y otras cadenas montañosas de Europa meridional. Según estudios morfológicos y análisis de secuencias del gen mitocondrial COI, la nueva especie es más próxima a Pharmacis aemilianus (Constantini, 1911), un endemismo de los Montes Apeninos en Italia. Sin embargo, Pharmacis cantabricus sp. n. se distingue fácilmente de todas las especies relacionadas en sus caracteres externos y genitales. Evaluamos brevemente e ilustramos todas las especies del género Pharmacis Hübner, 1820 y comentamos su relación con el género emparentado Korscheltellus Börner, 1920. Restituimos Hepialus castillanus Oberthür, 1883 como especie y la trasladamos a Korscheltellus (stat. rev., comb. n.).
