Hemiancistrus cerrado is described from the tributaries of rio Araguaia, rio Tocantins basin. Hemiancistrus cerrado has external similarities with H. megalopteryx and H. punctulatus from coastal streams of southern Brazil, and can be distinguished by having a larger internarial width, 15.9-21.1% of head length (vs. 11.2-14.0% in H. megalopteryx and 11.2-13.9% in H. punctulatus) and, with little overlap, by the larger adipose-fin spine length, 9.4-13.6% of standard length (vs. 7.1-8.7% in H. megalopteryx and 7.4-10.0% in H. punctulatus). Hemiancistrus cerrado further differs from H. megalopteryx by having the pectoral-fin spine reaching maximally to the middle of the pelvic-fin spine when adpressed in adult males (vs. reaching tip). Hemiancistrus cerrado differs from other members of Hemiancistrus by color and numerous morphometric and meristic data.
Key words: Neotropics, Catfish, Ancistrini, Cerrado, Taxonomy.
Distribution and habitat. Known from rio do Bugre, rio Vermelho and probably rio do Peixe, tributaries of rio Araguaia in Goiás State, Tocantins Basin (Fig. 3). Collected in second order streams in swift rocky riffles
Etymology. Named after the Brazilian Cerrado, where the species is found. A noun in apposition.
Souza, Lesley S. de; Melo, Marcelo R. S.; Chamon, Carine C.; Armbruster, Jonathan W. 2008. A new species of Hemiancistrus from the rio Araguaia basin, Goiás state, Brazil (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Neotropical Ichthyology. 6 (3): 419–424.
