[Paleontology • 2013] The Largest flying reptile from Gondwana: a new specimen of Tropeognathus cf. T. mesembrinus Wellnhofer, 1987 (Pterodactyloidea, Anhangueridae) and other large pterosaurs from the Romualdo Formation, Lower Cretaceous

Reconstruction of the world’s largest southern hemisphere pterosaur, Tropeognathus.
displayed in Rio de Janeiro National Museum, Brazil, on March 20, 2013

Abstract

A very large pterosaur (MN 6594-V) from the Romualdo Formation (Aptian/Albian), Santana Group, Araripe Basin, is described. The specimen is referred to Tropeognathus cf. T. mesembrinus mainly due to the presence of a low and blunt frontoparietal crest, the comparatively low number of teeth and the inclined dorsal part of the occipital region. Two distinct wingspan measurements for pterosaurs are introduced: the maximized wingspan (maxws), which essentially consists of doubling the addition of all wing elements and the length of the scapula or the coracoid (the smaller of the two), and the normal wingspan (nws), which applies a reducing factor (rfc) to the maximized wingspan to account for the natural flexures of the wing. The rfc suggested for pteranodontoids is 5%. In the case of MN 6594-V, the maxws and nws are 8.70 m and 8.26 m, respectively, making it the largest pterosaur recovered from Gondwana so far. The distal end of a larger humerus (MCT 1838-R) and a partial wing (MPSC R 1395) are also described showing that large to giant flying reptiles formed a significant part of the pterosaur fauna from the Romualdo Formation. Lastly, some comments on the nomenclatural stability of the Santana deposits are presented.

Key words: Pterosauria, Anhangueridae, Tropeognathus, Cretaceous, Gondwana.

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Giant pterosaur fossil unveiled in Brazil

The fossilized remains of a huge prehistoric flying reptile was unveiled at the Rio de Janeiro National Museum where an international congress on the extinct species is to be held in May.

"What makes it particularly special is that it is the most complete fossil ever found, with virtually the entire skeleton and even the skull preserved," said Alexander Kellner, a paleontologist of the Rio Federal University as he presented a life-size mock-up of the pterosaur or "winged lizard." The creature has a wingspan of 8.2 meters (27 feet).

The fossil, attributed to the "Tropeognathus mesembrinus" species, was found in the Chapada do Araripe plateau of northeastern Brazil.

Kellner described it as "the biggest ever found in the southern hemisphere and the third worldwide."

Rio Ptero 2013
 International Symposium on Pterosaurs
(Simpósio Internacional sobre Pterossauros)

http://novataxa.blogspot.com/2013/03/rio-ptero-2013.html

"We can prove that these giant reptiles flew in the skies of northeast Brazil much earlier than initially thought because fossils were found in rock formations dating 110 million years," according to Kellner.

He said it was previously thought that pterosaurs lived at the end of the Cretaceous period, some 72 to 86 million years ago.

Pterosaur species have been found in places like Morocco, Britain, Mongolia, the United States, China and northeastern Brazil.

___________________

Kellner, Alexander W. A. et al. 2013. The largest flying reptile from Gondwana: a new specimen of Tropeognathus cf. T. mesembrinus Wellnhofer, 1987 (Pterodactyloidea, Anhangueridae) and other large pterosaurs from the Romualdo Formation, Lower Cretaceous. Brazil. An. Acad. Bras. 85(1), 113-135. 

http://www.scielo.br/pdf/aabc/v85n1/0001-3765-aabc-85-01-113.pdf

http://beforeitsnews.com/science-and-technology/2013/03/worlds-largest-southern-hemisphere-pterosaur-tropeognathus-2562384.html

http://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com/2013/03/giant-pterosaur-fossil-unveiled-in.html

http://acarifotosefatos.blogspot.com/2013/03/museu-no-rio-apresenta-maior-fossil-de.html

[Herpetology • 2013] Recent rapid speciation and ecomorph divergence in Indo-Australian sea snakes | Shrunken Heads of Sea Snakes

Given their feeding habits, some sea snakes have developed 'shrunken heads'. An international team of scientists says this can lead to speciation (one species splitting into two). In the picture: small-headed snake foraging in waters off the Ryuku Islands, Japan.

Image: Yoshitaka Tahara

Abstract

The viviparous sea snakes (Hydrophiinae) are a young radiation of at least 62 species that display spectacular morphological diversity and high levels of local sympatry. To shed light on the mechanisms underlying sea snake diversification, we investigated recent speciation and eco-morphological differentiation in a clade of four nominal species with overlapping ranges in Southeast Asia and Australia. Analyses of morphology and stomach contents identified the presence of two distinct ecomorphs: a ‘macrocephalic’ ecomorph that reaches >2 m in length, has a large head and feeds on crevice-dwelling eels and gobies; and a ‘microcephalic’ ecomorph that rarely exceeds 1 m in length, has a small head and narrow fore-body and hunts snake eels in burrows. Mitochondrial sequences show a lack of reciprocal monophyly between ecomorphs and among putative species. However, individual assignment based on newly developed microsatellites separated co-distributed specimens into four significantly differentiated clusters corresponding to morphological species designations, indicating limited recent gene flow and progress towards speciation. A coalescent species tree (based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequences) and isolation-migration model (mitochondrial and microsatellite markers) suggest between one and three transitions between ecomorphs within the last approximately 1.2 million to approximately 840 000 years. In particular, the macrocephalic ‘eastern’ population of Hydrophis cyanocinctus and microcephalic H. melanocephalus appear to have diverged very recently and rapidly, resulting in major phenotypic differences and restriction of gene flow in sympatry. These results highlight the viviparous sea snakes as a promising system for speciation studies in the marine environment.

Keywords: Australia; ecomorph evolution; Hydrophis; marine speciation; sea snake; Southeast Asia

_____________________

Shrunken Heads of Sea Snakes Explained

http://www.livescience.com/28094-sea-snakes-shrunken-heads.html

Some sea snakes have heads that look comically small compared with the rest of their body. New research shows these shrunken heads evolved quite rapidly, allowing the snakes to hunt eels hiding in tight spaces.

If you only looked at the genes of the blue-banded sea snake and the slender-necked sea snake, the two species would seem nearly identical. But the close cousins, which are found in waters around Southeast Asia and Australia, have quite different physical looks, researchers say.

"The slender-necked sea snake is half the size, and has a much smaller head, than the blue-banded sea snake," study researcher Mike Lee, from the South Australian Museum, said in a statement. "This suggested they separated very recently from a common ancestral species and had rapidly evolved their different appearances."

The researchers believe some sea snakes developed shrunken heads to be more effective eaters since these species poke their heads into narrow eel burrows to look for food, whereas their big-headed cousins feast on crevice-sheltering eels and gobies.

"One way this could have happened is if the ancestral species was large-headed, and a population rapidly evolved small heads to probe eel burrows — and subsequently stopped interbreeding with the large-headed forms," Lee added.

Both the blue-banded sea snake and the slender-necked sea snake belong to the genus Hydrophis. With more than 30 species, this group is by far the most diverse group in the Hydrophiinae subfamily and it has a lot of tiny-headed members. In fact, microcephaly (the condition of having a small head) has evolved at least eight separate times in Hydrophis during their relatively rapid diversification over the past 3.5 million years, researchers say.

Meanwhile, no other genus in the sea snake family (not Aipysurus nor Ephalophis nor Hydrelaps) has snakes that have evolved shrunken heads. What's more, these groups tend to be much less diverse, each represented by a half-dozen species at best.

"Rapid evolution of head size variation is therefore a likely contributing factor in the explosive speciation in Hydrophis group sea snakes," the researchers wrote in an article published this week in the journal Molecular Ecology.

Kate L. Sanders, Arne R. Rasmussen, Mumpuni, Johan Elmberg, Anslem de Silva, Michael L. Guinea, Michael S. Y. Lee. 2013. Recent rapid speciation and ecomorph divergence in Indo-Australian sea snakes. Molecular Ecology, | DOI: 10.1111/mec.12291/

http://squamates.blogspot.com/2013/03/evolution-of-microcephalic-sea-snakes.html

http://www.sciencealert.com.au/news/20131903-24171.html

http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2013-03/20/small-headed-sea-snakes

[Herpetology • 2013] Hot bodies protect amphibians against chytrid infection in nature

Green Eyed Tree Frog with radio-transmitter

photo: Jodi J L Rowley
http://australianmuseum.net.au

Environmental context strongly affects many host-pathogen interactions, but the underlying causes of these effects at the individual level are usually poorly understood. The amphibian chytrid fungus has caused amphibian population declines and extinctions in many parts of the world. Many amphibian species that have declined or have been extirpated by the pathogen in some environments coexist with it in others. Here we show that in three species of rainforest frogs in nature, individuals' probability of infection by the amphibian chytrid fungus was strongly related to their thermal history. Individuals' probability of infection declined rapidly as they spent more time above the pathogen's upper optimum temperature. This relationship can explain population-level patterns of prevalence in nature, and suggests that natural or artificial selection for higher thermal preferences could reduce susceptibility to this pathogen. Similar individual-level insights could improve our understanding of environmental context-dependence in other diseases.

Subject terms: Ecological epidemiology, Herpetology, Tropical ecology, Behavioural ecology

Rowley, J.J.L. & Alford, R.A. 2013. Hot bodies protect amphibians against chytrid infection in nature. Scientific Reports 3, 1515: DOI:10.1038/srep01515 

______________________

Hot bodies protect frogs from disease

http://www.australianmuseum.net.au/

The amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) is responsible for the often fatal amphibian disease chytridiomycosis. This disease has now been associated with declines and extinctions in hundreds of species of amphibians worldwide, and is a serious threat to global amphibian biodiversity.

However, not all amphibian species decline from chytridiomycosis, and many amphibians that have declined from the disease in some environments coexist with it in others. Why might this be?

One such reason is temperature. In the lab, the amphibian chytrid fungus grows best between 17-25°C and infected captive frogs can be cured by simply raising the temperature. Natural populations of frogs also appear to be affected by temperature, with infected frogs more often detected in cooler months and at higher (and therefore cooler) altitudes. So there’s reason to suspect that temperature may play an important role in determining whether individual frogs are infected with the amphibian chytrid fungus in nature.

................

http://www.australianmuseum.net.au/blogpost/Science/Hot-bodies-protect-frogs-from-disease

Reviving the Woolly Mammoth: Will De-Extinction Become Reality?

This photo shows a museum worker inspecting a replica of a woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius), a relative of modern elephants that went extinct 3,000 to 10,000 years ago.

 Photo by Jonathan S. Blair/National Geographic

Biologists briefly brought the extinct Pyrenean ibex back to life in 2003 by creating a clone from a frozen tissue sample harvested before the goat's entire population vanished in 2000. The clone survived just seven minutes after birth, but it gave scientists hope that "de-extinction," once a pipedream, could become a reality.

Ten years later, a group of researchers and conservationists gathered in Washington, D.C., today (March 15) for a forum called TEDxDeExtinction, hosted by the National Geographic Society, to talk about how to revive extinct animals, from the Tasmanian tiger and the saber-toothed cat to the woolly mammoth and the North American passenger pigeon.

Though scientists don't expect a real-life "Jurassic Park" will ever be on the horizon, a species that died a few tens of thousands of years ago could be resurrected as long as it has enough intact ancient DNA.


Some have their hopes set on the woolly mammoth, a relative of modern elephants that went extinct 3,000 to 10,000 years ago and left behind some extraordinarily well preserved carcasses in Siberian permafrost. Scientists in Russia and South Korea have embarked on an ambitious project to try to create a living specimen using the DNA-storing nucleus of a mammoth cell and an Asian elephant egg — a challenging prospect, as no one has ever been able to harvest eggs from an elephant.



But DNA from extinct species doesn't need to be preserved in Arctic conditions to be useful to scientists — researchers have been able to start putting together the genomes of extinct species from museum specimens that have been sitting on shelves for a century. If de-extinction research has done anything for science, it's forced researchers to look at the quality of the DNA in dead animals, said science journalist Carl Zimmer, whose article on de-extinction featured on the cover of the April issue of National Geographic magazine.

"It's not that good but you can come up with techniques to retrieve it," Zimmer told LiveScience.

For instance, a team that includes Harvard genetics expert George Church is trying to bring back the passenger pigeon — a bird that once filled eastern North America's skies. They have been able to piece together roughly 1 billion letters (Each of four nucleotides that make up DNA has a letter designation) in the bird's genome based on DNA from a 100-year-old taxidermied museum specimen. They hope to incorporate those genes responsible for certain traits into the genome of a common rock pigeon to bring back the passenger pigeon, or at least create something that looks like it.

A few years ago, another group of researchers isolated DNA from a 100-year-old specimen of a young thylacine, also known as Tasmanian tiger. The pup had been preserved in alcohol at Museum Victoria in Melbourne. Its genetic material was inserted into mouse embryos, which proved functional in live mice.

......

Reviving the Woolly Mammoth: Will De-Extinction Become Reality? http://www.livescience.com/27939-reviving-extinct-animals-mammoths.html via @LiveScience

[Herpetology • 2013] Tylototriton ziegleri | Ziegler's Crocodile Newt • A New Species of Tylototriton (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae) from Northern Vietnam

Ziegler's Crocodile Newt | Tylototriton ziegleri

Nishikawa, Matsui & Nguyen, 2013 

Abstract

A new species of the salamandrid genus Tylototriton is described from Ha Giang and Cao Bang provinces, northern Vietnam, based on molecular and morphological data. The new species differs morphologically from all known congeners in the combination of blackish body coloration; medium-sized body; distinctly rough skin; tubercular vertebral ridge; knob-like rib nodules; large eye; and low, narrow tail. The distribution pattern of species of Tylototriton in Vietnam is briefly discussed.

 Keywords: Tylototriton, Molecular phytogeny, Morphology, New species, Vietnam

Larva of Ziegler's crocodile newt

Photo: Tao Thien Nguyen 

New newt species found in northern Vietnam 

via http://www.thanhniennews.com/

A group of Vietnamese and Japanese scientists have found a new species of newt in the northern mountainous areas of Ha Giang and Cao Bang provinces.

The Vietnam National Museum of Nature announced Tuesday on its website (http://VNMN.ac.vn) that the recently-discovered Tylototriton ziegleri, was named after Dr. Thomas Ziegler from the Cologne Zoo in Germany.

Ziegler has made many contributions to biodiversity conservation and research in Vietnam, according to the museum.

Nguyen Thien Tao, a member of the research group, said male and female Tylototriton ziegleri grow an estimated 54-68 millimeters and 71 millimeters long, respectively, without their tails.

The newt has rough, dark brown or black skin with tiny bumps on it, a long furrow along its back and lines of large nodules on both sides of the body, as well as thin, long legs and thin tails. There are also orange marks on the nodules, at the end of its limbs, its anus, and parts of the tails. 

According to Tao, there are seven types of newts found in Vietnam, with Paramesotriton deloustali (also known as Tam Dao salamander), Tylototriton vietnamensis (Vietnamese crocodile newt) and the new Tylototriton ziegleri only found in northern Vietnam.

This discovery, which has been published in the Japanese magazine Current Herpetology, is the result of cooperation between the Vietnam National Museum of Nature and Japan’s Kyoto University.   

____________________

Kanto Nishikawa, Masafumi Matsui and Tao Thien Nguyen. 2013. A New Species of Tylototriton from Northern Vietnam (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae). Current Herpetology. 32(1):34-49.
DOI: 10.5358/hsj.32.34

researchgate.net/publication/261913812_A_new_species_of_Tylototriton_from_northern_Vietnam_(Amphibia_Urodela_Salamandridae)

The beautiful amphibian from Hell: scientists discover new crocodile newt in Vietnam

http://news.mongabay.com/2013/0318-hance-crocodilenewt-new.html

New newt species found in northern Vietnam 

http://www.thanhniennews.com/index/pages/20130307-new-newt-species-found-in-northern-vietnam.aspx

http://www.vnmn.ac.vn/news.php?cat=21&id=595

[Herpetology • 2010] Tylototriton notialis • A New Species in the Tylototriton asperrimus Group (Caudata: Salamandridae) from Central Laos

Tylototriton notialis

Stuart, Phimmachak, Sivongxay & Robichaud. 2010

Abstract

A new species in the morphologically conservative Tylototriton asperrimus group is described from Khammouan Province, Laos. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA confirms its placement in the T. asperrimus group. Tylototriton notialis sp. nov. is diagnosable in mitochondrial DNA, nuclear DNA, and morphology from its congeners. The new species represents the first record of the genus from Laos, and is the southernmost known member of the T. asperrimus group. 

Key words: Caudata, Laos, Southeast Asia, Tylototriton

Subgenus: The new species is assigned to the subgenus Yaotriton Dubois & Raffaëlli 2009 (= T. asperrimus species group of Fei et al. 2005) based on its phylogenetic position (Fig. 1) and mostly dark dorsal and ventral coloration (Dubois & Raffaëlli 2009).

Etymology: The specific epithet taken from notialis L. for southern, in reference to the new species having the southernmost known locality of any member in the T. asperrimus group. 

Stuart, B.L., Phimmachak, S., Sivongxay, N. & Robichaud, W.G., 2010. A New Species in the Tylototriton asperrimus Group (Caudata: Salamandridae) from Central Laos. Zootaxa, 2650: 19-32.

http://www.bryanlstuart.com/site/Publications_files/Stuart%20et%20al.%202010%20Zootaxa.pdf

http://science.naturalis.nl/hosted-sites/salamanders/salamanders-of-the-old-world/species-list/tylototriton/notialis

http://news.mongabay.com/2011/1214-hance_mekong_newspecies.html

http://www.wwf.org.uk/wwf_articles.cfm?unewsid=5518

[Herpetology • 2005] Tylototriton vietnamensis • A new species of salamander, genus Tylototriton (Urodela: Salamandridae), from northern Vietnam

Tylototriton vietnamensis Böhme, Schöttler, Nguyen, & Köhler 2005

Abstract

 We describe a new species of Tylototriton from lowland forest of Bac Giang Province in northern Vietnam. The new species is mainly characterized by skin covered with relatively small warts and glands, flattened head, dorsal colour uniformly greyish tan or light brownish in life without larger orange or red dorsal markings. The species presumably reproduces in forest ponds during the rainy season. Records of Tylototriton asperrimus from northern Vietnam are briefly discussed.

Key words. Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae: Tylototriton; new species; Vietnam.

Etymology: The new species is named after the country of its origin, Vietnam.

Distribution: So far, the new species is known from four localities in northern and north-central Vietnam (Fig. 5). Specimens from Nam Tha Commune, Van Ban District, Lao Cai Province (NGUYEN et al. 2005, T. SCHÖTTLER pers. obs.) exhibit some slight morphological differences and are here tentatively regarded as T. cf. vietnamensis (see discussion). Tylototriton vietnamensis probably also occurs in adjacent southern China and eastern Laos.

Böhme, W., Schöttler, T., Nguyen, T.Q. & Köhler, J. 2005. A new species of salamander, genus Tylototriton (Urodela: Salamandridae), from northern Vietnam. Salamandra. 41, 215–220.

Frog of India • 15 Endemic Amphibian Genera of India

Frog of India

15 Endemic Amphibian Genera of India

1. Micrixalus (Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka)

2. Pterorana (Nagaland)

3. Indirana (Western Ghats)

4. Melanobatrachus indicus 

5. Nasikabatrachus (Kerala and Tamil Nadu)

6. Ghatixalus (Kerala & Tamil Nadu)

7. Minervarya 

8. Nyctibatrachus (Western Ghats) 

9. Xanthophryne (Maharashtra)

10. Xanthophryne (Maharashtra)

11. Ghatophryne 

12. Chikilila 

13. Indotyphlus 

14. Uraeotyphlus (Kerala and Tamil Nadu)

15. Gegeneophis

http://facebook.com/BijuSDas

http://facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=347149815359492

[Ichthyology • 2013] Kryptopterus vitreolus | ปลาผี, ปลาก้างพระร่วง หรือปลากระจก • After eighty years of misidentification, a name for the glass catfish (Teleostei: Siluridae) from Thailand

Kryptopterus vitreolus Ng & Kottelat 2013

Abstract

We resolve the identity of the glass catfish, a species of Asian freshwater fish commonly encountered as an ornamental fish and an experimental subject that has long been misidentified as either Kryptopterus bicirrhis or K. minor. Our study indicates that the glass catfish is an unnamed species distinct from either, which we describe here as Kryptopterus vitreolus.

Kryptopterus vitreolus is known from river drainages in peninsular and southeastern Thailand, and is distinguished from congeners in having a combination of: transparent body in life, maxillary barbels reaching beyond the base of the first anal-fin, dorsal profile with a pronounced nuchal concavity, snout length 29–35% head length (HL), eye diameter 28–34% HL, slender body (depth at anus 16–20% standard length (SL)) and caudal peduncle (depth 4–7% SL), 14–18 rakers on the first gill arch, and 48–55 anal-fin rays.

Key words: Peninsular Thailand, Kryptopterus

Ng HH and Kottelat M. 2013. After eighty years of misidentification, a name for the glass catfish (Teleostei: Siluridae). Zootaxa 3620(2): 308-316.

http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2013/f/z03630p332f.pdf

http://facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10151501847604672 via facebook: Care of Magical Creatures

[Ichthyology • 2013] Aphyocypris pulchrilineata • a new miniature cyprinid species (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from Guangxi, China

Aphyocypris pulchrilineata Zhu, Zhao & Huang 2013

Abstract

Aphyocypris pulchrilineata sp. nov., a miniature cyprinid fish, was described from a small branch of the Hongshuihe River, which belongs to the Pearl River drainage. The new species can be distinguished from the species of Yaoshanicus, Nicholsicypris, Pararasbora and some species of Aphyocypris (Aphyocypris chinensis and Aphyocypris kikuchii) by the lack of a lateral line, either complete or partial. The new species is most similar to Aphyocypris lini morphologically. However, A. pulchrilineata lacks a large black spot on the caudal-fin base which A. lini has. A key to the species of the genus Aphyocypris is provided in the paper.

Etymology. The Latin adjective pulchrilineata is a mention of the beautiful (pulcher, -ra, -rum) lines (linea, hence lineata, ‘‘bearer of lines’’). (New Chinese name: Li Xian xi)

Distribution and ecological notes. The new species is known only from the type locality, a stream of the Chengjiang River, a small northern branch of the Hongshuihe River, being itself a tributary of the Xijiang drainage, the longest tributary of the Pearl River.

Specimens were collected in a small, canalized stream, which is located very close to the county town. The general landform around is typical karst. The stream was shallow and turbid, with a low flow rate. Aquatic plants grow in the stream, covering almost half of the water. Both shore sides are corn fields. Fish community of the type locality was not surveyed. The stream is disturbed by locals frequently. Ducks are usually found in the water. Meanwhile, the collection site is near a water treatment plant.

Zhu, Y., Zhao, Y. & Huang, K. 2013. Aphyocypris pulchrilineata, a new miniature cyprinid species (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from Guangxi, China. Ichthyological Research, Article first published online: 06 March 2013 DOI 10.1007/s10228-013-0338-y

http://facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10151502251844672

[Ichthyology • 2012] Thryssocypris wongrati | ปลาซิวแถบเงิน'อาจารย์ประจิตร' • a new anchovy-like cyprinid (Cypriniformes) from the Chao Phraya basin, Thailand

ปลาซิวแถบเงิน "อาจารย์ประจิตร"
Thrysscocypris wongrati Grudpan & Grudpan, 2012

Abstract

Thryssocypris wongrati, a new species of cyprinid from the Chao Phraya basin, Thailand, is distinguished from all other species of Thryssocypris by having a combination of the origin of the dorsal fin behind the origin of the anal fin, 37–40 lateral-line scales, 16 circumpeduncular scales, and a dark spot at the base of the caudal fin. Thryssocypris wongrati occupies the lower part of the Chao Phraya basin where it has been recorded from irrigation canals in Sing Buri up to the most northern part of the basin in the Nan River in Phitsanulok Province.

Key words: fish, teleost, new species

ปลาซิวแถบเงิน "อาจารย์ประจิตร"

Thrysscocypris wongrati Grudpan & Grudpan, 2012

ปลาชนิดใหม่ของโลก ที่ได้รับการบรรยายลักษณะทางอนุกรมวิธาน โดยอาจารย์ ประจำคณะเกษตรศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยอุบลราชธานี ในวารสารวิชาการ Zootaxa ในบทความเรื่อง "Thryssocypris wongrati, a new anchovy-like cyprinid (Cypriniformes) from the Chao Phraya basin, Thailand"

http://www.agri.ubu.ac.th/activity/main.php?g2_itemId=80817

Grudpan, C. & Grudpan, J. 2012. Thryssocypris wongrati, a new anchovy-like cyprinid (Cypriniformes) from the Chao Phraya basin, Thailand. Zootaxa. 3586: 228–235.

http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2012/f/zt03586p235.pdf

[Ichthyology • 2011] Aphyocypris amnis • Synonymization of Pararasbora, Yaoshanicus, and Nicholsicypris with Aphyocypris, and description of a new species of Aphyocypris (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from Taiwan

Aphyocypris amnis Liao, Kullander & Lin 2011

The genus Aphyocypris is a group of small fish distributed in East Asia. Aphyocypris amnis sp. nov. is characterized by the lateral line turning upward at a vertical from the posterior end of the anal-fin base, 3 scales between the lateral line and posterior end of the anal-fin base, and the last 5-7 scales of the lateral line running along the midline of the caudal peduncle. A ventral keel is present between the pelvic-fin base and anus. Aphyocypris amnis sp. nov. is found only in the Shuili River, a tributary of the Choshui River in central Taiwan. Pararasbora Regan, 1908, Yaoshanicus Lin, 1931, and Nicholsicypris Chu, 1935 are synonyms of Aphyocypris Günther, 1868. 

Key words: Sun-Moon Lake, Lake Candidius, New species, Synonymization, Taiwan.

Te-Yu Liao, Sven O. Kullander, and Hung-Du Li. 2011. Synonymization of Pararasbora, Yaoshanicus, and Nicholsicypris with Aphyocypris, and description of a new species of Aphyocypris from Taiwan (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Zoological Studies 50(5): 657-664.

http://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/50.5/657.pdf

[Ichthyology • 2001] Aspidoparia ukhrulensis • A new freshwater cyprinid fish Aspidoparia from the Chatrickong River, Manipur, northeastern India

Aspidoparia ukhrulensis Selim & Vishwanath, 2001

Aspidoparia ukhrulensis is known only from Manipur, northeastern India.  It is inferred to have a restricted distribution in the hill streams, but more research is needed to determine its current distribution and population structure. 

Range: reported from two localities of the Ukhrul River in the Chindwin drainage of Myanmar. The type locality is given as "Rivers at foot of Sikkim Mountains, India".

http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/summary/168294/0

_______________________

Aspidoparia is a small genus of cyprinid fishes that are found in Asia. There are currently three recognized species in this genus.

Aspidoparia jaya (F. Hamilton, 1822) (Jaya)

Aspidoparia morar (F. Hamilton, 1822)

Aspidoparia ukhrulensis Selim & Vishwanath, 2001 

Selim, K. i W. Vishwanath, 2001. A new freshwater cyprinid fish Aspidoparia from the Chatrickong River, Manipur, India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 98(2): 254-257.

http://www.cypriniformes.org/Cypriniformes%20from%20Alfred/Selim&Vishwanath%202001%20Aspidoparia.pdf

Best Practices: In the 21st Century, Taxonomic Decisions in Herpetology are Acceptable Only When Supported by a Body of Evidence and Published via Peer-Review

TABLE 1. List of herpetofaunal taxa published on or after 1 January 2000 that can be objectively classed as unscientific, non-peer reviewed, misguided in intent or presentation, fraudulent, or lacking evidence. These names should not be used in herpetological nomenclature, pending suitable action by the ICZN. 

2013. Best Practices: In the 21st Century, Taxonomic Decisions in Herpetology are Acceptable Only When Supported by a Body of Evidence and Published via Peer-Review. Herpetological Review. 44(1), 8–23.

http://www.markoshea.info/downloads/Kaiser%20et%20al%202013%20Best%20Practices-%20In%20the%2021st%20Century,%20Taxonomic%20Decisions%20in%20Herpetology%20are%20Acceptable%20Only%20When%20Supported%20by%20a%20Body%20of%20Evidence%20and%20Published%20via%20Peer-Review.pdf

Australasian Journal of Herpetology | Apr 2012

http://www.smuggled.com/AJHI12.pdf

[Ichthyology • 2013] Cyanogaster noctivaga • a remarkable new genus and species of miniature fish (Ostariophysi: Characidae) from the Rio Negro, Amazon basin, Brazil

Cyanogaster noctivaga, new genus, new species, is described from the Rio Negro, Brazil. It is a miniature fish of the Characidae belonging to the Stevardiinae based on the presence of ii + 8 dorsal-fin rays and four teeth in the inner premaxillary tooth series. The new taxon can be distinguished from all other members of the Stevardiinae by having the reduced number of i + 5 pelvic-fin rays and the presence of a single conical tooth in the outer premaxillary tooth series. Other non-exclusive diagnostic features of Cyanogaster within the Stevardiinae are the lack of maxillary teeth, the incomplete lateral line, transparency of the body and conspicuous blue abdominal region. Mature males have hooks on the pelvic- and anal-fin rays. A detailed osteological description of the new genus and species is is presented with comments on its putative relationships.

Mattox, G.M.T., Britz, R., Toledo-Piza, M. & Marinho, M.M.F. 2013. Cyanogaster noctivaga, a remarkable new genus and species of miniature fish from the Rio Negro, Amazon basin (Ostariophysi: Characidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters. 23(4), 297-318. 

http://www.pfeil-verlag.de/04biol/pdf/ief23_4_02.pdf

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