[Herpetology • 1997] กบชะง่อนผาอินทนนท์ | Odorrana (Rana) archotaphus | Doi Inthanon Rock Frog • ranid frog from Northern Thailand

Odorrana archotaphus from Species Index by Siamensis.org

กบชะง่อนผาอินทนนท์ | Doi Inthanon Rock Frog

Odorrana archotaphus (Inger and Chan-ard, 1997)

Synonym : Rana archotaphus Inger and Chan-ard, 1997

Abstract (1997)

A New species of Rana, superficially resembling Rana livida, has been found in northern Thailand. The new species is like R. livida in having grooves around the discs of the fingers and green color dorsally, and in lacking humeral glands. It is smaller than R. livida and further differs from the latter in having an outer metatarsal tubercle and in lacking sexual dimorphism in the size of the tympanum. It is compared with other species from Southeast Asia that share expanded finger tips, green dorsal coloration, and other characters.

Etymology.- Species name from archon (Gr), meaning ruler, and taphus (Gr), meaning grave. Doi Inthanon is the mountain where the ashes of a former King of Chiang Mai were buried.

Inger, R. F. and T. Chan-ard. 1997. A new species of ranid frog from Thailand, with comments on Rana livida (Blyth). Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society 45:65–70. : http://archive.fieldmuseum.org/research_collections/zoology/pdf/Inger_Chanard_1997.pdf

[Herpetology • 2002] กบเขาสอยดาว | Sylvirana (Rana) faber • from Cardamom Mountains, Southwest Cambodia & Eastern Thailand

กบเขาสอยดาว Sylvirana faber

(Ohler, Swan & Daltry 2002)

ABSTRACT

Reported here are the findings of the first field surveys for amphibians in the Cardamom Mountains of Southwest Cambodia, which were conducted in January -March 2000 and February -April 2001, A total of 34 species of anuran were found in these mountains, including new species of Megophrys, Philautus and Rana (Sylvirana) that are described here. A further 17 species that have not previously been reported from Cambodia were also recorded during these surveys. These results double the size of Cambodia's known amphibian fauna. Species of particular taxonomic interest from the collections are discussed in further detail, and a national checklist of Cambodia's known amphibian fauna is also provided.

KEY WORDS. Amphibians, new species, Megophrys, Philautus, Rana (Sylvirana), Cambodia, taxonomy.

Ohler, A., S. R. Swan and J. C. Daltry. 2002. A recent survey of the amphibian fauna of the Cardamom Mountains, Southwest Cambodia with descriptions of three new species. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 50(2): 465-481. http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/50/50rbz465-481.pdf

Grismer, L. L., T. Chav, T. Neang, P. L. Wood, J. L. Grismer, T. M. Youmans, A. Ponce, J. C. Daltry and H. Kaiser. 2007. The Herpetofauna of the Phnom Aural Wildlife Sanctuary and Checklist of the Herpetofauna of the Cardamom Mountains, Cambodia. Hamadryad. 31(2): 216-241.

กบเขาสอยดาว ควรใช้ชื่อวิทยาศาสตร์ชื่อใด?: http://tistr.or.th/tistr/code/tistrorg/ecological_note/en_200801.pdf

[Herpetology • 2006] Odorrana (Rana) monjerai • new Cascade Frog of the Subgenus Odorrana from Peninsular Malaysia

MATSUI, M., AND I. JAAFAR. 2006. A new Cascade Frog of the Subgenus Odorrana from Peninsular Malaysia. Zoological Science. 23:647–651.: http://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/65031/1/K001.pdf

[Herpetology • 2005] Odorrana bolavensis, O. orba & O. heatwolei (originally Rana) • Three new species of Spinule-bearing frogs allied to Rana megatympanum from Laos and Vietnam

ABSTRACT

Three new species of frogs allied to Rana megatympanum are described from Laos and Vietnam. One new species is from the Bolaven Plateau of southern Laos, a second is from central Laos and adjacent central Vietnam, and a third is from northern Laos. The three new species are distinguished from similar species by skin texture, the location of white spinules on the skin in males and females, spotting on the lips, body size, relative tympanum size, and unpigmented eggs.

Key words: Laos; New species; Ranidae; Vietnam

— New species —

Rana bolavensis sp. nov.

Distribution and ecology.— Rana bolavensis is currently known only from wet evergreen forest at 1000–1200 m elevation on the Bolaven Plateau of southern Laos (Fig. 2), a large, volcanic plateau isolated from the Annamite Mountain chain by the Xe Kong River Valley. Specimens were collected at night on rocks and vegetation along rocky streams, except FMNH 258310 (adult male) was found at night on a low tree branch about 100 m from a stream, FMNH 258166 (juvenile) was found at night on leaf litter in the forest during a heavy rain, and FMNH 258241 (juvenile) was found during the day under leaf litter in the forest. These observations suggest that juveniles may be more terrestrial than adults. Many specimens of both sexes were infested with mites on the eyelid, fingers, and toe webbing. One other species of frog, Leptobrachium buchardi Ohler, Teynie´, and David, 2004, has been described from the highlands of the Bolaven Plateau, and may also be endemic to the area. Much of the wet evergreen forest on the top of the Bolaven Plateau is being converted to coffee plantations, a practice that probably threatens the survival of R. bolavensis.

Etymology.— The specific epithet bolavensis refers to the type locality on the Bolaven Plateau.

Rana orba sp. nov.

Distribution and ecology.— Rana orba is currently known from the northern Truong Son (Annamite Highlands) of the Laos-Vietnam frontier in eastern Khammouan and Bolikhamxay Provinces, Laos, and western Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam (Fig. 2). Specimens were collected at night in evergreen forest on leaf litter, rocks, rock ledges, logs, tree roots, and vegetation within 6 m of rocky streams. The Laos specimens were found at 600–700 m elevation and the single Vietnam specimen was found at 200 m elevation.

Etymology.— The specific epithet orba (L.) for orphan, is in reference to the species being known in Vietnam only from a single juvenile.

Rana heatwolei sp. nov.

Distribution and ecology.— Rana heatwolei is currently known only from Phou Dendin National Biodiversity Conservation Area, Phongsaly Province, northern Laos, near the frontier with Vietnam and China (Fig. 2). Specimens were collected at night in hill evergreen forest at 600–800 m elevation on dirt banks, rocks, logs, tree roots, and vegetation within 4 m of rocky streams.

Etymology.— The specific epithet is a patronym for Dr. Harold F. Heatwole, co-collector of the new species, whose guidance, support, and companionship greatly aided the senior author in conducting herpetological fieldwork in Laos.

— DISCUSSION —

Our descriptions of three additional species supplement the recent findings that the morphologically variable cascade ranids allied to R. livida represent a complex of species living in the montane lotic streams of Laos and Vietnam (Bain and Nguyen, 2004; Bain et al., 2003; Orlov et al., 2003; Stuart et al., 2005). Often more than one species in this complex occurs sympatrically, but only R. chloronota is currently recognized to be relatively widespread (Bain and Nguyen, 2004; Bain et al., 2003). The discovery of many new species with relatively small distributions has important consequences for conservation of biodiversity in Indochina. Further studies to identify evolutionary lineages in these frogs, and their phylogenetic relationships to each other, are warranted and underway (B. L. Stuart, unpublished data).

Stuart, B.L. and Bain, R.H. 2005. Three new species of spinule-bearing frogs allied to Rana megatympanum Bain, Lathrop, Murphy, Orlov, and Ho, 2003 from Laos and Vietnam. Herpetologica: 478-492. http://cbc.amnh.org/center/pubs/pdfs/10-StuartandBain2005.pdf

[Herpetology • 2005] Odorrana (Rana) khalam • A new cascade frog (Amphibia: Ranidae) from Laos and Vietnam

Odorrana (Rana) khalam,

Stuart, Orlov & Chan-ard, 2005

STUART, B. L., N. L. ORLOV, AND T. CHAN-ARD. 2005. A new cascade frog (Amphibia: Ranidae) from Laos and Vietnam. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 53:125–131.

http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/53/53rbz125-131.pdf

[Herpetology • 2004] Rana iriodes & Rana tabaca • 2 new Cascade Frog from Northeastern Vietnam | Herpetofaunal Diversity of Ha Giang Province

Fig. 6. Frog species from Ha Giang Province, Vietnam:
(A) paratype of Rana iriodes, new species (AMNH 163928), adult male, SVL 42.80 mm; (B) paratype of Rana iriodes, new species; (C) paratype of Rana tabaca, new species (AMNH 163915), adult male, SVL 59.18 mm; (D) paratype of Rana tabaca, new species (AMNH 163920), adult female, SVL 103.40 mm

Abstract

In April and May of 2000, herpetological surveys of Ha Giang Province, Vietnam, near the Chinese border were undertaken. Surveys concentrated on isolated forests of Mount Tay Con Linh II (contiguous with the highest peak in eastern Vietnam, Mt. Tay Con Linh). The 26-day survey yielded 36 species of amphibians and 16 species of reptiles. The collection contains elements of Himalayan as well as Indo-Malayan assemblages and documents a new country record (Philautus rhododiscus), eight new records east of the Red River (Bombina microdeladigitora, Megophrys parva, Amolops chapaensis, Chaparana delacouri, Chirixalus gracilipes, Philautus odontotarsus, Polypedates dugritei, Rhacophorus hoanglienensis), seven species complexes (Fejervarya limnocharis, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, Limnonectes kuhlii, Rana chloronota, R. maosonensis, Polypedates dugritei, and P. leucomystax), three unidentified amphibian species, and two previously undescribed species of cascade ranid (Rana iriodes, new species and Rana tabaca, new species).

Rana iriodes differs from R. daorum and Amolops chunganensis in having an iridescent green-gold dorsum, orange-red dorsolateral folds, a goldwhite flank spot, vomerine teeth, and webbing to toe disks. Rana tabaca, new species, can be differentiated from other cascade ranids by a combination of characters: mottled brown upper lip, gold lip line below the eye to the arm insertion, shagreened dorsum, dorsolateral folds, and unpigmented eggs. Species accumulation curves indicate that the diversity of the region is still underestimated, which, along with the relatively extensive remnant forest, underscores the importance for a greater faunal understanding and conservation effort for the montane forests of the region.

— New species —

Rana iriodes

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is from the Latin iriodes, meaning iridescent. This refers

to the iridescent nature of the skin in life.

DISTRIBUTION: This species is currently known only from Mt. Tay Con Linh II in northeastern Vietnam: Ha Giang Province, Vi Xuyen District, Cao Bo Commune.

REMARKS: Neither tadpoles nor vocal recordings were collected for this species. Male specimens exhibit gular pouches that are either loose and baggy (distended) or tight, appearing as folds of skin at the corner of the jaw.

Rana tabaca

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is derived from the Latin tabacum, meaning tobacco. The dark brown of R. tabaca is close to the color of thuoc lao, a tobacco common in northern Vietnam.

DISTRIBUTION: This species is currently known only from Ha Giang Province in northern Vietnam: Mt. Tay Con Linh II, Cao Bo Commune, Vi Xuyen District, and Mt. Muong Cha, Du Gia commune, Yen Minh District.

REMARKS: Males were calling a single, loud, high birdlike chirp. They were found on streamside rock ledges and low-lying foliage and on branches 1–3 m over the stream. A female was seen in a small crevice under rocks. Males and females easily scale the rocks among the cascades they inhabit. Tadpoles remain unknown.

Raoul H. Bain and Nguyen Quang Trong. 2004. Herpetofaunal Diversity of Ha Giang Province in Northeastern Vietnam, with Descriptions of Two New Species. American Museum Novitates. 3453

http://vncreatures.net/data/date_2009/data_4.pdf

[Herpetology • 2003] Rana bacboensis, R. hmongorum, R. daorum, R. banaorum, R. morafkai and R. megatympanum • Cryptic species of Cascade Frog Rana chloronota complex from Southeast Asia : Taxonomic Revisions and Description of 6 new species from Vietnam

Abstract

The Southeast Asian cascade frog, Rana livida (Blyth, 1856), has long been suspected to be a complex of species. Several different forms are described from across its vast range. The loss of type material and disparate sampling efforts are challenges. Is variability in this species due to geographic variation or to the presence of multiple species? We use concordant evidence from morphology, morphometrics, cellular DNA content, and allozyme electrophoresis to investigate diversity in R. livida from Vietnam. Three distinct species are recognized on the basis of morphology, as are four other suspect groups (morphotypes). Discriminant function analyses of morphometric data detect patterns of morphological variation among all seven groups. Pairwise comparison of cellular DNA content using t-tests shows significant differences among sympatric morphotypes, suggesting they represent distinct species. This hypothesis is supported by an analysis of 14 allozymic loci, in which fixed allelic differences are found among specimens in sympatry and allopatry. Examination of available type material of four junior synonyms of R. livida results in their recognition as species. One of these species, R. chloronota, is a wide-ranging species erroneously referred to as R. livida. Seven species occur in Vietnam.

We describe six new cryptic species belonging to the Rana chloronota complex, redescribeR. chloronota, R. livida, R. sinica, and R. graminea, and give comments on R. leporipes. Three of these new species (R. bacboensis, new species, R. hmongorum, new species, and R. daorum, new species) occur in montane forests in northern Vietnam, and two (R. banaorum, new species and R. morafkai, new species) are known only from the Tay Nguyen Plateau of Vietnam’s Central Highlands. One species, R. megatympanum, new species, occurs in portions of both northern Vietnam and the Central Highlands. An identification key for the Rana chloronota complex from Vietnam is provided. The finding of six cryptic species within a small portion of the geographic region of R. chloronota suggests that many more cascade ranids await discovery. This documentation has serious implications for conservation; each of the new species occurs in sympatry with at least one other member of the complex. Consequently, far more species are being affected by habitat loss than was previously thought.

— New species —

Rana bacboensis, new species

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name, derived from Bac Bo, the Vietnamese name for northern Vietnam (often referred to as Tonkin), reflects this species’ distribution.

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY: Rana bacboensis occurs in forested montane river systems across northern Vietnam. These rivers vary from shallow and slow moving to torrential and deep. Specimens may be found on boulders and logs, both in and around the water and in the adjacent forest. Radiographs revealed that females feed on large invertebrates, including small freshwater crabs. Females were collected in April–May and October. The holotype, collected in October, has fully developed ova, and two females (ROM 26358, 29529) collected in the spring have undeveloped ova suggesting a fall breeding season. No calls are associated with this species. The tadpoles are unknown.

REMARKS: Cascade ranids bearing white eggs lay them under rocks, sheltered from the sunlight (Pope, 1931; ROM field notes, 1996). In contrast, the black eggs of R. bacboensis might be found where they are exposed to sunlight to promote development, are quirement for some species with melanic eggs (Duellman and Trueb, 1986).

Rana daorum, new species

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a patronym for the ao people (pronounced –D‘‘zao’’) of northern Vietnam.

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY: This species is known from the vicinity of Sa Pa village,

Lao Cai Province in northern Vietnam. The photograph of a froglet of R. livida (in Karsen et al., 1998) also documents the occurrence of R. daorum in Hong Kong. The distinctive granular dorsolateral fold of R. daorum is clearly visible in the misidentified frog.

In early May, male Vietnamese R. daorum are actively calling by 1000 hours on partially submerged rocks in cascades as well as in vegetation adjacent to the streams. Females, although not as common, can be found slightly farther away from streams in more dense vegetation. One male (ROM 26394) was found in amplexus with the holotype (fig. 6E).

REMARKS: Rana daorum differs substantially from R. graminea (Boulenger, 1899; Bourret, 1942) despite having a dorsolateral fold. Its small, forked xiphisternum differs from the large, deeply notched element of other members in the Rana chloronota complex and the subgenus Odorrana (sensu Fei et al., 1990) and more closely resembles that of male Huia nasica (Yang, 1991b). Huia nasica shares range, habitat and morphological similarities with the Rana chloronota complex: greatly expanded finger and toe disks, tremendous sexual dimorphism in size, white eggs, paired gular pouches, and a high chirplike call (Boulenger, 1920; Pope, 1931; Bourret, 1942).

Rana hmongorum, new species

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a patronym for the Hmong (pronounced ‘‘huhmung’’) people, an ethnic group in the northern montane regions of Vietnam. Their assistance made it possible for us to document the fauna of Hoang Lien Mountains.

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY: This species is only known only from the vicinity of

Mount Fan Si Pan at approximately 1900 m or above. Adults were found along the cascades of a waterfall and along the mossy slopes of a human-made culvert.

Rana morafkai, new species

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name honors David Joseph Morafka, Research Associate

of the Royal Ontario Museum and California Academy of Sciences, in recognition of his

unfailing friendship, his unselfish development and perpetuation of multiple, independent research programs, and for his catapulting the careers of many conservation biologists.

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY: Rana morafkai is known only from the Tay Nguyen Plateau of the Central Highlands, Gia Lai Province, Vietnam. It inhabits forested montane river systems. Specimens may be found on or near rapids or waterfalls. In at least May and June, male specimens may have distended gular pouches, indicating that this species breeds in spring.

REMARKS: This species has been previously referred to as R. livida by Inger and Chanard (1997) and Inger et al. (1999).

Rana banaorum, new species

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a patronym for the Ba Na people, an ethnic group living on the Tay Nguyen Plateau (Central Highlands) of south-central Vietnam where this species occurs.

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY: Rana banaorum is known only from the Tay Nguyen Plateau of the Central Highlands, Gia Lai Province, Vietnam. It inhabits forested montane river systems on or near rapids or waterfalls of primary and disturbed second growth. In May and June males have tight, leathery gular pouches, suggesting that they are not calling and that the breeding season occurs during some other time.

REMARKS: Inger and Chanard (1997) and Inger et al. (1999) noted that specimens of Rana chloronota (as R. livida) from An Khe have more pronounced dorsolateral folds than elsewhere in Vietnam. These frogs do not fit Bourret’s (1942) interpretation of R. graminea as a ‘‘northern variety’’ of R. chloronota. These differences likely reflect the occurrence of three sympatric species of the R. chloronota complex from this region. Some male R. banaorum have indistinct, microscopic spinules on the dorsal surface of the leg extending to the feet, forming a ‘‘saw-tooth’’ formation along the lateral edge of toe (seen in FMNH specimens that are not part of the type series).

Rana megatympanum, new species

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun in opposition, derived from the Latin prefix ‘‘mega’’ (meaning very large) and ‘‘tympanum’’, in reference to the relatively large tympanum of this species.

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY: Rana megatympanum is known from northern and north-central Vietnam. It occurs in montane rivers that vary from shallow and slow moving to torrential and deep. It may be found on boulders and logs, both in and around the water as well as in the adjacent forest. Radiographs revealed that large invertebrates (both insects and crustaceans) form part of the diet. Vocalizations and tadpoles are unknown.

REMARKS: The dorsolateral fold and very large tympanum of male R. megatympanum potentially make it Bourret’s (1942) ‘‘northern form’’ of R. chloronota (5 R. graminea). However, R. graminea is bright green above (Boulenger, 1899) in contrast to the olivebrown dorsum of R. megatympanum.

Fig. 11. Members of the Rana chloronota complex. (A) Male and female and (B) male R. chloronota, Nghe An Province, Vietnam. C. R. graminea, male, Hainan Island, China, (NLO field series 26375). D. R. bacboensis,new species, holotype, a female from Nghe An Province, Vietnam. (E) Female holotype and male paratype in amplexus, and (F) juvenile paratype of R. daorum, new species, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam.

Fig. 14. Members of the Rana chloronota complex from Vietnam. A. Paratype of R. hmongorum,

new species, male from Lao Cai Province. (B) Female, brown (night) phase, (C) female, green (day) phase, and (D) male of R. morafkai, new species, from Gia Lai Province. (E) Female and (F) male of R. banaorum, new species, from Gia Lai Province. (G, H) female of R. megatympanum new species.

Bain, R.H., A. Lathrop, R.W. Murphy, N. Orlov, and T.C. Ho. 2003. Cryptic species of a cascade frog from southeast Asia: taxonomic revisions and descriptions of six new species. American Museum Novitates. 3417: 1–60.
http://cbc.amnh.org/center/staff/pdf/bain-pub/Bainetal2003.pdf

[Botany • 2011] Dendrokingstonia gardneri (Annonaceae) • new species from Peninsular Thailand & A taxonomic revision of the Genus

Figure 1. Flowers and fruits of Dendrokingstonia.

A, B, Dendrokingstonia gardneri: A, flower; B, fruit with two monocarps.

The genus Dendrokingstonia (Annonaceae) is taxonomically revised and palynologically studied. Three species are recognized, one of which, D. gardneri, is described as new to science. One new combination, D. acuminata, is made. The genus occurs from southern Thailand to Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra. On the basis of macromorphology and pollen characters, it is considered to be related to Monocarpia. Both genera show a combination of macromorphological characters that is rare in the family, i.e. considerably enlarged stigmas, leaves with percurrent tertiary veins, a highly reduced number of carpels per flower and relatively large monocarps with a thick, hard wall. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy show that the pollen grains of Dendrokingstonia and Monocarpia are monosulcate monads with a columellate infratectum and a more or less bulging intine at the sulcus.

Keywords: new combination; new species; palynology; systematics; taxonomy

Dendrokingstonia gardneri Chaowasku, sp. nov. ( Figs 1A, B,)

Type: Thailand, Trang, Khao Banthat Wildlife Sanctuary, Ton Plew Waterfall, x.2006, in fruit, Gardner & Sidisunthorn ST 2575a (holotype L0298137!; isotypes BKF, K).

Dendrokingstoniae nervosae et D. acuminatae aliquantum diversa, floribus solitariis (vs. fasciculatis), toro elevato (vs. plano), sepalis connatis (vs. liberis), staminum multum plurimorum differt. Praeterea in D. gardneri petioli plerumque breviores, folii basis semper cuneata, versus obtusa ad rotundata in alioribus.

Distribution: Southern Thailand and Northern Peninsular Malaysia (Fig. 5).

Habitat, ecology and phenology: Occurring in undulating forests or in shady understorey of (primary) lowland (moist) evergreen forests; at base of limestone cliffs or on limestone tufa next to permanent waterfalls. Elevation: under 50 m to 130 m. Flowering specimens: collected in February and April. Fruiting specimens: collected in October, January and March.

Field notes: Bole straight, monopodial. Bark smooth or rugged, dark brown, greyish-green, pale grey or mid-grey, slash inner bark fibrous, yellow or brown, slash wood white or pale yellowish-white. Leaves glossy dark green above, paler green below, young leaves whitish. Flowers downturned, sepals yellow in open flowers, petals cream or dull brownish-yellow. Fruits pale brownish-yellow outside, pale yellow inside.

Etymology: Named after the chief collector (Simon Gardner) who kindly sent the interesting specimens to L for identification.

Figure 5. Distribution of Dendrokingstonia: D. acuminata (filled triangles); D. gardneri (filled squares); D. nervosa (filled circles).

A taxonomic revision and pollen morphology of the genus Dendrokingstonia (Annonaceae)

DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01187.x

[Botany • 2011] มะเข่ว Neo-uvaria sparsistellata & มะเหน่ง N. telopea | 2 new Neo-uvaria (Annonaceae) from Peninsular Thailand

FIGURE 1. Flowers and fruits of Neo-uvaria; A–C. Neo-uvaria telopea: (A) Flower at female anthesis; (B) Flower at male anthesis, showing the blackened stamens; (C) Fruit with five monocarps. E, N. sparsistellata: (E) Flower at female anthesis. Photographs: B, E, S. Gardner; A, C, S. Punnadee.

Abstract

Two new species of Neo-uvaria are described from southern Thailand: Neo-uvaria sparsistellata and N. telopea. In addition, new combinations are made for two Mitrephora species from the Philippines: N. merrillii and N. viridifolia. The pollen morphology of eight Neo-uvaria species and three species of the closely related genus Enicosanthum is studied, using light, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. The systematic affinity of Neo-uvaria is discussed on the basis of macromorphology, pollen morphology and molecular phylogenetics. The genus Enicosanthum appears to be the closest relative of Neo-uvaria.

Key words: miliusoid clade, palynology, short branch clade, systematics, taxonomy, the Philippines, Thailand

— New species —

Neo-uvaria sparsistellata Chaowasku, sp. nov. (Figs. 1E, F; 2; 3)

Neo-uvaria viridifolia proxima, praecipue petalis minoribus, staminibus carpellisque paucioribus differt.

TYPE:—THAILAND. Phatthalung Province: Si Ban Phot District, Khao Pu/Khao Ya National Park, headquarters, August 2005, Gardner et al. ST 1894 (holotype L!, isotypes BKF, K), in flower and fruit (quite young).

Distribution:— Peninsular Thailand [Phatthalung Province (Fig. 3)] [only known from two collections (Chaowasku 99 and Gardner et al. ST 1894) collected from the same individual].

Habitats and Phenology:— Occurring in aggrading evergreen/deciduous forests amongst limestone outcrops. Elevation ca. 120 m. Flowering August, December. Fruiting August, December.

Etymology:— The epithet refers to the sparse stellate indumentum on the lower leaf surface.

Vernacular names:— Ma-Khiew (Thai).

Neo-uvaria telopea Chaowasku, sp. nov. (Figs. 1A–C; 3; 4)

Neo-uvaria foetida e Malaysia peninsulari proxima, precipue foliis plerumque maioribus, venis tertiariis adiacentibus plus distantibus, pilis (plus) densibus, floribus maioribus, staminum numero minore differt.

TYPE:—THAILAND. Ranong Province: Klong Nakha Wildlife Sanctuary, September 2008, Chaowasku 77 (holotype L!, isotype BKF!), in fruit.

Distribution:— Peninsular Thailand [Ranong Province (Fig. 3)] [only known from two collections (Chaowasku 77 and Gardner & Sidisunthorn ST 1992) collected from the same individual].

Habitats and Phenology:— Occurring in understory of semi-disturbed lowland evergreen forests. Elevation ca. 120 m. Flowering December (collection Gardner & Sidisunthorn ST 1992). Fruiting September (collection Chaowasku 77).

Field notes:— Crown monopodial with horizontal branching. Bark dark brown, smooth with very shallow horizontal cracks with raised edges; middle bark indistinct; inner bark cream, fibrous. Petals pale green aging greenish-yellow, thick and fleshy; staminal mass pale yellow, blackened at male anthesis (Fig. 1B). Monocarps brown with velvety hairs.

Etymology:— The epithet refers to the huge size of the monocarps (Fig. 1C), which therefore can be easily seen from afar.

Vernacular names:— Ma-Neng (Thai).

--------------------------

— New combinations —

Neo-uvaria merrillii (C.B.Rob.) Chaowasku, comb. nov.

—THE PHILIPPINES. Luzon

Neo-uvaria viridifolia (Elmer) Chaowasku, comb. nov.

—THE PHILIPPINES. Mindanao

--------------------------

2011: Taxonomic novelties and pollen morphological study in the genus Neo-uvaria (Annonaceae): http://mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00032p042.pdf

http://www.google.co.th/search?gcx=w&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8&q=neo-uvaria

http://www.siamensis.org/webboard/topic/34716

[Botany • 2010] An Extended Phylogeny of Pseuduvaria (Annonaceae) with Descriptions of Three New Species and a Reassessment of the Generic Status of Oreomitra | 3 new Pseuduvaria from Southeast Asia • P. fragrans, P. gardneri from Thailand and P. glossopetala from Malaysia

Abstract

Three new species of Pseuduvaria (Annonaceae) from Peninsular Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia are described and named as P. fragrans, P. gardneri, and P. glossopetala. A recent molecular phylogenetic study, based on 51 species (including P. fragrans), elucidated the evolutionary relationships within the genus. The present study includes P. gardneri and P. glossopetala in the phylogenetic analyses using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods, based on five chloroplast regions (psbA—trnH spacer, trnL—F, matK, rbcL, and atpB—rbcL spacer). The new nomenclatural combination Pseuduvaria phuyensis is also validated in accordance with the phylogenetic analyses which show that Craibella phuyensis and Pseuduvaria form a well-supported monophyletic clade. The new species and new nomenclature combination bring the total number of species in Pseuduvaria to 56. The taxonomic status of the enigmatic monotypic genus Oreomitra from New Guinea is furthermore evaluated, and the name shown to be synonymous with Pseuduvaria.

Keywords: classification, New Guinea, Peninsular Malaysia, systematics, taxonomy, Thailand

Figs . 3–8. Inflorescences and fruits of Pseuduvaria fragrans and P. gardneri.

Pseuduvaria fragrans Y. C. F. Su, Chaowasku & R. M. K. Saunders, sp. nov.

—TYPE: THAILAND. Klong Phanom National Park, Surat Thani Province, 14 Nov 2006, T. Chaowasku 27 (holotype: L!; isotype: HKU!).

Species Pseuduvariae multiovulatae (C. E. C. Fischer) J. Sinclair similis, sed pedicellis florum et fructuum brevissimis (3–10 mm et ca. 12 mm longis), petalis exterioribus minoribus (3–4 mm longis), petalis interioribus minoribus (4.5–5.5 mm longis), stamina parvis (ca. 24), carpellis parvis (ca. 3) parvis, monocarpiis sessilibus, et internodiis rhachium longioribus (ca. 10 mm) differt.

Pseuduvaria gardneri Y. C. F. Su, Chaowasku & R. M. K. Saunders, sp. nov.

—TYPE: THAILAND. Khao Nom Phrai, Huai Yot, Trang Province, 15 Feb 2006, S. Gardner & P. Sidisunthorn ST2313 (holotype: L!).

Species Pseuduvariae fragrans Y. C. F. Su, Chaowasku & R. M. K. Saunders similis, sed pedunculis florum et fructuum brevissimis (ca. 3–5 mm longis) et petalis interioribus glandulosis solitariis et cordatus differt.

Pseuduvaria glossopetala Y. C. F. Su & R. M. K. Saunders, sp. nov.

—TYPE: PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. Padang Rengas, Gunong Pondok, Perak, 12 Mar 1971, S. C. Chin 875 (holotype: L!; isotype: KEP!).

Species Pseuduvaria gardneri Y. C. F. Su, Chaowasku & R. M. K. Saunders similis, sed petalis interioribus glandibus glossus et basi unguiculata latus differt.

Yvonne C. F. Su, Tanawat Chaowasku, and Richard M. K. Saunders. 2010. An Extended Phylogeny of Pseuduvaria (Annonaceae) with Descriptions of Three New Species and a Reassessment of the Generic Status of Oreomitra. Systematic Botany. 35:1, 30-39 DOI: 10.1600/036364410790862533
researchgate.net/publication/227340152_An_extended_phylogeny_of_Pseuduvaria_%28Annonaceae%29_with_descriptions_of_three_new_species_and_a_reassessment_of_the_generic_status_of_Oreomitra

[Botany • 2004] อนุพรหม | Pseuduvaria (originally Craibella) phuyensis (Annonaceae) • new species from Western Thailand

Pseuduvaria phuyensis (R. M. K. Saunders, Y. C. F. Su, & Chalermglin)

Y. C. F. Su & R. M. K. Saunders, comb. nov. (2010)

Craibella phuyensis R. M. K. Saunders, Y. C. F. Su, & Chalermglin gen. et sp. nov. (2004)

ABSTRACT

A new genus and species, Craibella phuyensis (Annonaceae), is described from Kanchanaburi Province, western Thailand. Craibella is a genus of small trees with pendent, unisexual flowers; the petals are in two whorls, with the larger inner whorl forming a mitriform dome over the reproductive organs. It is suggested that the genus is most closely related to Pseuduvaria and Orophea, but is distinguished from both by the combination of leaf-opposed inflorescences, elongated-conical torus in staminate flowers, and unusual staminal connectives that are apically expanded but do not extend distally over the thecae. Other significant differences include unisexual flowers, distinguishing Craibella from Orophea, and solitary pollen grains (monads), distinguishing it from Pseuduvaria.

FIG. 2. Flowers and fruits of Craibella phuyensis. A. Entire flower, with three reflexed outer petals and three connivent inner petals; sepals not visible. B. Staminate flower, with closest inner petal removed. C, D. Monocarps, illustrating color variation. (A, B, R. M. K. Saunders et al. 99/2; C, D, P. Chalermglin 420701). Scale bars: A, B 5 ca. 5 mm; C, D 5 ca. 10 mm.

Craibella R. M. K. Saunders, Y. C. F. Su & Chalermglin, gen. nov.

—TYPE SPECIES: Craibella phuyensis R. M. K. Saunders, Y. C. F. Su & Chalermglin, sp. nov.

Etymology: After William G. Craib (1882–1933), plant taxonomist based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, specializing on the flora of Thailand.

Craibella phuyensis R. M. K. Saunders, Y. C. F. Su & Chalermglin, sp. nov.

— TYPE: THAILAND. Kanchanaburi Province, Sangkhlaburi District: Phuye, ca. 35 km N of Thong Pha Phum, ca. 158 09 N, 988 409 E, undergrowth of closed canopy in primary forest, 15 December 1999, R. M. K. Saunders, A. D. Weerasooriya & P. Chalermglin 99/2 (holotype: BKF; isotypes: C [X 2], CMU, HKU, K [X 2], L [X 2]).

Distribution and Ecology. Apparently endemic to Kanchanaburi Province, western Thailand (Fig. 5). Growing under closed canopy in a primary forest, at low elevations (150–300 m). Co-occurring species include: Arenga westerhoutii Griff. (Palmae); Dillenia indica L. (Dilleniaceae); Magnolia liliifera (L.) Baill. (Magnoliaceae); Miliusa thorelii Finet & Gagnep. (Annonaceae); Polyalthia simiarum Benth. & Hook. f. (Annonaceae); and Pseuduvaria setosa (King) J. Sinclair (Annonaceae). The creation of the Khao Laem Dam in 1984 (subsequently re-named the Wajiralongkorn Dam) resulted in the flooding of considerable areas of similar forest, and possibly reduced the number of populations of Craibella phuyensis. A more immediate risk to surviving populations, however, is the slash-and-burn cultivation practiced by the indigenous hill tribes.

Thai vernacular name. อนุพรหม Anuphrom.

Saunders, R. M. K., Y. C. F. Su, and P. Chalermglin. 2004. Craibella phuyensis (Annonaceae): a new genus and species from Thailand. Systematic Botany 29: 42–49. DOI: 10.1600/036364404772974202

Yvonne C. F. Su, Tanawat Chaowasku, and Richard M. K. Saunders. 2010. An Extended Phylogeny of Pseuduvaria (Annonaceae) with Descriptions of Three New Species and a Reassessment of the Generic Status of Oreomitra. Systematic Botany. 35:1, 30-39 DOI: 10.1600/036364410790862533

[Botany • 2002] สบันงาป่า | Polyalthia corticosa (Pierre) Finet & Gagnep. (Annonaceae) • new record from Northern Thailand

Abstract

Polyalthia corticosa (Pierre) Finet & Gagnep., newly recorded from Thailand, is described. Two lectotypes are selected here.

Thailand.— NORTHERN: Phrae (Huai Hom, Ban Nam Krai, Huai Yuak), Uttaradit.

Distribution.— Laos, Vietnam.

Ecology.—Along streams in dry evergreen forest, 500–800 m. Flowering Feb.–May, fruiting March–July.

Vernacular.— Sa ban nga pa (สบันงาป่า).

Specimens examined.— A. Chanthamuk 43 (BKF); C. Phengklai 50 (BKF); T. Smitinand & A. Cheke 10805 (BKF).

Notes.— Polyalthia corticosa differs from P. evecta (Pierre) Phamh. (characters in brackets) in being a medium-sized (shrubby tree) tree, with rough (smooth) twigs, with the outer and inner petals more or less the same size (inner petals larger) and with two (one) ovules per carpel The Thai specimens extend the range of P. corticosa from Vietnam and Laos westward to northern Thailand.

Bunchalee P, Chantaranothai P. 2006 Notes on Polyalthia (Annonaceae). Thai Forest Bull., Bot. no. 34. 1-3.: http://web3.dnp.go.th/botany/PDF/TFB/TFB34/TFB34_1Polyalthia.pdf

[Botany • 2005] นมแดงทองผาภูมิ | Polyalthia kanchanaburiana S. Khumchompoo & A. Thongpukdee (Annonaceae) • new species from Thailand

ABSTRACT

Polyalthia kanchanaburiana S. Khumchompoo & A. Thongpukdee is newly described from Thailand. It differs from Polyalythia micrantha most notably in its scandent habit, in a number of floral features including many more carpels 8–20 as opposed to 1–9 and a clavate not globose stigma and in its oblong-lanceolate leaf and acuminate leaf apex.

Keywords: Polyalthia, Annonaceae, Thailand

Polyalthia kanchanaburiana S. Khumchompoo & A. Thongpukdee, sp. nov. P. micrantha aqua foliis oblongo-lanceolatis (non oblongo-ovatis) apicibus acuminatis (non acutis), floribus solitariis terminalibus vel fasciculo 2–3-floribus, foliis oppositis, terminalibus vel caulifloris (non nisi solitariis), petalis exterioribus parvioribus (adversum aequimagna), carpidiis 8–19 (adversum 1–9), ovulis 3(1) (non 1–2), stigmate clavato (non globoso) et appendice staminis truncata (non cylindrica) differt.

Typus: Thailand, Kanchanaburi, Ban Rai, Queen’s crab swamp forest, Thongpaphum National Park, 21 Nov. 2003, Khumchompoo & Thongpukdee 36 –1 (holotypus BKF; isotypi CMU, K, KKU, L). Figs. 1–4.

Ecology.— Scattered in Queen’s crab swamp forest (Phu Pu Rachini), 400–600 m. altitude.

Phenology.— Flowering in May–June. Fruiting in June–November or possibly throughout the year.

Etymology.— Polyalthia kanchanaburiana is named after the type locality.

Notes.— Polyalthia kanchanaburiana is very similar to P. micrantha but differs in having 8–20 carpels, (1–)3 ovules, a clavate stigma, a truncate staminal appendage, unequal whorled petals and an acuminate leaf apex.

Khumchompoo S, Thongpukdee A. 2005 Polyalthia kanchanaburiana (Annonaceae): a new species from Thailand. Thai Forest Bull., Bot. no.33. 35-41: http://web3.dnp.go.th/botany/PDF/TFB/TFB33/TFB33_6Polyalthia.pdf

[Botany • 2002] จำปายะลา | Polyalthia lateritia J. Sinclaire (Annonaceae) • new record from Peninsular Thailand

Bunchalee P, Chantaranothai P. 2002. Polyalthia lateritia J. Sinclaire (Annonaceae), a new record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bull., Bot. no.30. 59-61 http://web3.dnp.go.th/botany/PDF/TFB/TFB30/TFB30_8Polyalthia_lateritia.pdf

[Botany • 2005] ปีออกาแซ | Miliusa longiflora Hook.f. & Thomson) Baill. ex Finet & Gagnep. (Annonaceae) • new record for Thailand

Miliusa longiflora (Hook.f. & Thomson) Baill. ex Finet & Gagnep.

ABSTRACT

Miliusa longiflora, newly recorded from Kanchanaburi, Thailand, is described and illustrated.

The genus Miliusa Lesch. consists of ca. 45 species distributed mostly in Asia (Kessler et al. 2000). About 15 species have been recorded for Thailand (Mols and Kessler 2003). The latest newly described species, M. tirunelvelica, was described on material from India by Murugan et al. (2004). The Annonaceae is now under revision for the Flora of Thailand, coordinated by Paul Kessler.

Recently, the first author found M. longiflora during her field work to Bueng Namthip, Thongphaphum National Park, Tumbon Banrai, Kanchanaburi Province in 2003. The description herein is based on this Thai material.

Thailand.— NORTHERN: Mae Hong Son [18 June 1973, Geesink, Phanichpol, Santisuk 5970 (BKF)]; Chiang Mai [Doi Ang Khang,14 Nov. 1992, Santisuk 8556(BKF)]; Lampoon [Doi Khun Tan National Park, Maxwell 94-284, Maxwell 94-573; 28 Dec. 1994, Maxwell 94-1311 (CMU)]; SOUTH-WESTERN: Uthai Thani [ Huai Kha Khaeng , Banrai, 18 June 1976, Van Beusekom & Santisuk 2876 (BKF); 9 April 1996, Wongprasert s.n. (BKF)]; Kanchanaburi [Bueng Namthip, Thongphaphum National Park, 29 Jan. 2004, Khumchompoo & Thongpukdee 22 (BKF)].

Distribution.— Burma, India.

Ecology.— Mixed deciduous forest, 300–350 m above sea level. Recorded from

one site growing in moist soil. Flowering January–February. Fruiting March–May.

Vernacular.— Pe-or-ka-sae (ปีออกาแซ).

Khumchompoo S, Thongpukdee A. 2005. Miliusa longiflora (Hook.f. & Thomson) Baill. ex Finet & Gagnep. (Annonaceae), a new record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bull., Bot. no.33. 32-34: http://web3.dnp.go.th/botany/PDF/TFB/TFB33/TFB33_5Miliusa.pdf