[Paleontology • 2010] Koreanosaurus boseongensis • A New Basal Ornithopod Dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of South Korea

Koreanosaurus boseongensis

Huh, Lee, Kim, Lim & Godefroit, 2011

Abstract

The Seonso Conglomerate (?Santonian – Campanian, Late Cretacous) of Boseong site 5 (southern coast of Korean Peninsula) has yielded well-preserved postcranial material belonging to a new taxon of ornithischian dinosaur, Koreanosaurus boseongensis nov. gen., nov. sp. This dinosaur is characterized by elongated neck vertebrae, very long and massive scapulocoracoid and humerus, proportionally short hindlimbs with a low hindlimb ratio for tibia/femur, and anteroposteriorly-elongated femoral head forming an obtuse 135° angle with the femoral shaft. Koreano saurus displays a series of neornithischian synapomorphies. Amongst Neornithischia, most features of the postcranial skeleton suggest affinities with basal ornithopods and, amongst them, particularly with a small clade formed by three genera from the Cretaceous of Montana: Zephyrosaurus schaffi, Orodromeus makelai, and Oryctodromeus cubicularis. According to the morphological, phylogenetic, sedimentological, and taphonomic data at hand, it is tentatively postulated that Koreanosaurus was a burrowing dinosaur, like Oryctodromeus.

Key words: Boseong, Korea, Late Cretaceous, Koreanosaurus boseongensis nov. gen., nov. sp., dinosaurs, basal ornithopods

Min Huh, Dae-Gil Lee, Jung-Kyun Kim, Jong-Deock Lim, Pascal Godefroit. 2011. "A new basal ornithopod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of South Korea". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palaeontologie, Abhandlungen. 259 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2010/0102.

[Paleontology • 2011] Koreaceratops hwaseongensis • the First Ceratopsian dinosaur in the Korean peninsula — A Swimming Ceratopsian?

Koreaceratops is a combination of "Korea" and the Greek κερας/keras meaning 'horn' and οψις/opsis meaning 'face'. The type species is K. hwaseongensis, named after Hwaseong City.

The remains of Koreaceratops - the tip of the tail is to the upper right and the partial legs are to the lower left. From Lee et al., 2011.

Abstract

In 2008, a new basal neoceratopsian was discovered in the Tando beds (Albian) of Tando Basin in SouthKorea. It represents the first ceratopsian dinosaur in the Korean peninsula and is assigned to Koreaceratops hwaseongensisgen. et sp. nov. Autapomorphies of Koreaceratops includevery tall neural spines over five times higher than the associated centra in the distal caudals, and a unique astragalus divided into two fossae by a prominent craniocaudal ridge on the proximal surface. A phylogenetic analysis indicates that Koreaceratops is positioned between Archaeoceratops and all more derived neoceratopsians, and the elongation of caudal neural spines was an important derivedcharacter in non-ceratopsid neoceratopsians. The very tall caudal neural spines in Koreaceratops, Montanoceratops,Udanoceratops, Protoceratops, and Bagaceratops appear tobe homoplasious, suggesting an independent adaptation, possibly for swimming. Skeletal evidence suggests that obligate quadrupedalism occurred gradually in neoceratopsians progressing from bipedal through facultative quadrupedalism, to complete quadrupedalism in Coronosauria.

Keywords: Basal neoceratopsian, Koreaceratops hwaseongensis, Tando beds, Late Early Cretaceous, Hwaseong City, South Korea

Koreaceratops hwaseongensis

The first Ceratopsian dinosaur from South Korea

— A Swimming Ceratopsian? from blogs.smithsonianmag.com

Lee, Yuong-Nam; Ryan, Michael J.; and Kobayashi, Yoshitsugo. 2011. "The first ceratopsian dinosaur from South Korea". Naturwissenschaften. 98 (1): 39–49.

doi: 10.1007/s00114-010-0739-y

[Paleontology • 2010] Sinoceratops zhuchengensis • the First Ceratopsid, Horned Dinosaur, from China

Sinoceratops zhuchengensis

• the First Ceratopsid, Horned Dinosaur, from China

Image Credit: Olorotitan on DeviantArt

Abstract

Ceratopsid dinosaurs represent one of the best known dinosaur groups in the Late Cretaceous, and their unquestionable fossil records are exclusively restricted to western North America. Here we report a new ceratopsid dinosaur, Sinoceratops zhuchengensis gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Cretaceous Wangshi Group of Zhucheng, Shandong Province, China. Cladistic analysis places this new taxon as the only known ceratopsid from outside North America, in a basal position within the Centrosaurinae. It is con-siderably larger than most other centrosaurines but similar in size to basal chasmosaurines. Furthermore, it is more similar to chasmosaurines than to other centrosaurines in several features, thus blurring the distinction of the two ceratopsid subgroups. This new find not only provides significant information on the morphological transition from non-ceratopsid to ceratopsid dinosaurs, but also complicates the biogeography of the Ceratopsidae, and further demonstrates that fossil sampling has profound effects on recon-structing dinosaurian biogeography.

Keywords: Late Cretaceous, Wangshi Group, Ceratopsidae, Centrosaurinae, biogeography

Figure 1: Photograph of Sinoceratops zhuchengensis holotype. ZCDMV0010 skull in right lateral (a) and right laterodorsal (b) views; ZCDMV0010 parietals in dorsal (c), posterior (d), and ventral (e) views. Abbreviations: bp, bump; ff, frontal fontanelle; mb, median bump; mr, midline ramus;nb, nasal bump; nh, nasal horn; ob, orbit; pb, postorbital bump; sb, supraorbital bump. Scale bar = 8 cm for (a), (b) and 6 cm for (c), (d), and (e).

Sinoceratops zhuchengensis

— the First Ceratopsid, Horned Dinosaur, from China

http://csb.scichina.com:8080/kxtbe/EN/abstract/abstract417557.shtml

Xu, X., Wang, K., Zhao, X. & Li, D. (2010). "First ceratopsid dinosaur from China and its biogeographical implications". Chinese Science Bulletin. 55(16): 1631–1635. DOI: 10.1007/s11434-009-3614-5.

[Paleontology • 2010] Coahuilaceratops magnacuerna • First horned dinosaur from Mexico, with the Largest Horn in Animal Kingdom

Coahuilaceratops magnacuerna, translates in part to "great horned horny face," and the dinosaur lives up to its description.

CREDIT: Lukas Panzarin

Coahuilaceratops magnacuerna [Late Cretaceous, 84 - 70 Ma]

— the Largest Horn in Animal Kingdom

First horned dinosaur from Mexico

Plant-eater had largest horns of any dinosaur

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-05/uou-fhd052510.php

NEW DINOSAUR HAD RECORD-SIZED HORNS

The 72-million-year-old herbivore found in Mexico used its 4-foot-long horns mainly to attract mates.

http://news.discovery.com/dinosaurs/big-horned-dinosaur-mexico.html

Loewen, M.A., Sampson, S.D., Lund, E.K., Farke, A.A., Aguillón-Martínez, M.C., de Leon, C.A., Rodríguez-de la Rosa, R.A., Getty, M.A., Eberth, D.A., 2010, "Horned Dinosaurs (Ornithischia: Ceratopsidae) from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Cerro del Pueblo Formation, Coahuila, Mexico", In: Michael J. Ryan, Brenda J. Chinnery-Allgeier, and David A. Eberth (eds), New Perspectives on Horned Dinosaurs: The Royal Tyrrell Museum Ceratopsian Symposium, Indiana University Press, 656 pp.

[Paleontology • 2011] Titanoceratops ouranos • a giant horned dinosaur from the Late Campanian of New Mexico, the US

Titanoceratops ouranos

[Late Cretaceous, New Mexico, USA]

New Dinosaur: Titanic Triceratops Ancestor? http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/02/110203-new-dinosaur-triceratops-father-science-titanoceratops/

New Dinosaur Species Discovered http://www.yalescientific.org/2011/05/new-dinosaur-species-discovered/

Nicholas R. Longrich. 2011. "Titanoceratops ouranos, a giant horned dinosaur from the Late Campanian of New Mexico". Cretaceous Research. 32 (3): 264–276. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2010.12.007.

[Paleontology • 2010] Utahceratops gettyi & Kosmoceratops richardsoni • from Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Utah, the US

Artist's rendering of two new dinosaur species -- Utahceratops gettyi (top) and Kosmoceratops richardsoni -- discovered in the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument of southern Utah.

CREDIT: Courtesy of Utah Museum of Natural History.

Utahceratops gettyi

κέρας (keras, "horn") and ὤψ (ōps, "face")

Kosmoceratops richardsoni

from Ancient Greek κόσμος (kosmos "ornament, decoration"),

κέρας (keras, "horn") and ὤψ (ōps, "face")

Phylogeny of the Ceratopsinae from Sampson et al. (2010)

Scott D. Sampson, Mark A. Loewen, Andrew A. Farke, Eric M. Roberts, Catherine A. Forster, Joshua A. Smith, Alan L. Titus (2010). Stepanova, Anna. ed. "New Horned Dinosaurs from Utah Provide Evidence for Intracontinental Dinosaur Endemism".

PLoS ONE. 5 (9): e12292 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012292.

Really Horny Dinosaur Heralded from Lost Continent http://www.livescience.com/8652-horny-dinosaur-heralded-lost-continent.html via @LIVESCIENCEdotcom

[Palaeontology • 1993] Teilhardina brandti • North American euprimate (Omomyidae) from the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum

“Teilhardina” brandti, which was originally described as the earliest Teilhardina from North America (Gingerich, 1993)

Gingerich PD. 1993. Early Eocene Teilhardina brandti: oldestomomyid primate from North America. Contrib Mus Paleontol Univ Michigan. 28:321–326.: [PDF file]

2011. New fossils of the oldest North American euprimate Teilhardina brandti (Omomyidae) from the paleocene–eocene thermal maximum: DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.21579

[Palaeontology • 2008] Teilhardina magnoliana • Oldest N. American Primate & Mammalian biogeography during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum

Teilhardina magnoliana, sp. nov. Reconstruction

Abstract

Undoubted primates first appear almost synchronously in the fossil records of Asia, Europe, and North America. This temporal pattern has complicated efforts to reconstruct the early dispersal history of primates in relation to global climate change and eustatic fluctuations in sea level. Here, I describe fossils from the Tuscahoma Formation on the Gulf Coastal Plain of Mississippi documenting an anatomically primitive species of Teilhardina that is older than other North American and European primates. Consistent with its antiquity, a phylogenetic analysis of dental characters recognizes Teilhardina magnoliana, sp. nov., as the most basal member of this genus currently known from either North America or Europe. Its stratigraphic provenance demonstrates that primates originally colonized North America near the base of the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), but before an important fall in eustatic sea level. Correlation based on carbon isotope stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy indicates that the earliest North American primates inhabited coastal regions of the continent for thousands of years before they were able to colonize the Rocky Mountain Interior. The transient provincialism displayed by early North American primates corresponds to similar biogeographic patterns noted among fossil plants. Decreased precipitation in the Rocky Mountain Interior during the early part of the PETM may have been an important factor in maintaining biotic provincialism within North America at this time. These results underscore the need to obtain multiple, geographically dispersed records bearing on significant macroevolutionary events such as the PETM.

Key words: Teilhardina Wasatchian dispersal phylogeny Omomyidae

Systematic Paleontology

Primates Linnaeus, 1758.

Omomyidae Trouessart, 1879.

Teilhardina Simpson, 1940.

Teilhardina magnoliana, sp. nov.

Etymology. For Mississippi, the Magnolia State.

Holotype. Carnegie Museum of Natural History (CM) 70435, an isolated left M2 (Fig. 1).

Type Locality. CM locality 517, uppermost part of the Tuscahoma Formation, Lauderdale County, MS.

Fig. 1. Composite partial dentition of Teilhardina magnoliana from the Tuscahoma Formation (earliest Eocene), Gulf Coastal Plain of Mississippi.

Beard, K.C. 2008. The oldest North American primate and mammalian biogeography during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (10): 3815. doi:10.1073/pnas.0710180105.

Pint-Sized Primates Were First in North America http://www.livescience.com/2343-pint-sized-primates-north-america.html

[Palaeontology • 2006] Rapid Asia-Europe-North America geographic dispersal of earliest Eocene primate Teilhardina • during the PETM

Fig 1.(D) We hypothesize that Teilhardina dispersed through continuous forest from southern Asia to Europe and from nothern Europe to North America during the first 25 Kyr of the PETM.

Abstract

True primates appeared suddenly on all three northern continents during the 100,000-yr-duration Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum at the beginning of the Eocene,
55.5 mya. The simultaneous or nearly simultaneous appearance of euprimates on northern continents has been difficult to understand because the source area, immediate ancestors, and dispersal routes were all unknown. Now, omomyid haplorhine Teilhardina is known on all three continents in association with the carbon isotope excursion marking the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. Relative position within the carbon isotope excursion indicates that Asian Teilhardina asiatica is oldest, European Teilhardina belgica is younger, and North American Teilhardina brandti and Teilhardina americana are, successively, youngest. Analysis of morphological characteristics of all four species supports an Asian origin and a westward Asia-to-Europe-to-North America dispersal for Teilhardina. High-resolution isotope stratigraphy indicates that this dispersal happened in an interval of
25,000 yr. Rapid geographic dispersal and morphological character evolution in Teilhardina reported here are consistent with rates observed in other contexts.

Key Words: carbon isotope excursion
euprimates
omomyids

Smith, T.; Rose, K.D.; Gingerich, P.D. 2006. "Rapid Asia-Europe-North America geographic dispersal of earliest Eocene primate Teilhardina during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 103 (30): 11223. doi:10.1073/pnas.0511296103.

[Botany • 2006] Towards a Monophyletic Hoya (Marsdenieae, Apocynaceae)

ABSTRACT

The delimitation of the genus Hoya, with at least 200 species distributed from India and China to Australia, from its closest relatives in the Marsdenieae has long been problematic, precluding an understanding of the evolution and biogeography of the genus. Traditional circumscriptions of genera in the Hoya alliance have relied on features of the flower, but these overlap extensively between clades and may be evolutionarily labile. We obtained chloroplast DNA sequences to infer the phylogenetic relationships among a sample of 35 taxa of Hoya and 11 other genera in the tribe Marsdenieae, namely Absolmsia, Cionura, Dischidia, Dregea, Gongronema, Gunnessia, Madangia, Marsdenia, Micholitzia, Rhyssolobium, and Telosma. Trees were rooted with representatives of Asclepiadeae, Ceropegieae, Fockeeae, Periplocoideae, and Secamonoideae. Hoya and Dischidia form a monophyletic group, but the phylogenetic signal in the chloroplast data analyzed here was insufficient to statistically support the mutual monophyly of the two genera. A monophyletic Hoya, however, must include the monotypic Absolmsia, Madangia, and Micholitzia, a result congruent with their flower morphology. The data also identified several well supported groups within Hoya. The morphologically unusual Gunnessia belongs firmly in the Marsdenieae, but it is not close to Hoya and Dischidia.

KEYWORDS: chloroplast, flowers, Hoya, Marsdenieae, phylogeny, rbcL-atpB spacer, trnL region.

FIG. 1. Representative genera of Marsdenieae. A. Hoya macgillivrayi (Australia). B. Dischidia ovata (New Guinea). C. Micholitzia obcordata (Thailand, India, and southern China). D. Gunnessia pepo (Australia). E. Madangia inflata (New Guinea). F. Absolmsia spartioides (Borneo). Photographs: A, B, E by D. Liddle, C by D. Goyder, D by G. Sankowsky and F by T. Nyhuus.

Towards a Monophyletic Hoya (Marsdenieae, Apocynaceae): Inferences from the Chloroplast trnL Region and the rbcL-atpB Spacer

Authors: Wanntorp, Livia; Kocyan, Alexander; van Donkelaar, Ruurd; Renner, Susanne S.

Source: Systematic Botany. 31 (3). 586-596. [PDF file]

[Botany • 2009] Hoya persicinicoronaria • a new species (Apocynaceae) from Hainan, China

ABSTRACT

The new species Hoya persicinicoronaria S. Y. He & P. T. Li (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) is described and illustrated from Hainan, China. The morphology of the related species H. pottsii Traill and H. liangii Tsiang are compared to the new species, which differs in its indumentum, leaf arrangement, leaflet pattern, leaf shape, apex, and size, calyx shape, and corolla color.

Key words: Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae, China, Hainan, Hoya, IUCN Red List.

Hoya persicinicoronaria (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae), a New Species from Hainan, China

Author(s) :Shao-yun He, Ping-tao Li, Jia-yi Lin, and Xiang-hui Yang

Source: Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature, 19(4):475-478. 2009.

DOI: 10.3417/2008001 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3417/2008001

[Botany • 2009] Hoya bawanglingensis • a new species of Hoya (Apocynaceae) from Hainan, China

ABSTRACT

A new species, Hoya bawanglingensis S. Y. He & P. T. Li (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae), is described and illustrated from Hainan, China. The morphological characters of H. bawanglingensis and the related species H. pottsii Traill are compared. Hoya bawanglingensis differs in the pubescence of its young stems, both leaf surfaces, petioles, peduncles, pedicels, outer calyx lobes, and follicles. The corolla lobes are white with purple spots, and the corona is white with a purplish center.

Key words: Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae, China, Hainan, Hoya, IUCN Red List.

A New Species of Hoya (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) from Hainan, China

Author(s) :Shao-yun He, Ping-tao Li, Jia-yi Lin, and Mei-ling Zeng

Source: Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature, 19(3):357-359. 2009.

DOI: 10.3417/2007154 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.3417/2007154

[Botany • 2009] Hoya baishaensis • a new species (Apocynaceae) from Hainan, China

Hoya baishaensis S.Y. He & P.T. Li sp. nova (Apocynaceae) from Hainan, China is described and illustrated. The morphological characteristics of H. baishaensis and the fairly similar H. griffithii and H. radicalis are compared. Hoya baishaensis differs in its leaf shape, pedicel, calyx and corolla color.

Keywords: Apocynaceae, Hoya, new species, taxonomy

He, S. Y., X. Y. Zhuang, P. T. Li, J. Y. Lin, and M. Li. 2009. Hoya baishaensis (Apocynaceae), a new species from Hainan, China. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 46 (2):155–158.: [PDF file]

[Botany • 2010] Heterostemma xuansonense • new species of Heterostemma (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) from Vietnam

Abstract

A new species in Apocynaceae, Heterostemma xuansonense T. B. Tran & Joo-Hwan Kim, is described from Vietnam; illustrations and a comparison with related species are also provided. Heterostemma xuansonense distinctly differs from H. grandiflorum Costantin by the flower color, the absence of a peduncle, and the size of the corona.

Keywords: Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae, Heterostemma, IUCN Red List, Phu Tho, Vietnam

A New Species of Heterostemma (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) from Vietnam

Author(s) :Tran The Bach and Kim Joo-Hwan

Source: Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature, 20(3):367-370. 2010.

DOI: 10.3417/2009002 URL: http://bioone.org/doi/full/10.3417/2009002

[Botany • 2010] Heterostemma pingtaoi • new Heterostemma species (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) from Hainan, China

ABSTRACT

Heterostemma pingtaoi S. Y. He & J. Y. Lin (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) is described from Hainan Province, China. The new species is morphologically similar to H. oblongifolium Costantin in its leaf blade with an acute apex and rounded base. In comparison, H. pingtaoi differs from H. oblongifolium in its pubescent petioles (vs. glabrous), the leaves only to 7.3 cm long (vs. 7.5–14 cm), the five calyx glands (vs. 10), and the corolla externally

pubescent and yellow-green with mauve pubescence (vs. green and glabrous).

Key words: Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae, China, Hainan, Heterostemma, IUCN Red List.

Heterostemma pingtaoi (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae), a New Species from Hainan, China

http://www.bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.3417/2008024