Wednesday, October 8, 2014

[Clitellata • 2014] Four New Species of the Earthworm Genus Amynthas Kinberg, 1867 (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Thailand, with Redescription of the Type Species


Fig. 12. Photographs of Amynthas arenulus, new species.
A, B, living specimen from the type locality showing the coloration; C, specimen from Sisaket, just after anesthesis step in 30% (v/v) ethanol showing the coloration of the ventral side.
Fig. 11. Photographs showing typical habitat types of the new species:
A, B, Amynthas arenulus, new species. A, earthen dyke around paddy field; B, casting. C, D, Amynthas longicaeca, new species. C, dipterocarp forest; D, casting. E, F, Amynthas thakhantho, new species. E, organic gardening; F, tower–like casting.


Abstract
 The type species of the genus Amynthas Kinberg, 1867 was re-investigated using type specimens from Biozentrum Grindel und Zoologisches Museum, University of Hamburg and Swedish Museum of Natural History. Also we described four new species of the genus Amynthas from Thailand, two species of the aelianus species group, namely Amynthas arenulus Bantaowong & Panha, new species, and A. longicaeca Bantaowong & Panha, new species, and two species of the corticis species group, A. thakhantho Bantaowong & Panha, new species, and A. phucheefah Bantaowong & Panha, new species, Amynthas arenulus and A. thakhantho occur in sandy habitats of dry dipterocarp and deciduous forest, respectively, and especially in the modified highland paddy fields, while the following two species, A. longicaeca and A. phucheefah occur in deciduous forest reserve areas in clay–rich topsoil.
Key words. Amynthas, Clitellata, systematics, biodiversity, Thailand


ไส้เดือนยักษ์สุรินทร์ | Amynthas arenulus Bantaowong & Panha, new species

Etymology. The specific epithet is from the Latin for a sandy place. This refers to the find-grained sandy area modified as a highland rice paddy system, which is the habitat of the new species.
Distribution. Surin, Sisaket and Ubon Ratchathani.
Habitat. The species lives in the sandy top soil at about 20–30 cm depth, in a highland paddy system modified from dipterocarp forest. Some forest patches are still present near the paddy fields.
ไส้เดือนป่าเต็งรังชัยภูมิ | Amynthas longicaeca Bantaowong & Panha, new species

Etymology. This species was named after the characteristic long intestinal caeca.
Distribution. The new species is known only from the type locality. 
Habitat. Top soil at about 20 cm depth in the dipterocarp forest at elevation 660 meters of Phu Lan Kha National Park, Chaiyaphum, at pH 7, silt loam soil.


ไส้เดือนยักษ์ภูชี้ฟ้า | Amynthas phucheefah Bantaowong & Panha, new species

Etymology. This species was named after the type locality, Mt. Phu Chee Fah.
Distribution. The new species is known only from the type locality. Our collections in nearby areas have also found some earthworm species of the genus Metaphire.
Habitat. The new species exhibited swarming in October 2008 at 1,205 m asl, and most of them were juveniles. The reason is still unknown. We collected some specimens by chance. The worms emerged from the top soil of deciduous forest and tried to migrate across a road to another side of 
the mountain.
ไส้เดือนยักษ์ท่าคันโท | Amynthas thakhantho Bantaowong & Panha, new species
Etymology. This species was named after Tha Khantho, Kalasin, the type locality of the new species.
Distribution. The new species is known only from the type locality.
Habitat. Top soil at about 15 cm depth, at pH 7, loamy soil. Worms produce columnar or tower-like castings about 20 cm high and 4 cm diameter.


Ueangfa Bantaowong, Pattana Somniyam, Chirasak Sutcharit, Samuel W James and Somsak Panha. 2014. Four New Species of the Earthworm Genus Amynthas Kinberg, 1867, with Redescription of the Type Species (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Raffles. Bull. Zool. 62: 655–670.
http://lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/nus/images/data/raffles_bulletin_of_zoology/zoology_volume_62/62rbz655-670.pdf


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