[Herpetology • 2018] Cnemaspis anamudiensis & C. maculicollis • Two New Species of Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Western Ghats of Kerala, India

Cnemaspis anamudiensis 

Cyriac, Johny, Umesh & Palot, 2018

DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4459.1.3 

Abstract

Two new species of geckos of the genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 are described from the southern Western Ghats of Kerala. Both species are medium to large sized Cnemaspis and can be differentiated from all other Indian congeners by a suite of distinct morphological characters. Both species are found in the high elevation forests of the two major massifs — Anaimalai Hills and Agasthyamalai Hills and are presently known to have very restricted distributional ranges. The discovery of these novel species highlights the understudied diversity of reptiles in the high mountain ranges of the Western Ghats.

Keywords: Reptilia, Cnemaspis, Gekkonidae, new species, southern Western Ghats

Cnemaspis maculicollis sp. nov.

Etymology: The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word macula meaning spot and collus meaning neck referring to the distinctive necklace like white spots on the nape of this species. 

Distribution: .... Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary in Kollam District of Kerala in the Agasthyamalai Hill complex; at an elevation range of 1200–1250 m. 

 Colour in life of male Cnemaspis anamudiensis sp.nov.  

Cnemaspis anamudiensis sp. nov.

Etymology: The specific epithet is named after the Anamudi reserve forest in Munnar of Idukki District of Kerala, the type and only known locality for this species. 

Distribution: ... Anamudi Reserve Forest in the Munnar Forest Division of Idukki District at an elevation range of 1860 – 1900 m. The area is contiguous with Eravikulam National Park and is near Anaimudi peak (2695m ASL), the highest peak in the Western Ghats. 

Vivek Philip Cyriac, Alex Johny, P.K. Umesh and Muhamed Jafer Palot. 2018. Description of Two New Species of Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Western Ghats of Kerala, India. Zootaxa. 4459(1); 85–100.  DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4459.1.3

[Paleontology • 2018] Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus • Beetle Pollination of Cycads in the Mesozoic

Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus Cai & Escalona

in Cai, Escalona, Li, Yin, Huang & Engel, 2018.

  DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.06.036 

Illustration: Chenyang Cai  

Highlights

• A specialized beetle-mediated pollination mode is reported from Burmese amber

• The mid-Cretaceous boganiid beetle has many pollen-feeding adaptations

• The fossil boganiid was probably a pollinator of Encephalarteae cycads

• This suggests a probable ancient origin of beetle pollination of cycads in the Mesozoic

Summary

Cycads, unlike modern wind-pollinated conifers and Ginkgo, are unusual in that they are an ancient group of gymnosperms pollinated by insects [Taylor et al., 2009; Nagalingum et al., 2011; Terry et al., 2012]. Although it is well documented that cycads were diverse and abundant during the mid-Mesozoic, little is known about their biogeography and pollination before the rise of angiosperms. Direct fossil evidence illuminating the evolutionary history of cycads is extremely rare [Labandeira et al., 2007; Peris et al., 2017]. Here we report a specialized beetle-mediated pollination mode from the mid-Cretaceous of Myanmar, wherein a new boganiid beetle, Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus, with specialized pollen-feeding adaptations in its mouthparts and legs, was associated with many pollen grains of Cycadopites. Phylogenetic analyses indicate Cretoparacucujus as a sister group to the extant Australian Paracucujus, which pollinate the cycad Macrozamia riedlei. Our discovery, along with the current disjunct distribution of related beetle-herbivore (tribe Paracucujini) and cycad-host (tribe Encephalarteae) pairs in South Africa and Australia, indicate a probable ancient origin of beetle pollination of cycads at least in the Early Jurassic, long before angiosperm dominance and the radiation of flowering-plant pollinators later in the Cretaceous.

 Keywords: paleoecology, paleoethology, coevolution, plant-insect interactions, Burmese amber, pollination

Ecological reconstruction of the mid-Cretaceous beetle Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus.

Illustration: Chenyang Cai 

Figure 2. Photomicrographs of Cycad Pollen Grains Associated with Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus
 (A) General view of C. cycadophilus and aggregations of pollen grains by the beetle. (A’) Enlargement of an aggregation of three pollen grains. (A’’) Enlargement of a single grain. (B) Enlargement of three larger aggregations of pollen grains. (C) Enlargement of (B), showing 14 aggregated pollen grains. (D) Enlargement of (B), showing six aggregated pollen grains.

   

Systematic Paleontology

Order Coleoptera Linnaeus, 1758.

Family Boganiidae Sen Gupta and Crowson, 1966.

Subfamily Paracucujinae Endrödy-Younga and Crowson, 1986.

Cretoparacucujus cycadophilus gen. et sp. nov. Cai and Escalona.

Material: Holotype, NIGP166883, female. Mid-Cretaceous amber (ca. 99 million years ago), Tanai, Kachin State, northern Myanmar.

Etymology: The generic name is a combination of creto- and the genus Paracucujus. The specific epithet is a combination of Greek kykas (meaning, cycad) and philia (meaning, friendly love or affection).

Diagnosis: Cretoparacucujus is distinguished from other boganiids by the following combination of characters: upper body surface sub-glabrous; head large, slightly wider than pronotum; antenna filiform, without antennal club; clypeus sub-triangular, apex widely notched medially; frontal carina meeting frontoclypeal sulcus; mandible long, nearly straight; maxillary palpus elongate, with maxillary palpomere 4 much shorter than palpomere 3; protibial apex not expanded; and elytral punctation seriate.

....

 Chenyang Cai, Hermes E. Escalona, Liqin Li, Ziwei Yin, Diying Huang and Michael S. Engel. 2018. Beetle Pollination of Cycads in the Mesozoic. Current Biology. In Press. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.06.036 

99-million-year-old beetle trapped in amber served as pollinator to evergreen cycads  phys.org/news/2018-08-million-year-old-beetle-amber-pollinator-evergreen.html via @physorg_com

[Botany • 2018] Bauhinia proboscidea (Fabaceae: Cercidoideae) • A New Species from Costa Rica and Panama, with notes on B. beguinotii, B. gorgonae and B. pansamalana

Bauhinia proboscidea P. Juárez, R. Flores & M.A. Blanco

in Juárez, Flores & Blanco, 2018. 

DOI:  10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.2 

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Abstract

Bauhinia proboscidea, a new species from Costa Rica and Panama, is described and illustrated, and compared to the closely related B. pansamalana of southern Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras. It is also compared with B. beguinotii, with which has been confused in herbaria. Bauhinia gorgonae, endemic to Gorgona Island in Colombia and which has been classified as a variety of B. beguinotii, is here considered a separate species. A key to the Neotropical species of Bauhinia with three fertile stamens is provided. Some observations on the morphology and reproductive biology of B. proboscidea are presented. Global-level assessments of the conservation status according to IUCN Red List criteria indicate that B. proboscidea and B. beguinotii (which was previously assessed using some misidentified records) should both be considered as species of Least Concern (LC), B. gorgonae should be considered as Endangered (EN), and B. pansamalana should be considered Not Threatened (NT). Country-level conservation assessments are also provided for all four species. The homology of the “intrastipular spines” of Bauhinia is briefly discussed.

Keywords: Central America, conservation, intrastipular spines, IUCN Red List categories, taxonomy, reproductive biology, Eudicots

FIGURE 2. Bauhinia proboscidea. 
A. Staminate flower. B. Perfect (hermaphrodite) flower. C. Apex of fertile stamens of staminate flower with incurved filaments and open anthers. D. Detail of perfect flower, showing recurved fertile anthers and pistil with incurved style. E. Detail of staminodes (red and yellow, with white abortive anthers), filaments of fertile stamens (dark red) and pistillode (green) in staminate flower. F. Immature fruits. G. Two-flowered inflorescence, with one perfect flower and one staminate flower; the perfect flower (left) has already shed its petals. H. Detail of stem node showing intrastipular spine with liquid secretion.

F from Flores et al. 3835 (PMA) by R. Flores; all other photos from Juárez 1241 (USJ) by P. Juárez.

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FIGURE 1. Bauhinia proboscidea.
A. Fruiting branch. B. Perfect (hermaphrodite) flower; note recurved fertile stamens and incurved style. C. Staminate flower; note apically incurved fertile stamens. D. Apex of staminodes and bases of free portion of filaments of fertile stamens in staminate flower. E. Apex of fertile stamen filaments and anthers of staminate flower. F. Floral diagram of perfect flower. G. Pair of intrastipular spines at a node (leaf scar on opposite side of stem, not visible), with liquid secretion. A based on type specimen (Juaìrez 420, USJ, CR, MO); B–F based on photographs of Juárez 1241 (USJ).

Drawn by P. Juaìrez.   facebook.com/MarioBlanco

Bauhinia proboscidea P. Juárez, R. Flores & M.A. Blanco, sp. nov.

Etymology:— The specific epithet refers to the prominent staminal tube and the projecting pistil (the latter in hermaphroditic flowers), which together resemble a snout or proboscis of an animal. The recurved fertile stamens of hermaphroditic flowers also bear a superficial resemblance to the tusks of elephants Loxodonta spp., order Proboscidea).

   

    

     

    

Pedro Juárez, Rodolfo Flores and Mario A. Blanco. 2018.  Bauhinia proboscidea (Fabaceae: Cercidoideae), A New Species from Costa Rica and Panama, with notes on B. beguinotii, B. gorgonae and B. pansamalana.  Phytotaxa. 361(1); 25-40. DOI:  10.11646/phytotaxa.361.1.2

Researchgate.net/publication/326470197_Bauhinia_proboscidea_a_new_species_from_Costa_Rica_and_Panama

 facebook.com/MarioBlanco/posts/10160622632565032

 facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=2101651306741271&id=100006892651727

twitter.com/AudubonPanama/status/1020109356438892544

instagram.com/p/Bmd9PgTBKQt

   

Resumen: Se describe e ilustra Bauhinia proboscidea, una nueva especie de Costa Rica y Panamá, y se compara con la cercanamente emparentada B. pansamalana del sur de México, Guatemala y Honduras. También se compara con B. beguinotii, con la cual se ha confundido en los herbarios. Bauhinia gorgonae, endémica de la Isla Gorgona en Colombia, se considera aquí como una especie independiente de B. beguinotii, de la cual se ha clasificado como una variedad. Se brinda una clave para las especies neotropicales de Bauhinia con tres estambres fértiles. Se presentan algunas observaciones sobre la morfología y biología reproductiva de B. proboscidea. Evaluaciones a nivel global del estado de conservación de acuerdo con los criterios de la Lista Roja de UICN, indica que tanto B. proboscidea como B. beguinotii (que había sido previamente evaluada usando algunos registros mal identificados) deben ser consideradas como especies de Preocupación Menor (LC), B. gorgonae debe considerarse como En Peligro (EN), y B. pansamalana debe considerarse como No Amenazada (NT). También se presentan evaluaciones de conservación a nivel de país para las cuatro especies. Se discute brevemente la homología de las “espinas intraestipulares” de Bauhinia.

[Paleontology • 2017] Vaderlimulus tricki • First Fossil Horseshoe Crab (Xiphosurida) from the Triassic of North America

 Vaderlimulus tricki 

Lerner, Lucas & Lockley, 2017

  holotype (UCM 140.25) lit from the upper right. Note that the right genal spine extends approximately in-line with the rounded telson boss.  

DOI: 10.1127/njgpa/2017/0702 

Abstract

The fossil record of horseshoe crabs (Xiphosurida) from the Mesozoic of North America consists of only three name-bearing specimens from the Cretaceous. We add to this depauperate record the first report of a horseshoe crab body fossil from the Triassic of North America. It comes from a locality in the Olenekian (Spathian) Thaynes Group, near Paris, Idaho, USA. This mostly complete and moderately well preserved specimen is assigned to the family Austrolimulidae Riek, 1955 as Vaderlimulus tricki, n. gen., n. sp.Vaderlimulus is the second austrolimulid taxon to be reported from the Mesozoic of North America. Its discovery adds a fourth austrolimulid genus to the global Triassic fossil record. Vaderlimulus had large genal spines that are most comparable to the Early to late Middle Triassic austrolimulid genera Psammolimulus (Spathian) and Austrolimulus (Ladinian). Heightened enlargement and proportional reduction of body elements, sometimes resulting in bizarre forms, is seen throughout the biostratigraphic range (Serpukhovian-Maastrichtian) of the Austrolimulidae. The discovery of Vaderlimulus provides additional fossil evidence of this evolutionary process. Vaderlimulus likely inhabited a shallow, possibly transitional freshwater coastal setting in the Moenkopi depositional basin along the western Pangean coastal margin.

Keywords: Thaynes group, Horseshoe crab, Vaderlimulus, Idaho, Olenekian, Triassic, xiphosurida, Austrolimulus, spathian, Austrolimulidae, Psammolimulus

 Reconstruction of Vaderlimulus tricki.  

Subphylum Chelicerata Heymons, 1901
Order Xiphosurida Latreille, 1802
Suborder Limulina Richter & Richter , 1929
Family Austrolimulidae Riek, 1955

Genus Vaderlimulus nov. 

Etymology: The generic name Vaderlimulus is suggested by a resemblance of the holotype prosoma to the helmet worn by Darth Vader, a well-known fictional character from the Star Wars film series.

Vaderlimulus tricki sp. nov.
 Etymology: The trivial name tricki was chosen in recognition of Trick Runions of the Dinosaur Trackers Research Group, University of Colorado at Denver, who collected the holotype specimen and made it available for study.

 Allan J. Lerner, Spencer G. Lucas and Martin Lockley. 2017. First Fossil Horseshoe Crab (Xiphosurida) from the Triassic of North America. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 286(3); 289 - 302. DOI: 10.1127/njgpa/2017/0702

[Ichthyology • 2018] Trichomycterus rosablanca • A New Species of Hipogean Catfish (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) from the Colombian Andes

Trichomycterus rosablanca 

Mesa S., Lasso, Ochoa & DoNascimiento, 2018

DOI:  10.21068/c2018.v19s1a09 

Abstract

Trichomycterus rosablanca is described as a new troglobitic catfish species from caves in southeastern Santander, Colombia. These caves are drained by the Carare River of the Magdalena River basin. The new species is characterized by the advanced condition in the typical troglomorphisms found in other congeneric cave-dwelling species, such as absence of eyes and pigmentation. Trichomycterus rosablanca is diagnosed by the following putative autapomorphies: 1) presence of a circular foramen in the main body of the interopercle, dorsal to the interopercular plate supporting the odontodes, and 2) presence of a single sensory pore in the posteriormost section of the infraorbital canal. Trichomycterus rosablanca can be distinguished from all known Trichomycterus species from Colombia by having the supraorbital canal interrupted in the nasal section, resulting in the pattern of s1, s2, s3, and s6 sensory pores, and the lachrimal/antorbital bone not enclosing the anteriormost section of the infraorbital canal. The genetic distinctiveness of Trichomycterus rosablanca is confirmed by GMYC and genetic distance method analyses of the cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene sequence. The description of this species places Colombia as the second most diverse country in the continent in terms of number of cave fish species and calls the attention on the conservation efforts needed to guarantee the permanence of this remarkable diversity of hypogean fishes.

Keywords: Cave fish. Karstic. Middle Magdalena River basin. Santander.

Figure 7. Live specimens of Trichomycterus rosablanca

 (left picture corresponds to one specimen coming from IAvH-P 15811 lot of paratypes). 

Photographs by Felipe Villegas.

Trichomycterus rosablanca, new species

Etymology. The specific name is used as a noun in apposition in reference to the Rosablanca karstic formation where the type locality is found.

Lina M. Mesa S., Carlos A. Lasso, Luz E. Ochoa and Carlos DoNascimiento. 2018. Trichomycterus rosablanca (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) A New Species of Hipogean Catfish from the Colombian Andes [Trichomycterus rosablanca (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) una especie nueva de bagre hipogeo de los Andes colombianos]. Biota Colombiana. 19 (Sup. 1); 95-116. DOI:  10.21068/c2018.v19s1a09

ResearchGate.net/publication/325995979_Trichomycterus_rosablanca_Siluriformes_Trichomycteridae_a_new_species_of_hipogean_catfish_from_the_Colombian_Andes

 twitter.com/halooie1/status/1022936445005312001

Resumen: Se describe Trichomycterus rosablanca, una especie nueva de bagre troglobio de cuevas en el suroriente de Santander, Colombia. Estas cuevas son drenadas por el río Carare, de la cuenca del río Magdalena. La especie nueva se caracteriza por la condición avanzada en los troglomorfismos típicos encontrados en otros congéneres habitantes de cuevas, como ausencia de ojos y pigmentación. Trichomycterus rosablancaes diagnosticado por las siguientes autapomorfías putativas: 1) presencia de un foramen circular en el cuerpo principal del interopérculo, dorsal a la placa interopercular soportando los odontodes, y 2) presencia de un único poro sensorial en la sección más posterior del canal infraorbital. Trichomycterus rosablanca puede ser distinguida de todas las especies conocidas de Trichomycterus de Colombia por tener el canal supraorbital interrumpido en la sección nasal, resultando en el patrón de poros sensoriales s1, s2, s3 y s6 y el hueso lacrimal/antorbital no encerrando la sección más anterior del canal infraorbital. La identidad genética de Trichomycterus rosablanca es confirmada por análisis GMYC y de distancia genética de la secuencia génica de la subunidad I de la citocromo C oxidasa. La descripción de esta especie ubica a Colombia como el segundo país más diverso en el continente en términos del número de especies de peces cavernícolas y llama la atención sobre los esfuerzos de conservación necesarios para garantizar la permanencia de esta extraordinaria diversidad de peces hipogeos. 

Palabras clave: Cárstico. Cuenca media del río Magdalena. Pez cavernícola. Santander.

[Botany • 2016] Billolivia cadamensis (Gesneriaceae) • A New Species from central Vietnam

Billolivia cadamensis Q. D. Nguyen, N. L. Vu & H. T. Luu

in Nguyen, Dinh, Nguyen, Vu & Luu, 2016.

 . DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v38n4.8837

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 ABSTRACT

 A new species, Billolivia cadamensis Q. D. Nguyen, N. L. Vu & H. T. Luu, sp. n. of the family Gesneriaceae is described from Quang Ngai Province, central Vietnam. The new taxon is close to B. tichii but differs in shorter stem, abaxially glabrous bracts, calyx divided into 5 lobes to base, outside pubescent apical half of corolla tube, oblong or deltoid corolla lobes, dense hairs on apical 3/4 of the ovary and white corolla lobes. A key to all already known species from Billolivia of Vietnam is given.

Keywords: Gesneriaceae, Billolivia, new species, Vietnam.

   

Figure 1. Billolivia cadamensis Q. D. Nguyen, N. L. Vu & H. T. Luu, sp. n. 

A. Habit. B. Petioles. C. Abaxial lamina. D. Adaxial lamina. E. Inflorescence. F. Corolla lobes. G. Calyx. H: Longisection of corolla. I. Disc, ovary and style.  J. Cross section of ovary. K. Fruit. L. Cross section of fruit. 

Photos: Nguyen Quoc Dat and Nguyen Hieu Cuong. 

Design: Luu Hong Truong.

Billolivia cadamensis Q. D. Nguyen, N. L. Vu & H. T. Luu, sp. n.

Allied to B. tichii in general appearance but different in having much shorter stem, glabrous bracts, calyx divided into 5 lobes to base, outside pubescent apical half of corolla tube, oblong or deltoid corolla lobes, dense hairs on apical 3/4 of the ovary and white corolla lobes.

Etymology: Named after the location (Ca Dam Mountain) where the new species was found.
Proposed Vietnamese name: Lưu hoa cà đam.

Nguyen Quoc Dat, Dinh Nhat Lam, Nguyen Hieu Cuong, Vu Ngoc Long and Luu Hong Truong. 2016. Billolivia cadamensis (Gesneriaceae), A New Species from central Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc. 38(4); 492-496. DOI: 10.15625/0866-7160/v38n4.8837

Researchgate.net/publication/312169149_Billolivia_cadamensis_a_new_species_from_Central_Vietnam

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[Botany • 2018] Floral Evolution by Simplification in Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae) and Hypotheses for Pollination System Shifts

(c) Monanthotaxis couvreurii, flower showing basally fused stamens; (d) Monanthotaxis whytei, cauliflorous flower with nine hardly visible staminodes alternating with nine stamens; (e) flowers of Monanthotaxis poggei showing four petals and eight stamen, each in a single whorl; (f,g) Monanthotaxis diclina, female flower with one petal removed showing many carpels, and fruits showing multiple seeds per monocarp; (h) Monanthotaxis paniculata fruits with single seed per monocarp. 

in Hoekstra, Wieringa, Smets & Chatrou, 2018.   

  DOI:   10.1038/s41598-018-30607-2 

— Photographs: (c,f–h) Thomas L.P. Couvreur; (d) Lubbert Y.T. Westra; (e) Bart T. Wursten.

Abstract

Simplification by reduction has occurred many times independently in the floral evolution of angiosperms. These reductions have often been attributed to changes in reproductive biology. In the angiosperm plant family Annonaceae, most species have flowers with six petals, and many stamens and carpels. In the genus Monanthotaxis several deviations from this pattern have been observed, including flowers that contain three petals and three stamens only. New DNA sequences were generated for 42 specimens of Monanthotaxis. Five chloroplast markers and two nuclear markers for 72 out of 94 species of Monanthotaxis were used to reconstruct a phylogeny of the genus, which revealed several well-supported, morphologically distinct clades. The evolution of four quantitative and two qualitative floral characters was mapped onto this phylogeny, demonstrating a reduction in flower size and number of flower parts in Monanthotaxis. A large variation in stamen forms and numbers, strong correlations between petal size, stamen and carpel number, combined with a non-gradual mode of evolution and the sympatric co-occurrence of Monanthotaxis species from different clades suggest that the high diversity in the African rainforest of this genus is caused by switches in pollination systems.

Figure 1 Flower morphology of outgroups (a) and flowers and fruits of Monanthotaxis (b–h).
(a) Uvaria scabrida, flower showing many stamens and carpels; (b) Monanthotaxis bidaultii male flower showing three petals and three stamen; (c) Monanthotaxis couvreurii, flower showing basally fused stamens; (d) Monanthotaxis whytei, cauliflorous flower with nine hardly visible staminodes alternating with nine stamens; (e) flowers of Monanthotaxis poggei showing four petals and eight stamen, each in a single whorl; (f,g) Monanthotaxis diclina, female flower with one petal removed showing many carpels, and fruits showing multiple seeds per monocarp; (h) Monanthotaxis paniculata fruits with single seed per monocarp.

— Photographs: (a) Paul H. Hoekstra, (b) Ehoarn Bidault; (c,f–h) Thomas L.P. Couvreur; (d) Lubbert Y.T. Westra; (e) Bart T. Wursten.

Paul H. Hoekstra, Jan J. Wieringa, Erik Smets and Lars W. Chatrou. 2018. Floral Evolution by Simplification in Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae) and Hypotheses for Pollination System Shifts. Scientific Reports. 8(12066).   DOI:   10.1038/s41598-018-30607-2 1

researchgate.net/publication/326996266_Floral_evolution_by_simplification_in_Monanthotaxis

'Small is Beautiful': floral evolution in Monanthotaxis, a tiny-flowered yet species-rich African genus of #Annonaceae. Just out in Scientific Reports, https://goo.gl/dc6y7a . @PirieMike @tlpcouvreur @timutteridge @RenskeOnstein @hsauquet_rbgsyd

twitter.com/LarsChatrou/status/1029349650862620672

[Botany • 2018] Chusquea gouveiensis (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) • A New Species of Chusquea subg. Chusquea from Minas Gerais, Brazil: Morphological Evidence and Phylogenetic Placement within the Euchusquea clade

Chusquea gouveiensis

in Araújo Vidal, Welker, Castro Oliveira, Mota, Oliveira & Clark. 2018.

 DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.365.1.3 

Abstract

Chusquea gouveiensis is a new species of tropical woody bamboo from Brazil, herein described and illustrated. It is classified within C. subg. Chusquea, mainly based on its scandent habit, triangular central bud with vertical orientation, extra-or infravaginal branching, and lemma margins free at the apex. The new species is most similar to C. gracilis because they share culm leaves with undifferentiated sheaths and blades with a folded or twisted apex, and foliage leaves and spikelets of similar length. However, C. gouveiensis is distinguished from C. gracilis by having branch complements of 40‒90 usually ascending subsidiary branches (vs. 70‒195 mostly horizontally oriented subsidiary branches), synflorescences weakly paniculate to racemose (vs. paniculate), glumes I and II collectively 0.3‒0.7 mm long (vs. 0.1‒0.2 mm long), and glumes III and IV awned and abaxially pilose to pubescent at the apex (vs. mucronate and glabrous). The two species also differ in distribution: C. gouveiensis is only known from the region of Gouveia and Diamantina, in the southern portion of the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, in forest fragments at 1,200‒1,300 m.a.s.l., whereas C. gracilis occurs in the southern Brazilian states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, in mixed ombrophilous forests between 550 and 880 m.a.s.l. Based on nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and plastid DNA sequence data (ndhF and trnD-trnT), a sixth lineage within the Euchusquea clade was identified, herein named clade VI—Chusquea meyeriana clade, comprising a significant portion of the Brazilian species of Chusquea. The new species has phylogenetic affinities with the C. meyeriana informal group and is also distinct from C. gracilis in the phylogeny.

Keywords: Monocots, Chusqueinae, Espinhaço Range, molecular evidence, taxonomy, woody bamboos

Kaio Vinicius de Araújo Vidal, Cassiano A. Dorneles Welker, Iasmin Laiane de Castro Oliveira, Aline Costa da Mota, Reyjane P. Oliveira and Lynn G. Clark. 2018. A New Species of Chusquea subg. Chusquea (Poaceae—Bambusoideae—Bambuseae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil: Morphological Evidence and Phylogenetic Placement within the Euchusquea clade. Phytotaxa. 365(1); 73–88. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.365.1.3

[Botany • 2018] Andinia tingomariana (Orchidaceae, Pleurothallidinae) • A New Species of Andinia from Huánuco, Peru, and The First Peruvian Locality for Andinia schizopogon

Andinia tingomariana A.Diaz & Mark Wilson

in Diaz Hernández, Horna, Godo & Wilson, 2018.
 DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.361.2.7 

Abstract

A new species of Andinia in subgenus Andinia from Tingo María National Park is described, illustrated and compared to the most similar species pair.  Andinia tingomariana is distinguished by unguiculate, reniform, ciliate petals, a longer column without the terminal dilation and a trilobed, ciliate lip in which the narrow, semi-auriculate lateral lobes project upward around the column, adnate in the middle, creating a furrowed surface. The floral morphology of the new species is compared to that of the phylogenetically unrelated Salpistele group of Stelis and possible convergent evolution of pollination syndromes is discussed. Finally, the first confirmed locality of A. schizopogon is reported and a preliminary list of Andinia species in Peru is provided.

Keywords: Andinia, Peruvian orchid flora, Salpistele, Stelis, pleurothallid taxonomy, Monocots

Andinia tingomariana A.Diaz & Mark Wilson, sp. nov.

Etymology:— Named for the type locality in Parque Nacional Tingo María, Huánuco, Peru.

FIGURE 2. Andinia tingomariana; Partial side view, Lateral view and Rear view.

 Photographs by Alex Diaz.

 FIGURE 3. Andinia tingomariana in situ on a liana.

Photograph by Alex Diaz.

Tingo Maria National Park in the central Amazonian forest of Peru

Alex Gustavo Diaz Hernández, Luis Antonio Ocupa Horna, Luis Enrique Yupanqui Godo and Mark Wilson. 2018. A New Species of Andinia (Orchidaceae, Pleurothallidinae) from Huánuco, Peru, and The First Peruvian Locality for Andinia schizopogon. Phytotaxa. 361(2); 222–232.  DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.361.2.7

Researchgate.net/publication/326492407_A_new_species_of_Andinia_from_Huanuco_Peru

Esta es la nueva especie de orquídea descubierta en la selva de Huánuco | FOTOS elcomercio.pe/peru/huanuco/descubren-nueva-especie-orquidea-selva-huanuco-fotos-noticia-546525 via @elcomercio_peru

Andinia tingomariana: Una nueva orquídea en la selva de Perú  @lavanguardia http://shr.gs/0ABAoxJ

New species of orchid discovered in Peruvian jungle yahoo.com/news/species-orchid-discovered-peruvian-jungle-210102378.html via @YahooNews