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| Mobula yarae Bucair & Marshall, in Bucair, Hinojosa-Alvarez, Marshall, Pate, Francini, Garrido, Capel, Loboda, Monteiro, Bruno, Vaga, Dove, Hoopes, Perry et Kitahara, 2025. |
Abstract
Manta and devil rays comprise a vulnerable animal group with a complex nomenclatural history and a somewhat unresolved taxonomy. The existence of a putative undescribed species of manta ray in the Atlantic Ocean has been proposed for over 15 years. Molecular assessments have been crucial for improving our understanding of the evolutionary history and, therefore, species delimitation of this threatened group. Herein, morphological and molecular data from Western Atlantic specimens support the formal description of a new taxon assigned to the genus Mobula Rafinesque, 1810. Morphologically, this new mobulid species differs from its closest congeners (i.e., Mobula birostris and Mobula alfredi) on the stellate-shaped dermal denticle form and non-bifurcate ramification, the characteristic dorsal surface with V-shaped supra-branchial patches, ventral colour patterns, presence and feature of a caudal bulb with a residual spine, 9 to 13 rows of teeth, and overall morphometrics. Based on nearly complete mitochondrial genome and nuclear data, phylogeny reconstructions recovered the new species as a monophyletic lineage closely related to M. birostris and M. alfredi. To date, the new manta ray species has been recorded only in Atlantic waters, inhabiting oceanic islands and archipelagos as well as coastal and estuarine regions, areas under major threats due to pollution, boat strikes, coastal fisheries, and habitat degradation. Unfortunately, the species has been reported caught as bycatch, being either discarded, shared, or sold, in addition to boat strike and entanglement reports, suggesting that this new mobulid species, like all other mobulids, is likely threatened.
Keywords: Biodiversity, Conservation, Manta ray, Mobulids, Systematics
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| Distinct colouration of manta ray species. Dorsal and ventral colouration pattern of Mobula birostris a, d, M. alfredi b, e, and Mobula yarae sp. nov. c, f. Photo credits: Leo Francini a; Guy Stevens | Manta Trust b, e; Rawany Porfilho c; Mauricio Andrade d; and Nayara Bucair f |
Order Myliobatiformes.
Family Mobulidae Gill, 1893.
Genus Mobula Rafinesque, 1810.
Mobula yarae sp. nov. Bucair & Marshall
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| Colour morphs variation on the regular spectrum of Mobula yarae sp. nov. Dorsal (column a and b) and ventral (column c and d) colouration pattern disparity. Photo credits/sources: Projeto Mantas do Brasil and Marine Megafauna Foundation database |
Nayara Bucair, Silvia Hinojosa-Alvarez, Andrea Denise Marshall, Jessica Pate, Carlo Leopoldo Bezerra Francini, Amana Guedes Garrido, Katia Cristina Cruz Capel, Thiago Silva Loboda, Jhonatas Sirino Monteiro, Carlos Eduardo Malavasi Bruno, Claudia Francesca Vaga, Alistair D. M. Dove, Lisa A. Hoopes, Cameron Perry and Marcelo V. Kitahara. 2025. An Integrative Taxonomy Investigation unravels A Cryptic Species of Mobula Rafinesque, 1810 (Mobulidae, Myliobatiformes), from the Atlantic Ocean. Environmental Biology of Fishes. DOI: doi.org/10.1007/s10641-025-01727-2 [23 July 2025]
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/scientists-identify-a-new-manta-ray-species-just-the-third-known-in-the-world-180987109/
