[Fungi • 2022] Tremella fibulifera, T. latispora, etc. (Agaricales: Cortinariaceae) • Four New Species in the Tremella fibulifera complex

A Tremella fibulifera (Alvarenga 471), C T. guangxiensis (Wu 3)
D T. latispora (Dai 17568), F T. subfibulifera (Alvarenga 334). 

Fan, Alvarenga, Gibertoni, Wu & Dai, 2022

 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.82.63241

Scale bars: 1 cm (A–F).

Abstract

Samples of species close to Tremella fibulifera from China and Brazil are studied, and T. fibulifera is confirmed as a species complex including nine species. Five known species (T. cheejenii, T. fibulifera s.s., T. “neofibulifera”, T. lloydiae-candidae and T. olens) and four new species (T. australe, T. guangxiensis, T. latispora and T. subfibulifera) in the complex are recognized based on morphological characteristics, molecular evidence, and geographic distribution. Sequences of eight species of the complex were included in the phylogenetic analyses because T. olens lacks molecular data. The phylogenetic analyses were performed by a combined sequence dataset of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the partial nuclear large subunit rDNA (nLSU), and a combined sequence dataset of the ITS, partial nLSU, the small subunit mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU), the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1), the largest and second largest subunits of RNA polymerase II (RPB1 and RPB2). The eight species formed eight independent lineages with robust support in phylogenies based on both datasets. Illustrated description of the six species including Tremella fibulifera s.s., T. “neofibulifera” and four new species, and discussions with their related species, are provided. A table of the comparison of the important characteristics of nine species in the T. fibulifera complex and a key to the whitish species in Tremella s.s. are provided.

Keywords: Multi-gene, phylogeny, taxonomy, Tremellaceae

Basidioma
 A Tremella fibulifera (Alvarenga 471) B T. australe (Wu 154)
C T. guangxiensis (Wu 3) D T. latispora (Dai 17568)
E T. “neofibulifera” (Wu 244) F T. subfibulifera (Alvarenga 334).

Scale bars: 1 cm (A–F).

 

Long-Fei Fan, Renato Lúcio Mendes Alvarenga, Tatiana Baptista Gibertoni, Fang Wu and Yu-Cheng Dai. 2022. Four New Species in the Tremella fibulifera complex (Tremellales, Basidiomycota). MycoKeys. 82: 33-56. DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.82.63241

[Herpetology • 2022] Hynobius owariensis • Taxonomic Re-examination of the Yamato Salamander Hynobius vandenburghi (Caudata: Hynobiidae): Description of A New Species from Central Honshu, Japan

Hynobius owariensis 

 Sugawara, Fujitani, Seguchi, Sawahata & Nagano, 2022

 DOI: 10.32225/bkpmnh.2022.51_47

Abstract

A new species of the genus Hynobius is described from the western part of Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Hynobius vandenburghi can be divided into two groups, the Aichi and Kinki groups, based on molecular and morphological analyses; thus, we described the Aichi group of H. vandenburghi as a new species, Hynobius owariensis sp. nov.. Morphological comparisons revealed that although male H. vandenburghi have distinct bright yellow lines on the dorsal and ventral sides of the tail, males of the new species do not. Additionally, in males, the new species usually has fewer costal folds between its adpressed limbs than are observed in H. vandenburghi. Other significant differences in several morphological characteristics were also found between H. vandenburghi and the new species, and results of discriminant analyses between the two species in both sexes suggested that they are separated in terms of morphological data. The new species is restricted in the western part of Aichi Prefecture, which is threatened with extinction by artificial development or reformation of well-drained paddy fields.

Keywords: Chita Peninsula, discriminant analysis, extinction, Kinki District, mitochondrial DNA

 Holotype of Hynobius owariensis sp. nov. (TMNH-AM-78, adult male, 58.2 mm SVL):
(A) dorsal and (B) ventral views. 

  (A) Live holotype of Hynobius owariensis sp. nov. (TMNH-AM-78), and the (B) larva, (C) banana-shaped egg sacs, and (D) type locality of the new species.

Hynobius owariensis sp. nov.

(New standard Japanese name: Owari-sanshouo)

オワリサンショウウオ

Diagnosis. A comparatively large species (mean SVL = 60.6 mm in males and 59.1 mm in females) within the Japanese lentic Hynobius species: SVL usually > 56 mm in males; ratio of hindlimb length almost always < 30 %SVL in males; distinct and bright yellow stripe on the ventral edge of tail always absent in males and almost always absent in females; distinct and bright yellow stripe on the dorsal edge of tail always absent in males; distinct black dots on the dorsum almost always absent in males; distinct white dots on the ventral and lateral sides of the body usually absent in males; DGM almost always present in males and never present in females; fifth toe of hindlimb always present; U-shaped or V-shaped vomerine teeth series; 13 (rarely 12 or 14) costal grooves; number of costal folds between adpressed limbs usually −3.0 to −1.5 in males and almost always −4.0 to −1.5 in females.

Etymology. The specific epithet “owariensis” refers to the old name of the western part of Aichi Prefecture (= Owari) where the new species occurs.

Hynobius vandenburghi Dunn, 1923 

(Standard Japanese name: Yamato-sanshouo)

Diagnosis. A comparatively small species (with a mean SVL of 53.8 mm in males and 54.3 mm in females) within the Japanese lentic salamander species complex of Hynobius: SVL usually < 56 mm in males; the ratio of hindlimb length usually ≥ 30 %SVL in males; distinct and bright yellow stripe on the dorsal and ventral edges of the tail always present in both sexes; distinct black dots on dorsum usually absent in both sexes; distinct gular mottling never present in females; fifth toe of hindlimb always present; V-shaped or U-shaped vomerine teeth series; 13 (rarely 12 or 14) costal grooves; the number of costal folds between adpressed limbs usually > −1.5 in males and always < −1.0 in females.

 

Hirotaka Sugawara, Takeshi Fujitani, Shota  Seguchi, Takuo Sawahata and Masahiro Nagano. 2022. Taxonomic Re-examination of the Yamato Salamander Hynobius vandenburghi: Description of A New Species from Central Honshu, Japan. Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science). (51); 47-59. DOI: 10.32225/bkpmnh.2022.51_47

[Botany • 2022] Impatiens jacobdevlasii (Balsaminaceae) • A New Species from Knuckles (Dumbara) Massif of Sri Lanka

   Impatiens jacobdevlasii Herath, C. Bandara & Gopallawa,   

Bandara, Herath, Gopallawa & Attanayake, 2022. 

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.543.3.2  

 Researchgate.net/publication/359936399 

Photographs by S. B. Herath & B. Gopallawa.

Abstract

Impatiens jacobdevlasii Herath, C. Bandara & Gopallawa sp. nov. (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Knuckles (Dumbara) massif of Sri Lanka is described and illustrated. The detailed morphological characters, diagnostic comparisons, notes on habitat and ecology are presented. According to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, I. jacobdevlasii is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) by virtue of its limited distribution range and decline of mature individuals.

Keywords: Eudicots, Balsam of Sri Lanka, biodiversity, conservation, Dumbara, taxonomy

   Impatiens jacobdevlasii Herath, C. Bandara & Gopallawa;
A. Plant habit (holotype: Sanath Bandara & Champika Bandara 2018-05), B. Developing flower bud, C. Front view of a flower, D. Lateral view of the flower, E. Dorsal petal, F. Lateral view of dorsal petal, G. Lower sepal, H. Lateral sepals, I. Lateral united petal, J. Androecium, K. Mature capsule.

Illustrations by Champika Bandara.

 Color variations of Impatiens jacobdevlasii flowers;
 A. White color, B. Light purple color, C. Light pink color, D. Deep pink color.

Photographs by Bhathiya Gopallawa.

   Impatiens jacobdevlasii Herath, C. Bandara & Gopallawa;
A. Mature individuals in the natural habitat, B. front view of the flower, C. Lateral view of the flower, D. Rear view of the flower, E. Capsule.

Photographs by Sanath Bandara Herath (A), Bhathiya Gopallawa (B–E).

Impatiens jacobdevlasii Herath, C. Bandara & Gopallawa sp. nov. 

Diagnosis: Impatiens jacobdevlasii morphologically similar to I. truncata but differs by having pinkish or purplish color flowers with pink margin, bilobed upper petal of lateral united petals and yellow color centre blotch, linearlanceolate lateral sepal, 4–6 lateral nerve pairs, abaxially scattered pubescent and adaxially glabrous lamina.

Distribution: Impatiens jacobdevlasii is known from Dothalugala Mountain and Thangappuwa area in Knuckles massif of Sri Lanka.

Etymology: The specific epithet is named in honour of Dr. Jacob de Vlas, a Dutch biologist and the author of the tri-volume series of the ‘Illustrated field guide to the flowers of Sri Lanka’ in 2008–2019 documenting over 3000 native and introduced species of the Island. The common name for the species is Vlas’s balsam.

Champika Bandara, Sanath Bandara Herath, Bhathiya Gopallawa and Achala Attanayake. 2022. Impatiens jacobdevlasii (Balsaminaceae), A New Species from Knuckles Massif of Sri Lanka. Phytotaxa. 543(3); 181–187. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.543.3.2 

  Researchgate.net/publication/359936399_Impatiens_jacobdevlasii_a_new_species_from_Knuckles_massif_of_Sri_Lanka

[Mollusca • 2022] Gulella calcicola, G. maraisi, G. mkombeni, etc. • Eight New Species of Gulella Pfeiffer, 1856 (Gastropoda: Streptaxidae) from the south-east coast of South Africa

G. abbotti, G. calcicola, G. crookesi,
G. fordycei, G. maraisi & G. mkombeni   

Cole & Herbert, 2022

DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1729

ABSTRACT

Eight new species of Gulella Pfeiffer, 1856 are described from south-eastern South Africa, occurring over a linear distance of 550 km within the Maputaland-Pondoland-Albany biodiversity hotspot. Seven species are narrow-range endemics, while Gulella kenbrowni sp. nov. occurs somewhat patchily over most of this distance. The very similar G. fordycei sp. nov. is recorded from only one small nature reserve in medium-altitude mistbelt forest. Six species, G. crookesi sp. nov., G. maraisi sp. nov., G. mkombeni sp. nov., G. abbotti sp. nov., G. donaikeni sp. nov. and G. calcicola sp. nov. each occur at one or a few isolated localities along a narrow strip of 140 km at or near the coast. The latter two are found only in the Marble Delta region, where mining has badly degraded and continues to threaten their habitat, and appear to meet the criteria for Red-Listing as Critically Endangered. Six species occur in nature reserves, highlighting the importance of small pockets of protected habitat for the conservation of terrestrial snails.

 

Keywords: Streptaxidae, new species, narrow-range endemism, priority conservation areas, Marble Delta hotspot, South Africa

Mary Cole and David Herbert. 2022.  Eight New Species of Gulella Pfeiffer, 1856 from the south-east coast of South Africa (Gastropoda: Streptaxidae). European Journal of Taxonomy. 813(1), 1-32.  DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.813.1729

[Ichthyology • 2022] Aetomylaeus wafickii • Resolution of the Aetomylaeus nichofii Species Complex (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae), with the Description of A New Eagle Ray Species from the northwest Indian Ocean and A Key to the Genus Aetomylaeus

Aetomylaeus wafickii

Jabado, Ebert & Al Dhaheri, 2022

Wafic’s Eagle Ray | لخمت وفيق   ||  DOI: 10.1007/s12526-021-01234-4

Abstract

 In recent years, the eagle ray family Myliobatidae has undergone major taxonomic revisions due to molecular and morphological findings. A new species of eagle ray, Aetomylaeus wafickii sp. nov., is described based on specimens collected from the Arabian Gulf, Northwest Indian Ocean. The new species externally most closely resembles A. caeruleofasciatus White, Last, & Baje, 2015 in White et al. 2016 and A. nichofii (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). It can be distinguished from these species by a combination of morphological and meristic characteristics including a higher number of transverse pale bluish to light grey bands on its dorsal surface (8–10 in Aetomylaeus wafickii sp. nov. vs 5–8 in A. caeruleofasciatus and A. nichofii), a higher number of tooth plate rows (13–15 vs 7), a shorter upper tooth plate width (3.1–4.3 vs 4.6–7.5%DW), and a shorter tail ((0.9–1.6) vs (1.4–1.8)) times disc width. Pelvic fin radial counts separate the new species from A. nichofii for males (14–16 vs 16–19) and females (16–19 vs 20–21). Geographically, it occurs from the southern Red Sea, eastwards to the Arabian Sea, and south to Sri Lanka, including in the Arabian Gulf. It appears to be frequently caught as bycatch in gillnets due to its habit of schooling, and is considered particularly susceptible to impacts from regional fisheries. Morphological and meristic findings complement prior molecular evidence documenting three species within the A. nichofii complex. A key to the genus Aetomylaeus is provided for the first time.

Keywords: Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranch, Batoid, United Arab Emirates, Arabian Gulf, New species

Aetomylaeus wafickii, sp. nov. 

Wafic’s Eagle Ray 

(Arabic name: Lukhmat Wafic – لخمت وفيق).

Etymology: The new species is named after Wafic Jabado, father of author Rima Jabado in recognition of his support for her work and the occasion of his 73rd birthday. The proposed common name is Wafic’s Eagle Ray.

 

Rima W. Jabado, David A. Ebert and Shaikha S. Al Dhaheri. 2022. Resolution of the Aetomylaeus nichofii Species Complex, with the Description of A New Eagle Ray Species from the northwest Indian Ocean and A Key to the Genus Aetomylaeus (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae). Marine Biodiversity. 52; 15. DOI: 10.1007/s12526-021-01234-4

Researchgate.net/publication/358537943_Resolution_of_the_Aetomylaeus_nichofii_species_complex 

  https://dubaigazette.com/ead-2/ 

[Botany • 2022] Macrosolen zamboangensis (Loranthaceae) • A New Mistletoe Species from Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines

Macrosolen zamboangensis Mazo, Nickrent & Pelser, 

in Mazo, Nickrent & Pelser, 2022. 

  oaj.fupress.net/index.php/Webbia

  twitter.com/Kean_Roe 

 Abstract

 Macrosolen zamboangensis, a new mistletoe species from the Zamboanga peninsula of the island of Mindanao (Philippines), is described. The new species is a member of the widespread M. melintangensis species complex, but differs from the previously described species in this complex in having a conspicuously papillose corolla head. It is also the only species in this complex that displays a combination of papi-lose pedicels, calycula and fruits, at least 3–4 inflorescence axes grouped at a node, and relatively small flowers that are clustered at the apex of a raceme (a subumbel) instead of being more evenly distributed along the inflorescence axis. The conservation status of this new species is considered Vulnerable (V).

Keywords: hemiparasitic plants, Macrosolen melintangensis, mistletoe, species com-plex, taxonomy, western Mindanao.

Morphological features of Macrosolen zamboangensis.
 A. Habit of mistletoe. B. Leaf variation, adaxial surfaces above, abaxial sur-faces below. C. Inflorescence. D. Closer view of flowers in bud stage and at anthesis. E. Infructescences emerging from swollen node. F. Closer view of calyculus/ovary, subtending bract, and pedicel. G. Seed removed from fruit. H. Mature fruit with scale insects on pedicel.

Macrosolen zamboangensis Mazo, Nickrent & Pelser, sp. nov. 

Diagnosis: Macrosolen zamboangensis is similar to species of the M. melintangensis complex, but unique in having conspicuously papillose flowers and fruits in combination with relatively short corollas (i.e. less than 20 mm in mature flower buds) of flowers that are clustered in subumbels. The inflorescences are generally 3–4 per axil, more numerous than in other members of the complex.

Etymology: The specific name refers to the Zamboanga peninsula of the island of Mindanao, Philippines, where this species was discovered.

Distribution and habitat: Thus far, M. zamboangensis is only known from its type locality, which is in a disturbed lowland tropical rain forest and at 320–350 m elevation. Macrosolen zamboangensis was observed growing on Mangifera sp. (Anacardiaceae), Palaqium sp. (Sapotaceae), and species of Sapindaceae.

CONCLUDING REMARKS: 

Naming a new species in a mistletoe genus such as Macrosolen presents a number of challenges. These include the absence of type specimens associated with various names, variations in descriptions of the same taxa by different authors, and weighing the extent of polymorphism present within a taxon prior to considering it a species. Although photographs of herbarium specimens provide invaluable data for this type of work, the quality of specimens varies considerably and crucial details (e.g. of flowers) are not always visible. For the Philippine flora in particular, specimens (including types) were destroyed in WWII and no collections currently held in PNH and various in-country university herbaria are digitized and available for viewing on the internet. To fully explore species boundaries in Macro-solen, the morphological character variation should be examined in the context of a molecular phylogeny, but currently no such data exist. As discussed here, the M. melintangensis complex may contain as few as four and as many as 13 species. All of these taxa can be characterized, more or less, by unique combinations of characters. For the 39 morphological characters considered here, we propose that M. zamboangensis shows sufficient phenotypic differences from other members of the complex to be considered a distinct species.

    

 

Kean Roe F. Mazo, Daniel L. Nickrent and Pieter B. Pelser. 2022. Macrosolen zamboangensis (Loranthaceae), A New Mistletoe Species from Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines. Webbia. Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Geography. 77(1); 127-134. DOI: 10.36253/jopt-12339 

  oaj.fupress.net/index.php/webbia/article/view/12339

  twitter.com/Kean_Roe/status/1517697104063655936

[Botany • 2020] Bulbophyllum lingii (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Malaxideae) • A New Species from Hainan, China

Bulbophyllum lingii  

in Huang, Yang, Lan & Yin, 2020.

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.452.2.8

Abstract

A new species, Bulbophyllum lingii (Orchidaceae: Epidedroideae: Malaxideae) from Hainan, China, is described and illustrated. Detailed morphological comparisons indicate that B. lingii is similar to B. catenarium, but differs in having oblong petals, lip margins from base of side-lobes to lip tip recurved, adaxial surface of top part glabrous, stigma with a rather distinct basal callus, foot with about 1/3 free part. The conservation status of B. lingii is assessed and taxonomic notes are provided.

Keywords: Chinese orchids, sect. Macrocaulia, taxonomy, new species, Monocots

   

Bulbophyllum lingii

Ming-Zhong Huang, Guang-Sui Yang, Si-Ren Lan and Jun-Mei Yin. 2020. Bulbophyllum lingii, A New Species (Malaxideae, Epidedroideae, Orchidaceae) from Hainan, China.  Phytotaxa. 452(2); 185–188. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.452.2.8

 twitter.com/HiHainan/status/1518428698651033600

 facebook.com/HainanTouch/posts/527216952471737

 twitter.com/HainanToday/status/1519294514627633153

[Botany • 2022] Begonia ostulensis (Begoniaceae, sect. Knesebeckia) • A New Species from Michoacán, Mexico

Begonia ostulensis Martínez & Ramos,  

in Martínez-Gordillo & Ramos-Ordóñez, 2022. 

DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.543.1.9

 

Abstract

Begonia ostulensis sp. nov. is a new species from section Knesebeckia, known solely from the state of Michoacán; it is similar to Begonia monophylla, an endemic species from Mexico with a distribution in the states of Mexico, Colima, Michoacán, Guerrero and Morelos, but B. ostulensis differs from it in having an orbicular, peltate, solitary leaf, with the lower and upper surfaces glabrous, a lobed and double-dentate, non-ciliate margin, inflorescences terminal, peduncle and rachis glabrous and fruit with primary wing asymmetrically triangular, glabrous.

Keywords: Aquila, Cucurbitales, deciduous tropical forest

Begonia ostulensis in its habitat.

Photographs by D. López-Guerrero.

Begonia ostulensis Martínez & Ramos,  
A: Habit. B, B’: Pistillate flower (face and side views). C, C’: Staminate flower (face and side view). D: Ovary. E: Styles and stigmas. F: Cross section of the ovary. G: Fruit. H: Androecium. I: Stamen. J: Seed. K: Bract. L: Trichome ring. M: Tuber.

Based on live plants in Santa María Ostula, 

by D. López-Guerrero and M.F. Ramos-Ordoñez.

Begonia ostulensis Martínez & Ramos sp. nov. 

§ Knesebeckia 

 Similar to B. monophylla Pav. ex A.DC. (1859:121), but differs in having orbicular, peltate leaves (vs. suborbicular to elliptic reniform or broadly ovate, basifixed leaves with a cordate base), that are glabrous on the lower and upper surfaces (vs. sparsely pubescent), with a lobed, double-dentate, non-ciliate margin (vs. with incised-dentate, ciliate margin, occasionally lobed); stipules fugacious (vs. persistent); inflorescence terminal (vs. axillary).

Etymology:—The name honors the type locality: Santa María Ostula, Aquila Municipality, Michoacan State, Mexico. 

Distribution and habitat:—The species is only known from the type locality, on limestone rock ridges. Due to its size it is an inconspicuous species. It grows in cracks or lateral cavities of rocks (Fig. 2), never on the surface exposed to the sun, which makes it difficult to collect the tubers. Its life cycle is constrained by the rainy season (June to October); the leaf is observed in the first week of July, flowering occurs from July to September, in the month of November no flowers are found, only senescent leaves with dry fruits are observed. The type of vegetation is tropical deciduous forest, at elevations ranging from 604 to 828 m above sea level. It has been found in sites inhabited by Beiselia mexicana Forman (Burseraceae), another species endemic to the municipality of Aquila.

   Martha Martínez-Gordillo and María Felix Ramos-Ordóñez. 2022. Begonia ostulensis (Begoniaceae), A New Species from Michoacán, Mexico. Phytotaxa. 543(1); 89–94. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.543.1.9

[Botany • 2022] A Revision of Gomphostemma (Lamiaceae)

A – B Gomphostemma mastersii: A tuber-like roots; B corolla with inflated throat.
C G. parviflorum: axillary inflorescence and corolla with narrow throat. D G. javanicum: fleshy nutlets.
E – F G. leptodon: E axillary inflorescence; F flower, note calyx lobes longer than the tube and corolla with inflated throat.

iin Bongcheewin, Ingrouille & Paton, 2022.

DOI: 10.1007/s12225-021-09991-y

Photos: T. Phutthai (A – B & D); B. Bongcheewin (C); M. Nuraliev (E – F).

Summary

The genus Gomphostemma Wall. ex Benth. is revised. Thirty-one species are recognised with three new species described: G. flexuosum Bongch. from north-eastern Thailand, southern Laos and central Vietnam, G. longipetalum Bongch. and G. repentum Bongch. from northern Myanmar. Thirty names are lectotypified. A key to species, distribution maps and conservation categories for all species are provided.

Key Words: Conservation, Lamioideae, taxonomy.

A – B Gomphostemma mastersii: A tuber-like roots; B corolla with inflated throat.
C G. parviflorum: axillary inflorescence and corolla with narrow throat. D G. javanicum: fleshy nutlets.
E – F G. leptodon: E axillary inflorescence; F flower, note calyx lobes longer than the tube and corolla with inflated throat.

Photos: A – B & D Thammarat Phutthai; C Bhanubong Bongcheewin; E – F Maxim Nuraliev.

....

 Gomphostemma longipetalum Bongch. sp. nov. 

Type: Burma, Kachin, Mountains East of Fort Hertz, ..., 600 – 900 m, 

3 Sept. 1926, Ward 7359 

(holotype K [K001081925]).

NOTES. The epithet longipetalum [longi- (in Greek compound), long; -petalum, petal] refers to its corolla length.

 Gomphostemma flexuosum Bongch. sp. nov.

Type: Thailand, Chaiyaphum, Phu Khiew Wildlife Sanctuary, ..., 800 m, 

11 Oct. 1998, Suddee et al. 955 

(holotype K [K001081924]; isotypes BKF, TCD).

NOTES. The epithet flexuosum [flexuosum, zigzag] refers to its wavy stem.

 Gomphostemma repentum Bongch. sp. nov.

Type: Upper Burma, Karenni, Ywathit, Salween Valley, 600 m,

 11 Jan. 1913, Micholitz s.n. 

(holotype K [K001081923]).

ETYMOLOGY. The epithet repentum [repens, creeping] refers to its habit.

Bhanubong Bongcheewin, Martin J. Ingrouille and Alan J. Paton. 2022. A Revision of Gomphostemma (Lamiaceae). Kew Bulletin. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-021-09991-y

[Botany • 2022] The Demise of Monechma: New Combinations and A New Classification in the Resurrected Genera Meiosperma and Pogonospermum (Acanthaceae)

Representative species in the sections of Pogonospermum.
 A sect. Pogonospermum: P. ciliatum (Mali); B sect. Savannicola: P. depauperatum (Guinea); C sect. Virgultorum: P. virgultorum (Angola); 
 E sect. Serotinum: P. serotinum (Namibia); F & G sect. Aridicola: F P. cleomoides (Namibia), G P. grandiflorum (Namibia).

in Darbyshire, Kiel, Chase & Manzitto-Tripp, 2022. 

DOI: 10.1007/s12225-022-10003-w

Photos: A Q. Luke; B C. Jongkind; C D. Goyder; E H. Kolberg; F I. Darbyshire; G E. A. Manzitto-Tripp.

 

Summary

Recent molecular phylogenetic results have demonstrated that Monechma s.l., a group of plants with ecological importance in the savanna and succulent biomes of sub-Saharan Africa, is polyphyletic with two discrete lineages recognisable. In the present work, we recognise Monechma Groups I and II at the generic rank, which can be distinguished by differences in inflorescence characteristics and seed morphology. The nomenclatural implications of these findings are investigated. The lectotype of Monechma, M. bracteatum Hochst., is a part of a small lineage of plants closely allied to Justicia L. sect. Harnieria (Solms) Benth. for which the earliest valid name is found to be Meiosperma Raf. Hence, Monechma is synonymised within Meiosperma, which comprises six accepted species and two undescribed taxa. The majority of species of former Monechma s.l. are resolved within the second lineage for which the only validly published generic name is Pogonospermum Hochst. This resurrected genus comprises 34 accepted species plus two undescribed taxa. Pogonospermum displays considerable morphological variation and is here subdivided into six sections based primarily on differences in plant habit, inflorescence form, calyx, bract and bracteole venation, and seed indumentum. The new combinations and new sections are validated, and seven accepted species names are lectotypified.

 

Key Words: Africa, Justicieae, Justicioid, nomenclature, savanna biome, succulent biome, taxonomy

Representative species of Meiosperma.
A M. bracteatum (Mozambique); B M. monechmoides (Namibia).

 Photos: A B. Wursten; B E. A. Manzitto-Tripp.

Representative species in the sections of Pogonospermum.
A sect. Pogonospermum: P. ciliatum (Mali); B sect. Savannicola: P. depauperatum (Guinea); C sect. Virgultorum: P. virgultorum (Angola); 
D sect. Tricostatum: P. rigidum (Angola); E sect. Serotinum: P. serotinum (Namibia);
F & G sect. Aridicola: F P. cleomoides (Namibia), G P. grandiflorum (Namibia).

Photos: A Q. Luke; B C. Jongkind; C, D D. Goyder; E H. Kolberg; F I. Darbyshire; G E. A. Manzitto-Tripp.

 

Meiosperma Raf. (Rafinesque 1838: 64). 

Type species: Meiosperma debile (Forssk.) I.Darbysh. & E.Tripp

 (basionym: Dianthera debilis Forssk.).

Pogonospermum Hochst. (Hochstetter 1844: 5). 

Type species: Pogonospermum ciliare (L.f.) Hochst. (Justicia ciliare L.f.), 

(lectotype selected by Pfeiffer 1874: 777) = P. ciliatum (Jacq.) I.Darbysh. & Kiel.

 

Iain Darbyshire, Carrie A. Kiel, Frances M. Chase and Erin A. Manzitto-Tripp. 2022. The Demise of Monechma: New Combinations and A New Classification in the Resurrected Genera Meiosperma and Pogonospermum (Acanthaceae). Kew Bulletin. DOI: 10.1007/s12225-022-10003-w

[Invertebrate • 2022] Vampire Worms: A Revision of Galapagomystides (Phyllodocidae, Annelida), with the Description of Three New Species

Light microscopy (LM) images of Galapagomystides patricki n. sp. 

A—in situ Galapagomystides inside Vestimentiferan tube, Alvin Dive 4508, Mound Quepos, Parrita Seep, Costa Rica, paratype (SIO-BIC A13420; A13420). 

B—dorsal view of anterior, paratype (SIO-BIC A1424).

in situ dorsal-view images of Galapagomystides verenae n. comb. associated with juvenile Escarpia spicata tubes at Parrita Seep off Costa Rica.

Pearson & Rouse, 2022

DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5128.4.1

Abstract

Galapagomystides is an exclusively deep-sea group of Phyllodocidae, originally erected for Galapagomystides aristata from hydrothermal vents of the Galapagos Rift. In this study, Phyllodocidae collected from hydrothermal vents and methane seeps from the Pacific Ocean, including specimens from vents of the East Pacific Rise identified as Galapagomystides were studied using morphology (light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy) and DNA sequence data. Phylogenetic analysis of the newly generated molecular data (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and 28S rRNA) combined with an already available extensive dataset for Phyllodocidae resulted in a monophyletic Galapagomystides comprising five species. Galapagomystides aristata was found to occur on the East Pacific Rise vents as well as the Galapagos Rift and is redescribed. Two new species were from hydrothermal vents in the West Pacific, G. bobpearsoni n. sp., and G. kathyae n. sp., as well as one new species from a cold seep in the eastern Pacific, G. patricki n. sp. These new species are formally described, and a previously known vent species, Protomystides verenae, is redescribed and transferred to Galapagomystides. Galapagomystides verenae n. comb. was found to occur in both vents and seeps in the eastern Pacific, from Oregon to Costa Rica. The diagnosis of Galapagomystides is amended and the biogeography and habitat evolution of the five species of Galapagomystides is discussed.

Key words: new species, hydrothermal vents, methane seeps, cold seeps, Pacific Ocean, Aciculata, Phyllodocida

A & B—in situ dorsal-view images of Galapagomystides verenae n. comb. associated with juvenile Escarpia spicata tubes at Parrita Seep off Costa Rica.

 

Galapagomystides Blake, 1985 (emended) 

(Pleijel 1991; Blake 1994)

Type species. Galapagomystides aristata Blake, 1985

Diagnosis (emended). Prostomium wider than long. Two antennae; two palps similar in size/shape to antennae. No median antenna or nuchal papilla. Nuchal organs unknown. Eyes absent. Smooth proboscis, papillae at distal end. Segment 1 fused or not (dorsally) to prostomium. Segment 1 distinct ventrally. Elongated dorsal cirri (EDC) (= tentacular cirri) on segments 1, 2; EDC on segment 3. No ventral cirri on segment 1. Ventral cirri on segment 2 elongated or like following segments. Parapodia uniramous, notopodial chaetae absent. Neuropodium with central fascicle containing compound chaetae; one simple emergent acicula. Compound chaetal shaft cylindrical; pointed blade extended from falcate joint. Rostrum of chaetal shaft asymmetrical/hooked. Presence of segmental bands of cilia. Pygidial cirri robust ellipsoid lobes. Living animals are red.

Galapagomystides aristata Blake 1985

Diagnosis. First segment fused dorsally to prostomium. Elongated dorsal cirri on segments 1 and 2. Elongated ventral cirri on segment 2. Exaggerated hook-like joint of compound chaetae.

Galapagomystides verenae (Blake and Hilbig 1990) new combination

Diagnosis. First segment not fused to prostomium. Trapezoidal prostomium that is dorsally “V” shaped posteriorly. Elongated dorsal cirri on segments 1, 2 and 3. Elongated ventral cirri on segment 2.

Galapagomystides bobpearsoni n. sp. 

Diagnosis. First segment fused dorsally to prostomium. Elongated dorsal cirri on segments 1, 2 and 3. The elongated dorsal cirri on segments 2 and 3 are the longest of all Galapagomystides species. Elongated ventral cirri on segment 2.

Etymology. Galapagomystides bobpearsoni n. sp. is named after the lead author’s father, Bob Pearson, for his invaluable love and support, and who inspired the lead author’s passion and curiosity for the ocean. 

Galapagomystides kathyae n. sp. 

Diagnosis. First segment fused dorsally to prostomium. Wider prostomium. Elongated dorsal cirri on segments 1, 2 and 3. Elongated ventral cirri on segment 2.

Etymology. Galapagomystides kathyae n. sp. is named after the lead author’s mother, Kathy Reimer-Pearson, for her invaluable love and support, and who sparked the lead-author’s interest and enthrallment in invertebrates.

Light microscopy (LM) images of Galapagomystides patricki n. sp. 
A—in situ Galapagomystides inside Vestimentiferan tube, Alvin Dive 4508, Mound Quepos, Parrita Seep, Costa Rica, paratype (SIO-BIC A13420; A13420).
B—dorsal view of anterior, paratype (SIO-BIC A1424).

Galapagomystides patricki n. sp. 

 Diagnosis. First segment not fused to prostomium. Elongated dorsal cirri on segments 1 and 2. No elongated ventral cirri.

Etymology: Galapagomystides patricki n. sp. is named after Patrick Shaughnessy, whose love and support during this project was instrumental to the lead author’s success.

Kaila A. M. Pearson and Greg W. Rouse. 2022. Vampire Worms: A Revision of Galapagomystides (Phyllodocidae, Annelida), with the Description of Three New Species. Zootaxa. 5128(4); 451-485. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5128.4.1