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| Trachydactylus spatalurus (Anderson, 1901) & Trachydactylus hajarensis (Arnold, 1980) Fig. 6. Pictures of (a) Trachydactylus spatalurus (NMP 75147, male) and (b) Trachydactylus hajarensis (TMHC 2013.10.407). Close up detail of the dorsal scales of (c) T. spatalurus (NMP 75147) and (d) T. hajarensis (TMHC 2013.10.408). Details of the dorsal side of head (e), lateral side of head (f) and dorsal side of the right hind limb (g) of Trachydactylus spatalurus (NMP 75147); of the dorsal side of head (h), lateral side of head (i) and of the dorsal side of the right hind limb (j) of T. hajarensis (TMHC 2013.10.407). Underside of head (gular region showing the arrangement of mental and postmental scales and chin shields) of (k) T. spatalurus (NMP 75146, male), (l) T. spatalurus (NMP 75147), (m) T. hajarensis (TMHC 2013.10.407) and (n) T. hajarensis (TMHC 2013.10.409).
Data for Trachydactylus spatalurus specimens NMP 75147 and NMP 75146 are presented in Table 1. Trachydactylus hajarensis TMHC 2013.10.407, male, 3 km S. of Al-Hamra, Nizwa, Oman (23.057 57.288, 671 m a.s.l.); TMHC 2013.10.408, male, same data as TMHC 2013.10.407; TMHC 2013.10.409, male, surrounding of Jebel Shams Resort, Oman (23.208 57.200, 1983 m a.s.l.). TMHC: Tomas Mazuch Herpetological Collection, Czech Republic
DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12107
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Abstract
In the last decade, taxonomic studies have drastically increased the number of species known to inhabit the Arabian deserts. While ongoing phylogenetic studies continue to identify new species and high levels of intraspecific genetic diversity, few studies have yet explored the biogeographic patterns in this arid region using an integrative approach. In the present work, we apply different phylogenetic methods to infer relationships within the Palearctic naked-toed geckos. We specifically address for the first time the taxonomy and biogeography of Bunopus spatalurus Anderson, 1901, from Arabia using multilocus concatenated and species tree phylogenies, haplotype networks and morphology. We also use species distribution modelling and phylogeographic interpolation to explore the phylogeographic structure of Bunopus spatalurus hajarensis in the Hajar Mountains and the roles of climatic stability and possible biogeographic barriers on lineage occurrence and contact zones in this arid mountain endemism hot spot. According to the inferred topology recovered using concatenated and species tree methods, the genus ‘Bunopus’ is polyphyletic. Bunopus tuberculatus and B. blanfordii form a highly supported clade closely related to Crossobamon orientalis, while the two subspecies of ‘Bunopus’ spatalurus branch together as an independent highly supported clade that diverged during the Miocene according to our estimations. Within B. s. hajarensis, three geographically structured clades can be recognized that according to our estimations diverged during the Late Miocene to Pliocene. The paleodistribution models indicate climatic stability during the Late Pleistocene and the lineage occurrence, and predicted contact zones obtained from phylogeographic interpolation therefore probably result from the older splits of the groups when these lineages originated in allopatry. As demonstrated by the results of the multilocus molecular phylogenetic analyses and the topological test carried out in this study, the genus ‘Bunopus’ is not monophyletic. To resolve this, we resurrect the genus Trachydactylus Haas and Battersby, 1959; for the species formerly referred to as Bunopus spatalurus. Considering the morphological differences, the high level of genetic differentiation in the 12S mitochondrial gene and the results of the phylogenetic and the cmos haplotype network analysis, we elevate Trachydactylus spatalurus hajarensis to the species level Trachydactylus hajarensis (Arnold, 1980).
Keywords: Paleodistribution modelling; phylogeography; multilocus phylogeny; spatial interpolation; contact zone; Palearctic naked-toed gecko
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| Fig. 6. Pictures of (a) Trachydactylus spatalurus (NMP 75147, male) and (b) Trachydactylus hajarensis (TMHC 2013.10.407). Close up detail of the dorsal scales of (c) Trachydactylus spatalurus (NMP 75147) and (d) Trachydactylus hajarensis (TMHC 2013.10.408). Details of the dorsal side of head (e), lateral side of head (f) and dorsal side of the right hind limb (g) of Trachydactylus spatalurus (NMP 75147); of the dorsal side of head (h), lateral side of head (i) and of the dorsal side of the right hind limb (j) of Trachydactylus hajarensis (TMHC 2013.10.407). Underside of head (gular region showing the arrangement of mental and postmental scales and chin shields) of (k) Trachydactylus spatalurus (NMP 75146, male), (l) Trachydactylus spatalurus (NMP 75147), (m) Trachydactylus hajarensis (TMHC 2013.10.407) and (n) Trachydactylus hajarensis (TMHC 2013.10.409).
Data for Trachydactylus spatalurus specimens NMP 75147 and NMP 75146 are presented in Table 1. Trachydactylus hajarensis TMHC 2013.10.407, male, 3 km S. of Al-Hamra, Nizwa, Oman (23.057 57.288, 671 m a.s.l.); TMHC 2013.10.408, male, same data as TMHC 2013.10.407; TMHC 2013.10.409, male, surrounding of Jebel Shams Resort, Oman (23.208 57.200, 1983 m a.s.l.). TMHC: Tomas Mazuch Herpetological Collection, Czech Republic DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12107
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Philip de Pous, Luis Machado, Margarita Metallinou, Jan Červenka, Lukáš Kratochvíl, Nefeli Paschou, Tomáš Mazuch, Jiří Šmíd, Marc Simó-Riudalbas, Delfi Sanuy and Salvador Carranza. 2015. Taxonomy and Biogeography of Bunopus spatalurus (Reptilia; Gekkonidae) from the Arabian Peninsula. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12107
DNA analysis reveals new identity for UAE geckos http://www.thenational.ae/uae/science/dna-analysis-reveals-new-identity-for-uae-geckos via @TheNationalUAE
