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| Calceolaria flavida Lavandero & Santilli, in Lavandero, Santilli & Pérez, 2021. |
Abstract
A new species of Calceolaria sect. Cheiloncos endemic to central Chile is described. A comparison with the morphologically similar species Calceolaria asperula and Calceolaria petioalaris is made, and a key as well as detailed images to differentiate them is provided. The species is only known from the Natural Sanctuary Cerro El Roble, which is part of the coastal mountain range of central Chile and can be considered as Critically Endangered (CR) under the IUCN categories and criteria.
Keywords: Chilean Mediterranean hotspot, Cerro el Roble, endemism, montane flora, South America, taxonomy
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| Lateral and frontal view of flowers (from left to right) of Calceolaria A, B Calceolaria asperula (Lavandero 409 (SGO)) C, D Calceolaria flavida (Lavandero & Santilli 201027 (SGO)) E, F Calceolaria petioalaris (B. Rosende s/n). |
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| Calceolaria flavida Lavandero & Santilli A habit B upper side view of flower C lateral view of flower D frontal view of flower with upper lip open E frontal view of flower F detail of abaxial side of leaf G detail of adaxial side of leaf H detail of stems I detail of early-flowering inflorescence. |
Calceolaria flavida Lavandero & Santilli, sp. nov.
Diagnosis: C. flavida is most similar to C. asperula and C. petioalaris in growth habit and in having leaves of similar shape covered in glandular hairs. C. flavida can easily be distinguished from C. asperula in having pale yellow corolla (vs. bright yellow), the upper lip longer than half the length of the lower lip (vs. upper lip shorter than half the length of the lower lip), anthers much shorter than filaments and opening towards the distal part of the upper lip (vs. anthers as long as filaments and opening toward the style) and an elaiophore with densely arranged oil-producing trichomes (vs. dispersed oil producing trichomes). It can be distinguished from C. petioalaris by its reddish stems (vs. green), secondary and tertiary veins of the adaxial side of leaf lamina visibly impressed (vs. secondary and tertiary veins of the adaxial side of leaf lamina slightly impressed), pale yellow corolla (vs. bright yellow), upper lip narrower than lower lip seen from above (vs. upper lip as wide as lower lip), lips rounded in shape (vs. squared), saccate upper lip (vs. flat), and style inserted in corolla (vs. exserted).
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| Habitat of Calceolaria flavida A NW-facing slopes dominated by Puya coerulea var. coerulea, Lithraea caustica and Gochnatia foliolosa (Natural Sanctuary Cerro El Roble, Región Metropolitana, Chile) B, C habit of Calceolaria flavida. |
Nicolás Lavandero, Ludovica Santilli and Fernanda Pérez. 2021. Calceolaria flavida (Calceolariaceae) A New endemic Species to central Chile. PhytoKeys 185: 99-116. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.185.71755