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| Maxillaria bicentenaria Collantes & C.Martel., in Martel, Egoavil, Ocupa, ... et Collantes, 2021. |
Abstract
We propose the new species Maxillaria bicentenaria from the montane forest of central Peru and provide an amendment of the description of Maxillaria pyhalae. Maxillaria bicentenaria is similar to M. pyhalae but differs by the elliptic to sub-elliptic labellum, the labellum distal half irregularly plicate, the flattened and transversally sub-trapezoidal labellar callus, the campanulate to sub-campanulate protuberance at the labellum apex centre, and the conspicuous carina with a sharp edge towards the top of the anther. Illustrations, pictures, and a distribution map are provided for both Maxillaria species. The differential features of both species are presented and previous misidentified records are discussed. Finally, a comment on the author name of Maxillaria fletcheriana is also provided.
Keywords: cloud forest, new species, Peru, sclerophyllous vegetation, Monocots
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| Maxillaria bicentenaria Collantes & C.Martel. A. Habit. B. Flower, lateral view. C. Dissected perianth, frontal view with detail of the abaxial side of the dorsal sepal apex. D. Labellum and column, lateral view. E. Column, lateral view. F. Anther, frontal and dorsal views. G. Pollinarium, frontal and ventral views. Note the flower is non-resupinate and it is shown as resupinate in B and C for graphical purposes only. Prepared by L. Ocupa. |
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| Maxillaria bicentenaria Collantes & C.Martel. A. Habit. B. Pseudobulb, side view. C. Flower, frontal view. D. Dissected flower with extended perianth and details of the sepal apex. E. Labellum and column, lateral view with details of the anther margin. F. Labella, frontal view with detail of the abaxial side of the extended apex. G. Column, ventral and lateral view with details of the margins. H. Anther and pollinarium, ventral and dorsal views. Note the flower is non-resupinate and it is shown as resupinate in D for graphical purposes only. Drawn from C. Martel et al. 99–100 (USM) by B. Collantes (personal plate nº 52). |
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| Maxillaria bicentenaria Collantes & C.Martel. A. Habit. B. Flower, frontal view. Photographs by F. Rizo Patrón (A) and C. Martel (B). |
Maxillaria bicentenaria Collantes & C.Martel, sp. nov.
Similar to Maxillaria pyhalae D.E. Benn. & Christenson, but differing in the elliptic to sub-elliptic labellum, the distal half of the labellum irregularly plicate, the flattened and transversally sub-trapezoidal labellar callus, the campanulate to sub-campanulate protuberance at the labellum apex centre, and the conspicuous carina with a sharp edge towards the top of the anther.
Distribution, habitat, and ecology:—Maxillaria bicentenaria is known from four localities in the dry montane forests of the OAYBR in central Peru (Fig. 3). Plants of M. bicentenaria grow in semi-dry montane forests, exposed or shaded undergrowth on rocks or soil associated with ferns and other orchids.
Etymology:—The name of the new species is an homage to the 200th anniversary of the Peruvian declaration of independence, which occurred on July 28th, 1821.
Carlos Martel, Luis Egoavil, Luis Ocupa, Juan Andre Tello, Federico Rizo Patrón, César Laura, Marco León and Benjamín Collantes. 2021. An Homage to Peru’s Bicentenary: Maxillaria bicentenaria (Orchidaceae), A New Species previously misidentified as M. pyhalae. Phytotaxa. 518(2); 87-99. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.518.2.1
